English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 109953/140892 (78%)
Visitors : 46226252      Online Users : 509
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    政大機構典藏 > 教育學院 > 教育學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/104616
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/104616


    Title: 經濟.教育發展.政治民主與所得分配暨國家發展指標之探索
    Authors: 王保進
    Contributors: 馬信行
    王保進
    Date: 1989
    Issue Date: 2016-12-06 19:03:41 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 論文提要
    本研究旨在探討經濟發展、教育發展、政治民主與所得分配間之關係,並分析如何編製一個適當的國家發展綜合指標,以及我國國家整體發展在國際上地位為何。
    本研究以聯合國、世界銀行、國際勞工組織、及美國海外開發協會等組識之統計年鑑上各項資料較齊全、且人口超過一百萬的國家為研究對象,共得有效樣本92個國家。在研究方法上,以變異數分析及多元廻歸分析探討經濟、教育發展、政治民主與所得分配間之關係,並以共變數結構分析(LISREL)探討其因果關係。在國家發展的研究上,以集群分析與區別分析為方法,並用主成份分析建構一個國家發展綜合指標。
    玆將主要研究結果臚列於下:
    (一)整體而言,經濟發展有利於所得分配均等;即經濟愈發展,所得分配愈均等。
    (二)教育發展無論是數量的擴充或品質的提升,均有利於所得分配之均等。
    (三)政治民主之發展雖不影響所得分配,但因政治民主程度的不同,所得分配會有顯著差異。
    (四)經濟發展、教育發展、政治民主與所得分配間之因果關係,在本研究中,並未能獲得完全證實。
    (五) Kuznets提出經濟發展與所得分配為一倒「U」型曲綫之假設,在本研究中並未獲得支持。研究結果發現,二者間呈現負的綫型關係
    (六)有關國家發展之研究,全部92個國家,共可分成先進國家(17個)、半先進國家(20個)、部分開發國家(25個)、與欠開發國家(30個)等四種不同國家發展類型。
    (七)我國之國家發展,在全部92個國家中,屬於半先進國家,名列第28位。
    (八)整體而言,本研究所建構之國家綜合指標,能有效區別不同的國家發展型態,確是一個客觀與精確的指標。
    最後,根據研究結果,本研究提出對遏止所得分配惡化之對策,以及我國國家發展短期與長期計劃之具體建議,並對未來之研究方向提出建議。
    第一章 緒論1
    第一節 研究動機與目的1
    第二節 研究問題與架構5
    第三節 研究限制7
    第四節 重要名詞詮釋7
    第二章 文獻探討11
    第一節 所得分配之測量11
    第二節 經濟發展與所得分配19
    第三節 教育發展與所得分配29
    第四節 政治民主與所得分配37
    第五節 因果模式之建立46
    第六節 國家發展指標49
    第三章 研究設計55
    第一節 研究假設55
    第二節 研究對象55
    第三節 統計處理56
    第四章 研究結果59
    第一節 所得分配之橫斷面國際比較59
    第二節 因果模式之探討81
    第三節 國家發展指標之編製87
    第五章 結論與建議105
    第一節 結論與討論105
    第二節 建議109
    參考書目113
    附錄A 113
    圖表目錄
    【 表錄 】
    表 1 經濟發展與所得分配關係之研究22
    表 2 教育發展與所得分配關係之研究32
    表 3 政治民主衡量指標39
    表 4 不同政治民主指標間之相關矩陣41
    表 5 政治民主與所得分配關係之研究44
    表 6 不同經濟發展國家在所得不均Gini係數上之變異數分析摘要表59
    表 7 表6之事後比較摘要表60
    表 8 不同教育發展國家在所得不均Gini係數上之變異數分析摘要表60
    表 9 表8之事後比較摘要表61
    表 10 不同政治民主國家在所得不均Gini係數上之變異數分析摘要表62
    表 11 表10之事後比較摘要表62
    表 12 每人平均生產毛額(GNP)對所得不均Gini係數之廻歸分析63
    表 13 經濟發展指數對Gini係數之廻歸分析64
    表 14 經濟發展、教育發展、政治民主與Gini係數之相關矩陣66
    表 15 經濟發展、教育發展、政治民主對Gini係數之多元廻歸分析67
    表 16 自變項綫性重合之檢定68
    表 17 樣本依序刪除後之廻歸分析68
    表 18 殘差界外值之檢定74
    表 19 界外值刪除後之廻歸分析75
    表 20 所有可能廻歸分析結果77
    表 21 逐步多元廻歸分析結果78
    表 22 主成份廻歸分析結果79
    表 23 因果模式中各可觀察變項之相關係數83
    表 24 因果模式參數估計結果85
    表 25 因果模式各變項之修正指標87
    表 26 集群分析分類結果與國家發展指標87
    表 27 四類集群在國家發展指標上之平均數與標準差94
    表 28 我國與先進、半先進國家在各項指標之比較96
    表 29 三個典型區別方程之特徵值及係數98
    表 30 我國與四種不同發展國家在區別方程上之得分98
    表 31 六個區別指標在三個區別方程之結構負荷量矩陣99
    表 32 區別分析分類方程係數101
    表 33 集群分析重新分類結果102
    表 34 國家發展綜合指標之主成份權數103
    【 圖錄 】
    圖 1 本研究之研究架構6
    圖 2 Lorenz曲綫圖15
    圖 3 Kuznets曲綫20
    圖 4 15個國家最窮 40%人口之所得分配28
    圖 5 教育、經濟、政治與社會均等因果關係47
    圖 6 經濟、教育發展、政治民主與所得分配間之因果關係徑路圖48
    圖 7 每人平均生產毛額與Gini係數交叉分佈圖63
    圖 8 經濟發展指數(EDI)與Gini係數交叉分佈圖65
    圖 9 殘差值與預測值交叉分佈圖74
    圖 10 刪除界外值後殘差值與預測值交叉分佈圖76
    圖 11 殘差值常態機率分佈圖79
    圖 12 殘差值與預測值交叉分佈圖80
    圖 13 LISREL因果模式徑路圖82
    圖 14 正規化殘差分佈圖86
    圖 15 集群分析樹狀圖93
    圖 16 四種不同發展國家在平面座標上之領域圖100
    Reference: 一、中文部分
    內政部(民77) 中華民國七十七年內政統計提要。
    行政院主計處(民77a) 中華民國臺灣地區七十六年個人所得分配調查報告。
    行政院主計處(民77b) 中華民國臺灣地區國民所得。
    行政院經建會(民77) 中華民國七十七年社會福利指標。
    行政院經建會、主計處(民77) 臺灣地區人力資源運用調查報告。
    林文達(民74) 教育經濟學。台北:三民書局。
    林荔華(民71) 教育與經濟公平 - 教育機會、家庭背景與個人所得之分析。國立臺灣大學經濟研究所碩士論文。(未出版)
    承立平(民69) 臺灣農家所得分配之實證研究。國立臺灣大學農業經濟學研究所碩士論文。(未出版)
    席汝楫(民70) 國家發展指標:編製方法及國際間之比較。國科會補助論文,H313。
    馬信行(民77) 國家發展指標之探索 - 以教育與經濟發展為主。國立政治大學學報,58,229-272。
    教育部(民77) 中華民國教育統計。
    許嘉猷(民75) 社會階層化與社會流動。台北:三民書局。
    張素梅(民72) 家庭所得分配之決定因素 - 臺灣地區總體時間數列資料分析。經濟論文叢刊,11,109-132。
    郭婉容(民67) 均富與經濟發展。經濟建設,26,12-23。
    陳佩珍與蓋浙生(民64) 我國各級教育收益率之分析研究 - 六四年度。教育部:教育計畫叢書之廿。
    蓋浙生(民74) 教育經濟學。台北:三民書局。
    邊裕淵(民68) 臺灣所得分配之研究。中央研究院三民主義研究所叢刊之一。
    邊裕淵(民69) 農家在所得分配中之地位及農家所得分配。農業金融論叢,3,143-183。
    邊裕淵(民72) 教育與薪資所得分配之研究。社會科學論叢,31,83-107。
    二、英文部分
    Adelman, I. & Morris, C.T.(1973). Economic development & social equity in developing countries. California: stanford University Press.
    Ahluwalia, M. S.(1976a). Inequality, poverty, & development. Journal of Development Studies, 3, 307-342.
    Ahluwalia, M. S.(1976b). Income distribution & development: Some stylized facts. American Economic Review, 66, 128-135.
    Aigner, D. J. & Heins, A. J.(1967). On the determinants of income equality. American Economic Review, 57, 175-184.
    Akaike, H.(1969). Fitting autoregressive models for prediction. Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 21, 243-247.
    Al-Sarnarrie, A. & Miller, H. P. (1967). State differentials in income concentration. American Economic Review, 57, 59-72.
    Ashline, N. F., Pezzerllo, T. R. & Morris, C. T.(1976). Education, inequality, & national policy. Lodon: Lexington Books.
    Atkinson, A. B.(1970). On the measurement of inequality. Journal of Economic Theory, 2, 244-263.
    Bachrach, P.(1967). The theory of democratic elitism. Boston: Little Brown.
    Bartlett, S.(1978). Education, experience, & wage inequality: 1939-1969. Journal of Human Resources, 13, 349-365.
    Baster, N.(1972). Development indicators: An introduction. Journal of Development Studies, 8, 21-36.
    Becker, G. S.(1975). Human capital: A theoretical & empirical analysis with special reference to education . New York: NBER.
    Belsley, D. A., Kuh, E. & Welsch, R. E.(1980). Regression diagnostics: Identifying influential data & sources of collinearity. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    Bequele, A. & Hoeven, R. V. D.(1980). Poverty & inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Labour Review, 119, 381-392.
    Bollen, K. A.(1979). Political democracy & the timing of development. American Sociological Review, 44, 572-587.
    Bollen, K. A.(1980). Issues in the comparative measurement of political democracy. American Sociological Review, 45, 370-390.
    Bollen, K.A. & Grandjean, B. (1981). The dimension of democracy: Futher issues in the measurement & effects of political democracy. American Sociological Review, 46, 651-659.
    Bollen, K. A. & Jackman, R. W. (1985). Political democracy & the size distribution of income. American Sociological Review, 50, 438-457.
    Boomsma, A. (1982). The robustness of LISREL against small sample size in factor analysis models. In K. G. Jöreskog & H. Wold (ed.). Systems under indirect observation, Part I (pp. 149-173). Netherlands: North-Holland.
    Boules, S. (1972). Schooling & inequality from generation to generation. Journal of Political Economy, 80, 219-251.
    Box, G. E. P. & Jenkins, G. M.(1976). Time series analysis: Forecasting & control (rev. ed.). 台北:雙葉影印本。
    Branco, K. J. & Williamson, J. B.(1988). Economic development & income distribution: A cross-national analysis. American Journal of Economics & Sociology, 47, 277-297.
    Cairncross, A. K.(1962). Factors in economic development. London: Allen & Unwin.
    Carnoy, M.(1979). Can education policy equalize income distribution in Latain America? U.K.: Saxon House. (轉引自Psacharapoulos, G. & Woodhall, M.(1985)).
    Chang, H. Y.(1980). Economic growth & income disparity in Taiwan. In K. Ohkawa, & B. Key (ed.), Asian socioeconomic development (pp. 215-232). Tokyo.: University of Takyo Press.
    Chatterjee, S. & Price, B.(1977). Regression analysis by examples. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    Chenry, H. & Syrquin, M.(1975). Patterns of development 1950-1970. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Chiswick, B. R.(1968). The average level of schooling & the intraregional inequality of income: A clarification. American Economic Review, 58, 456-489.
    Chiswick, B. R.(1971). Earning inequality & economic development. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 85, 21-39.
    Chiswick, B. R. & Mincer, J.(1972). Time-series changes in personal income inequality in the United States from 1939, with project to 1985. In T. W. Schultz(ed.), Investment in education: The equity-efficiency quandary (pp. 34-66). Chicago: Chicago University Press.
    Cook, R. D. & Weisberg, S.(1982). Residuals & influence in regression. New York: Chapman & Hall.
    Coulter, P.(1975). Social mobilization & liberal democracy. Massachusetts: Lexington Books.
    Creedy, J.(1977). Notes & memoranda Pareto & the distribution of income. Review of Income & Wealth, 23, 405-411.
    Cromwell, J.(1977). The size distribution of income: An international comparison. Review of Income & Wealth, 23, 291-308.
    Cutright, P. (1963). National Political development. American Sociological Review, 28, 253-264.
    Cutright, P. (1967). Inequality: A cross-national analysis. American Sociological Review, 32, 562-578.
    Denison, E. F.(1962). The sources of economic growth in the United States. New York: Committee of Economic Development.
    Denison, E. F.(1967). Why growth rate differ: Post-war experience in nine western countries. Washington, D.C.: The Brooking, Inc..
    Dillon, W. R. & Goldstein, M.(1984). Multivariate analysis: Methods & applications. 台北:華泰書局。
    Domanski, H.(1988). Labor market segmentation & income deterimination in Poland. The Sociological Quarterly, 29, 47-62.
    Downs, A.(1957). An economic theory of democracy. New York: Harper & Brothers.
    Drewnowski, J.(1972). Social indicators & welfare measurement: Remarks on methodology. Journal of Development Studies, 8, 77-90.
    Dye, T. R. & Zeigler, H.(1988). Socialism & equality in cross-national perspective. Political Science & Politics, 21, 45-56.
    Fabricant, S.(1959). Basic facts on productivity. New York: NBER.
    Fägerlind, I. & Saha, L. J.(1983). Education & national development. U.K.: Pergamon Press.
    Fei, J, C. H., Ranis, G. & Kuo, S. W. Y.(1979). Growth with equity: The Taiwan case. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Fields, G. S.(1975). Higher education & income distribution in a less developed country. Oxford Economic Paper, 27, 245-259.
    Fields, G. S.(1977). Who benefits from economic development? -- A reexamination of Brazilian growth in the 1960`s. American Economic Review, 67, 570-582.
    Fields, G. S. & Schultz, T. P.(1980). Regional inequality & other sources of income variation in Colombia. Economic Development & Cultural Change, 28, 447-467.
    Gastwirth, J. L.(1972). The estimation of the Lorenz curve & Gini index. Review of Economics & Statistics, 54, 306-316.
    Glewwe, P.(1988). Economic liberalization & income inequality: Futher evidence on the Sri Lankan experience. Journal of Development Economics, 28, 233-246.
    Gopalakrisbnan, C.(1988). Culture, economic development, & quality of life. American Journal of Economics & Sociology, 47, 455-457.
    Gouldner, W.(1950). Studies in leadership. New York: Harper & Brothers.
    Gunst, R. F. & Mason, R. L.(1980). Regression analysis & its application: A data-oriented approach. New York: Dekker.
    Harbison, F. & Myers, C. A.(1964). Education, manpower, & economic growth: Strategies of human resource development. New York: McGraw-Hill.
    Havighurst, R. J. & Neugarten, B. L.(1975). Society & education (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
    Hazali, L.(1982). Basic education & income inequality in Brazil. World Development, 10, 189-197.
    Hewitt, C.(1977). The effect of political democracy & social democracy on equality in industrial societies: A cross-national comparison. American Sociological Review, 42, 450-464.
    Hibbs, D. A. Jr.(1973). Mass political violence: A cross- national causal analysis. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    Hicks, N. & Streenten, P.(1979). Indicators of development: The search for a basic needs yardstick. World Development, 7, 567-580.
    Hinchliffe, K.(1975). Education, individual earnings, & earnings distribution. Journal of Development Studies, 11, 149-161.
    Hirsh, Q. Z. & Segelhorst, E. W.(1965). Incremental income benefits of public education. Review of Economics & Statistics, 47, 392-399.
    Hoerr, O. D.(1973). Education, income, & inequality in Malaysia. Economic Development & Cultural Change, 21, 247-273.
    Huang, T. F.( 民77 ). Party ideologies & national development: A covariance structure analysis. 國立政治大學學報,58,23-68。
    Hunt, S.(1963). Income determents for college graduate & the return of educational investment. Yale Economic Essays, 73, 154-161.
    Huntington, S. P.(1984). Will more countries become democratic? Political Science Quarterly, 99, 193-218.
    ILO.(1987). Year book of labour statistics. Geneva,: ILO.
    Inkeles, A. & Smith, D. H.(1974). Becoming modern: Individual changes in six developing countries. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
    Jackman, R. W.(1974). Political democracy & social equality: A comparative analysis. American Sociological Review, 39, 29-45.
    Jackman, R. W.(1975). Politics & social equality: A comparative analysis. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    Johnson, G. E. & Stafford, F. P.(1973). Social returns to quantity & quality of schooling. Journal of Human Resources, 13, 139-155.
    Jöreskog, K. G. & Sörbom, D.(l984). LISREL VI: User guide (3rd ed.). Indiana: Scientific Software, Inc.,
    Judge, G., Hill, R. C., Lütkepohl, H., & Lee, T. C.(1982). Introduction to the theory & practice of econometrics . 台北:雙葉影印本。
    Judge, G., Hill, R. C., Lütkepohl, H., & Lee, T. C.(1985). The theory & practice of econometrics(2nd ed.). 台北:雙葉影印本。
    Kakwani, N. C.(1980). ncome inequality & poverty: Methods of estimation & policy application. Washington, D. C.: World Bank.
    Kought, E. L. & Langoni, C. G. (1975). Population growth, income distribution, & economic development. International Labour Review, 111, 321-333.
    Kravis, I. B.(1960). International difference in the distribution of income. Review of Economics & Statistics, 42, 408-416.
    Kuo, W. Y.( 民63 ). Income distribution by size in Taiwan area: Change & causes. 經濟論文叢刊, 5, 25-97.
    Kuznets, S.(1955). Economic growth & income inequality. American Economic Review, 45, 1-28.
    Kuznets, S.(1963). Quantitative aspects of the economic growth of nations. Economic Development & Cultural change, 11, 1-80.
    Lai, C. C.(1988). The Kuznets effect revisited. The Sourth Africa Journal of Economics, 56, 173-179.
    Lecaillon, J., Paukert, F., Morrisson, C., & Germidis, D. (1984). Income distribution & economic development. Geneva: I .L. O..
    Leehr, W. & Powelson, J. P.(1981). The economics of development & distribution. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanorich Inc..
    Leipziger, D. M. & Lewis, M. A.(1980). Social indicators, growth, & distribution. World Development, 8, 299-302.
    Lenski, G. E.(1966). Power & privilege: A theory of social stratification. New York: McGraw-Hill.
    Lerner, D.(1958). The passing of traditional society. Glencoe: Free Press.
    Link, C. R.(1973). The quantity & quality of education & their influence on earnings: The case of chemical engineers. Review of Economics & Statistics, 55, 241-247.
    Lipset, S. M.(1959). Political man: The social bases of politics. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc..
    Liu, P. W. & Wong, Y. C.(1981). Human capital & inequality in Singapore. Economic Development & Cultural Change, 29, 275-293.
    Lydall, H.(1976). Theories of the distribution of earnings. in A. B. Atkinson(ed.). The personal distribution of incomes (pp. 15-45). London: George Allen & Unwin.
    Lydall, H.(1979). A theory of income distribution. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    Mallows, C. L.(1973). Some comments on C(p).Technometrics, 15, 661-675.
    Mann, A. I.(1985). Economic development, income distribution, & real income levels: Puerto Rico, 1953-77. Economic Development & Cultural Change, 33, 485-502.
    Marin, A. & Psacharopoulos, G.(1976). Schooling & income distribution. Review of Economics & Statistics,58, 832-838.
    Marquardt, D. W.(1970). Generalized inverse, ridge regression, biased linear estimation & nonlinear estimation. Technometrics, 12, 591-612.
    Massey, W. F.(1965). Principal component regression in exploratory statistical research. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 60, 234-256.
    McGranahan, D. V. (1972a). Development indicators & development models. Journal of Development Studies, 8, 91-102.
    McGranahan, D. V.(1972b). Contents & measurement of socio-economic development. New York: Praeger.
    Meier, G. M.(1976). Leading issues in economic development (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
    Michels, R.(1962). Political parties. New York: Free Press.
    Miller, H. P.(1963). Trends in the income of families & persons in the United States: 1947 to 1960. Washington, D. C.: Bureau of the Census.
    Mincer, J.(1970). The distribution of labor incomes: A survey with special reference to the human capital approach. Journal of Economic Literature, 8, 1-26.
    Mincer, J. & Chiswick, B. R.(1966). Education & the distribution of earnings. American Economic Review, 56, 358-369.
    Moore, B.(1966). The social origins of dictatorship & democracy. Boston: Beacon.
    Morgan, J. N.(1962). The anatomy of income distribution. Review of Economics & Statistics, 44, 270-282.
    Morgan, J. N. & Sirageldin, I.(1968). A note on the quality dimension of education. Journal of Political Economy, 76, 1069-1077.
    Muller, E. N.(1988). Democracy, economic development, & income inequality. American Sociological Review, 53, 50-68.
    OECD(1978). From Marshall plan to global interdependence. Paris: OECD.
    Ojha, P. D. & Bhatt,V.V.(1964). Income distribution: A case study of India, American Economic Review, 54, 711-721.
    Olsen, M. E.(1968). Multivariate analysis of national political development. American Sociological Review, 33, 699-712.
    Oshima, H. T.(1962). The international comparison of size distribution of family income with special reference to Asia. Review of Economics & Statistics, 44, 439-445.
    Oshima, H. T.(1970). Income inequality & economic growth: The postwar experience of Asia countries. Malayan Economic Review, 15, 7-41.
    Overseas Development Council, U. S.(1983). Foreign policy & the Third World, Agenda 1983. New York: Praeger.
    Parsons, T.(1961). The school class as a social system: Some of its functions in American society. in A.H. Halsey (ed.), Education, economy, & society (pp. 434-455). New York: Free Press.
    Paukert, F.(1973). Income distribution at different levels of development: A survey of evidence. International Labour Review, 108, 97-125.
    Pourgerami, A.(1988). The political economy of development: A cross-national causality test of development-democracy-growth hypothesis. Public Choice, 58, 123-141.
    Psacharopoulos, G.(1973). Return to education: An international comparison. Netherlands: Elsevier.
    Psacharopoulos, G.(1975). Earnings & education in OECD countries. Paris: OECD.
    Psacharopoulos, G.(1978). Labour market duality & income distribution: The case of U.K. in W. Krelle, & A. F. Shorrocks,(ed.) Personal income distribution (pp. 421-440). New York: North-Holland.
    Psacharopoulos, G. & Woodhall, M. (1985). Education for development. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Ram, R.(1982). Composite indices of physical quality of life, basic needs fulfillment, & income. Journal of development economics, 11, 227-247.
    Ram, R.(1985). The role of real income level & income distribution in fulfillment of basic needs. World Development, 13, 589-594.
    Richards, R. & Leonor, M.(1981). Education & income distribution in Asia. London: I. L. O..
    Roberti, P.(1974). Income distribution: A time-series & a cross-section study. Economic Journal, 84, 629-644.
    Rosenstein-Rodan, P. N.(1969). Criteria for evaluation for evaluation for national development effort. Journal of Development Planning, 1, 54-71.
    Rubinson, R. & Quinlan, D.(1977). Democracy & social inequality: A reanalysis. American Sociological Review, 42, 611-623.
    Rustow, D. A.(1970). Transition to democracy: Toward a dynamic model. Comparative Politics, 2, 337-367.
    Schultz, T. P.(1969). Secular trends & cyclical behavior of income distribution in the United States 1944-1965. in L. Soltow,(ed.) Six papers on the size distribution of wealth & income (pp. 175-198). New York: NBER.
    Schultz, T. W.(1961). Investment in human capital. American Economic Review, 51, 1-17.
    Schultz, T. W.(1980). Nobel lecture: The economics of being poor. Journal of Political Economy, 88, 639-652.
    Seers, D. (1972). What are we trying to measure? Journal of Development Studies, 8, 21-36.
    Sen, A. K.(1978). On economic inequality. Oxford: Clarendor Press.
    Solow, R. M.(1957). Technical change & the aggregate production function. Review of Economics & Statistics, 39, 312-320.
    Stack, S.(1978). Internal political organization & the world economy of income inequality. American Sociological Review, 43, 271-272.
    Taylor, C.L.(1972). Indicators of political development. Journal of Development Studies, 8, 103-109.
    Theil, H.(1967). Economic forecasts & policy. Chicago: Rand McNally.
    Todaro, M. P.(1985). Economic development in the third world (3rd ed.). New York: Longman.
    Time,(1978). Socialim: Trails & errors. Time, 111, 8-19.
    UNESCO.(1986). Statistical yearbook. New York: UNESCO.
    Urrutia, M.(1976). Income distribution in Colombia. International Labour Review, 113, 205-216.
    Ward, M. D.(1978). The political economics of distribution: Equality versus inequality. New York: Elsevier.
    Weede, E.(1981). Correlates of the size distribution of income in cross-national analysis. Journal of Politics, 43, 1029-1041,
    Weisskoff, R.(1970). Income distribution & economic growth in Puerto Rico, Argentina, & Mexico. Review of Income & Wealth, 16, 303-331.
    Weisskoff, R. & Wolff, E. N.(1981). The structure of income inequality in Puerto Rico. Journal of Development Economics, 9, 205-228.
    Welch, F.(1966). Measurement of the quality of schooling. American Economic Review, 56, 379-392.
    World Bank(1978). World development reports. New York: Oxford University Press.
    World Bank(1980). World development reports. New York: Oxford University Press.
    World Bank(1988). World development reports. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Zeigler, H.(1986). Education, income, & equality. Washington, D. C.: Office of Educational Research & Improvement.
    Zinam, O.(1989). Quality of life, quality of the individual, technology, & economic development. American Journal of Economics & Sociology, 48, 55-68.
    Relation: 國立政治大學
    教育研究所
    碩士
    77
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[教育學系] 學位論文

    Files in This Item:

    File Description SizeFormat
    index.html0KbHTML2431View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback