English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 110182/141115 (78%)
Visitors : 46657527      Online Users : 643
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/136695


    Title: 德國對非洲的雙向援助
    Bilateral Development Aid to Africa - The Case of Germany
    Authors: 鹿西蒙
    Reh, Simon Philipp
    Contributors: 劉曉鵬
    Liu, Philip Hsiaopong
    鹿西蒙
    Reh, Simon Philipp
    Keywords: 外援
    德國
    移民
    貿易
    良好的治理
    Foreign Aid
    Germany
    Migration
    Trade
    Good Governance
    Date: 2021
    Issue Date: 2021-08-04 16:29:06 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: I am not able to write my abstract in Chinese.
    This thesis uses a mixed-method approach to examine the underlying priorities of German development assistance to African countries. It pitches the self-interested motives of facilitating trade and curbing migration from the continent against the more altruistic goals of contributing to development, alleviating poverty and fostering good governance. The qualitative part of this study includes a presentation of the structure of the German aid regime and examines four key policy documents from the 18th and 19th legislative periods, covering the time spans from late 2013 to 2018 and 2018 to 2021, respectively. In the quantitative part, the four different motives are operationalized through several variables and tested against German aid flows by employing regression analysis. The data covers the entire 18th legislative period and the first half of the 19th legislative period. The qualitative examination shows that trade and migration are considered more relevant to foreign aid by the German policymakers in the 19th legislative period than they were in previous years. Poverty and development appear to have become slightly less relevant over time. The rule of law and democracy in recipient states are addressed over the whole time period, but the protection of human rights appears like a much higher priority. The quantitative analysis indicates that states with a higher population residing in Germany in fact do receive more aid, while the geographical distance from their home country to Germany seems to be irrelevant in the more recent years. Furthermore, it finds that German exports appear to be positively correlated with aid. Surprisingly, the measures employed to account for the development orientation of German aid are all insignificant. Moreover, democracy is the only dimension of good governance that appears to influence German aid allocation. Insofar, this thesis concludes that self-interested motives dominate over the altruistic ones. This practice may be explained by the realist theory of international relations. The results put the rhetoric of the German policymakers in question and may be an indication for German aid being inefficient when it comes to the promotion of development, good governance and the eradication of poverty in recipient countries.
    Reference: Alesina, A., & Dollar, D. (2000). Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why? Journal of Economic Growth, 5(1), 33–63. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009874203400
    Alesina, A., & Weder, B. (2002). Do Corrupt Governments Receive Less Foreign Aid? The American Economic Review, 92(4), 1126–1137. https://doi.org/10.1257/00028280260344669
    Andersen, U. (2020). Entwicklungspolitik [Development Policy]. In U. Andersen, J. Bogumil, S. Marschall, & W. Woyke (Eds.), Handwörterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland [Dictionary of the Political System of the Federal Republic of Germany]. Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-23670-0_43-1
    Arvin, M., Cater, B., & Choudhry, S. (2000). A Causality Analysis of Untied Foreign Assistance and Export Performance: The Case of Germany. Applied Economics Letters, 7(5), 315–319. https://doi.org/10.1080/135048500351465
    Arvin, M., & Drewes, T. (2001). Are There Biases in German Bilateral Aid Allocations. Applied Economics Letters, 8(3), 173–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504850150504540
    Ashoff, G. (2009). Institutioneller Reformbedarf in der bilateralen staatlichen deutschen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit, Analysen und Stellungnahmen, No. 8/2009 [Institutional Reform Needs in German Bilateral ODA, Analyses and Comments, No. 8/2009]. Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). https://www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/AuS_8.2009.pdf
    Baldwin-Edwards, M. (2006). ‘Between a Rock & A Hard Place’: North Africa as a Region of Emigration, Immigration & Transit Migration. Review of African Political Economy, 33(108), 311–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/03056240600843089
    102
    Baydag, R. M., Klingebiel, S., & Marschall, P. (2018). Shaping the Patterns of Aid Allocation: A Comparative Analysis of Seven Bilateral Donors and the European Union, Discussion Paper, No. 22/2018. Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). https://www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/DP_22.2018.pdf
    Berger, H., & Ritschl, A. (1995). Germany and the Political Economy of the Marshall Plan, 1947-52: A Re-Revisionist View. In B. Eichengreen (Ed.), Europe’s Post-War Recovery (pp. 199–245). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    Bermeo, S. (2017). Aid Allocation and Targeted Development in an Increasingly Connected World. International Organization, 71(4), 735–766. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818317000315
    Bermeo, S., & Leblang, D. (2015). Migration and Foreign Aid. International Organization, 69(3), 627–657. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818315000119
    Berthélemy, J.-C. (2006). Bilateral Donors’ Interest vs. Recipients’ Development Motives in Aid Allocation: Do All Donors Behave the Same? Review of Development Economics, 10(2), 179–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2006.00311.x
    Berthélemy, J.-C., & Tichit, A. (2004). Bilateral Donors’ Aid Allocation Decisions—A Three-Dimensional Panel Analysis. International Review of Economics & Finance, 13(3), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2003.11.004
    Bigsten, A., & Tengstam, S. (2015). International Coordination and the Effectiveness of Aid. World Development, 69, 75–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.12.021
    Black, L. D. (1968). The Strategy of Foreign Aid. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
    Blätte, A., Gehlhar, S., Gehrmann, J., Niederberger, A., Rakers, J., & Weiler, E. (2019). Migrationspolitik im Bundestagswahlkampf 2017: Die Kluft zwischen Entscheidungs- und Darstellungspolitik [Migration Policy in the 2017 Federal Election Campaign: The Gap Between Decision-Making and Representation Policy]. In K.-R. Korte & J. Schoofs (Eds.), Die Bundestagswahl 2017: Analysen der Wahl-, Parteien-, Kommunikations- und Regierungsforschung [The 2017 Bundestag Election: Analyses of Election, Party, Communication, and Government Research] (pp. 363–387). Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
    103
    BMVg. (2020). Einsätze in Afrika [Missions in Africa]. Bundesministerium der Verteidigung [Federal Ministry of Defense]. https://www.bmvg.de/de/themen/dossiers/engagement-in-afrika/einsaetze-in-afrika
    BMZ. (2015). Charter for the Future. Bonn: BMZ.39
    https://www.bmz.de/resource/blob/23352/cc34f7f068fe560e333eacdf8f582762/materialie257-zukunftscharta-beitraege-data.pdf
    BMZ. (2017). Entwicklungspolitik als Zukunfts- und Friedenspolitik: 15. Entwicklungspolitischer Bericht der Bundesregierung [Development Policy as Future and Peace Policy: 15th Development Policy Report of the Federal Government]. Bonn: BMZ. https://www.bmz.de/resource/blob/23398/044e414070cd9b80f5eb597443a9044 7/materialie319-entwicklungspolitischer-bericht-data.pdf
    BMZ. (2018). Development Policy 2030: New Challenges—New Solutions. Bonn: BMZ. https://www.bmz.de/resource/blob/23770/71cf4bb9fee375d369a42c1abf29b64d/Strategiepapier452_development%20policy%202030
    BMZ. (2020a). Bilaterale Netto-ODA nach Förderbereichen und Ländern 2018 [Bilateral Net ODA by Funding Areas and Countries 2018]. Bonn: BMZ. https://www.bmz.de/resource/blob/28994/ea4e1537ed8c89122b5fc6e1cae3b827/3_D7_Bilaterale_Netto_ODA_nach_Foerderbereichen_und_Laendern_2018.pdf
    BMZ. (2020b). Entwicklungsministerium legt mit “BMZ 2030” Reformkonzept vor [Development Ministry Presents "BMZ 2030" Reform Concept]. http://www.bmz.de/de/presse/aktuelleMeldungen/2020/april/200429_pm_09_Entwicklungsministerium-legt-mit-BMZ-2030-Reformkonzept-vor/index.html
    BMZ. (2020c). BMZ 2030 Reform Strategy: New Thinking—New Direction. Bonn: BMZ. https://www.bmz.de/resource/blob/29026/a73123a6094263264e921881d6b76f90/Materialie520_BMZ%202030%20reform%20strategy
    39 The URL provided refers to the German version of the document, as the English copy is not available online anymore. The English version can be provided at request.
    104
    BMZ. (2021a). Ausschuss für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (AwZ) [Committee for Economic Cooperation and Development (AwZ)]. https://www.bmz.de/de/service/glossar/A/ausschuss_awz.html
    BMZ. (2021b). Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) [German Corporation for International Cooperation (GIZ)]. https://www.bmz.de/de/ministerium/wege/bilaterale_ez/akteure_ez/einzelakteure/giz/index.html
    BMZ. (2021c). KfW Entwicklungsbank [KfW Development Bank]. https://www.bmz.de/de/ministerium/wege/bilaterale_ez/akteure_ez/einzelakteure/kfw/index.html
    BMZ. (2021d). Leitung des Ministeriums - Dr. Gerd Müller [Head of the Ministry - Dr. Gerd Müller]. https://www.bmz.de/de/ministerium/mueller-8692
    BMZ. (2021e). Ministerium - Aufbau und Organisation [Ministry - Structure and Organization]. https://www.bmz.de/de/ministerium/aufbau/index.html#:~:text=Das%2 0Bundesministerium%20f%C3%BCr%20wirtschaftliche%20Zusammenarbeit,%C3%BCbrigen%2046%20Prozent%20in%20Berlin.
    Bohnet, M. (2017). Politische Ökonomie der deutschen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit: Bestimmungsgründe, Akteure und Allokationsmuster [Political Economy of German Development Cooperation: Determinants, Actors and Allocation Patterns], Discussion Paper, No. 20/2017. Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). http://hdl.handle.net/10419/199510
    Bohnet, M. (2019). Geschichte der deutschen Entwicklungspolitik: Strategien, Innenansichten, Erfolge, Misserfolge, Zeitzeugen, Herausforderungen [History of German Development Policy: Strategies, Internal Views, Successes, Failures, Contemporary Witnesses, Challenges] (2nd ed.). Munich: UVK Verlag.
    105
    Bohnet, M., Klingebiel, S., & Marschall, P. (2018). Die Struktur der deutschen öffentlichen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit: Hintergründe, Trends und Implikationen für das BMZ und andere Bundesressorts [The Structure of German Official Development Cooperation: Background, Trends, and Implications for the BMZ and Other Federal Departments], Discussion Paper, No. 15/2018. Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). https://www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/DP_15.2018.pdf
    Boone, P. (1996). Politics and the Effectiveness of Foreign Aid. European Economic Review, 40(2), 289–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(95)00127-1
    Bundesregierung. (2019). Deutscher Bundestag—Drucksache 19/13352—Antwort der Bundesregierung [Federal Parliament - Print Matter 19/13352 - Response of the Federal Government]. Berlin: Deutscher Bundestag. https://dip21.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/19/133/1913352.pdf
    Bundesregierung. (2021). Angela Merkel—Biografie [Angela Merkel - Biography]. Bundesregierung [Federal Government].
    https://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/bkin-de/angela-merkel/biografie
    Bundeswahlleiter. (2013). Endgültiges amtliches Ergebnis der Bundestagswahl 2013 [Final Official Result of the 2013 Federal Election]. Bundeswahlleiter [Federal Election Commissioner]. https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/info/presse/mitteilungen/bundestagswahl-2013/2013-10-09-endgueltiges-amtliches-ergebnis-der-bundestagswahl-2013.html
    Bundeswahlleiter. (2017). Bundestagswahl 2017: Endgültiges Ergebnis [2017 Federal Election: Final Result]. Bundeswahlleiter [Federal Election Commissioner]. https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/info/presse/mitteilungen/bundestagswahl-2017/34_17_endgueltiges_ergebnis.html
    Bündnis 90/Die Grünen. (2018). Erneut nur schöne Worte statt Tatkraft—Minister Müller fällt durch den Realitätscheck [Once Again Only Nice Words Instead of Action - Minister Müller Fails Reality Check]. Bündnis 90/Die Grünen [Alliance 90/The Greens].
    https://www.gruene-bundestag.de/presse/presse mitteilungen/erneut-nur-schoene-wort e-statt-tatkraft-minister-mueller-faellt-durch-den-realitaetscheck
    106
    Bündnis 90/Die Grünen. (2020). Strukturreform 2030 mit neuer Länderliste [Structural Reform 2030 With New Country List]. Bündnis 90/Die Grünen [Alliance 90/The Greens].
    https://www.gruene-bundestag.de/themen/entwicklungszusammenarbeit/strukturrefor m-2030-mit-neuer-laenderliste
    Canavire-Bacarreza, G., Nunnenkamp, P., Thiele, R., & Triveño, L. (2006). Assessing the Allocation of Aid: Developmental Concerns and the Self-Interest of Donors. The Indian Economic Journal, 54(1), 26–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0019466220060103
    Carey, S. C. (2007). European Aid: Human Rights Versus Bureaucratic Inertia? Journal of Peace Research, 44(4), 447–464. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343307078938
    CDU, CSU, SPD. (2013). Deutschlands Zukunft Gestalten—Koalitionsvertrag zwischen CDU, CSU und SPD [Shaping Germany`s Future - Coalition Contract between CDU, CSU and SPD]. Berlin: CDU, CSU, SPD. https://archiv.cdu.de/sites/default/files/media/dokumente/koalitionsvertrag.pdf
    CDU, CSU, SPD. (2018). Ein neuer Aufbruch für Europa—Eine neue Dynamik für Deutschland—Ein neuer Zusammenhalt für unser Land—Koalitionsvertrag zwischen CDU, CSU und SPD [A New Departure for Europe – A New Dynamic for Germany – A New Cohesion for Our Country - Coalition Contract between CDU, CSU and SPD]. Berlin: CDU, CSU, SPD. https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/themen/koalitionsv ertrag-zwischen-cdu-csu-und-spd-195906
    Chauvet, L. (2002). Socio-Political Instability and the Allocation of International Aid by Donors. European Journal of Political Economy, 19(1), 33–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-2680(02)00128-3
    Claessens, S., Cassimon, D., & Van Campenhout, B. (2009). Evidence on Changes in Aid Allocation Criteria. World Bank Economic Review, 23(2), 185–208. https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhp003
    Clist, P. (2009). 25 Years of Aid Allocation Practice: Comparing Donors and Eras, CREDIT Research Paper, No. 09/11. Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade, University of Nottingham. https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/credit/documents/papers/09-11.pdf
    107
    Collier, P. (2007). The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can Be Done About It. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Collier, P., & Dollar, D. (2002). Aid Allocation and Poverty Reduction. European Economic Review, 46(8), 1475–1500. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2921(01)00187-8
    Conrad, S. (2012). German Colonialism: A Short History. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    Davenport, M. (1970). The Allocation of Foreign Aid: A Cross Section Study, With Special Reference to the Pearson Commission Report. Bulletin of Economic Research, 22(1), 26–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8586.1970.tb00053.x
    Deutscher Bundestag. (2014). Plenarprotokoll 18/10—Stenografischer Bericht 10. Sitzung [Plenary Record 18/10 - Stenographic Report 10th Session]. Berlin: Deutscher Bundestag. http://dipbt.bundestag.de/doc/btp/18/18010.pdf
    Deutscher Bundestag. (2018a). Plenarprotokoll 19/41—Stenografischer Bericht 41. Sitzung [Plenary Record 19/41 - Stenographic Report 41st Session]. Berlin: Deutscher Bundestag. http://dip21.bundestag.de/dip21/btp/19/19041.pdf
    Deutscher Bundestag. (2018b). Plenarprotokoll 19/54—Stenografischer Bericht 54. Sitzung [Plenary Record 19/54 - Stenographic Report 54th Session]. Berlin: Deutscher Bundestag. https://dip21.bundestag.de/dip21/btp/19/19054.pdf
    Deutscher Bundestag. (2020). Deutscher Bundestag—Drucksache 19/20436 [Federal Parliament - Print Matter 19/20436]. Berlin: Deutscher Bundestag. http://dipbt.bundestag.de/doc/btd/19/204/1920436.pdf
    Dietrich, S. (2013). Bypass or Engage? Explaining Donor Delivery Tactics in Foreign Aid Allocation. International Studies Quarterly, 57(4), 698–712. https://doi.org/10.1111/isqu.12041
    DistanceFromTo. (2021). Distance Between Cities on Map.
    https://www.distancefromto.net/
    Dollar, D., & Levin, V. (2006). The Increasing Selectivity of Foreign Aid, 1984–2003. World Development, 34(12), 2034–2046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.06.002
    108
    Donor Tracker. (2020). Donor Tracker—Germany. https://donortracker.org/country/germany
    Dowling, J. M., & Hiemenz, U. (1985). Biases in the Allocation of Foreign Aid: Some New Evidence. World Development, 13(4), 535–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(85)90055-5
    Dreher, A., Nunnenkamp, P., & Schmaljohann, M. (2015). The Allocation of German Aid: Self‐Interest and Government Ideology. Economics & Politics, 27(1), 160–184. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12053
    Dreher, A., Nunnenkamp, P., Thiel, S., & Thiele, R. (2012). Aid Allocation by German NGOs: Does the Degree of Official Financing Matter? The World Economy, 35(11), 1448–1472. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2012.01455.x
    Dumke, H. (1997). Anfänge der deutschen staatlichen Entwicklungspolitik: Eine Korrektur des politischen Bildes [Beginnings of German State Development Policy: A Correction of the Political Image]. Sankt Augustin: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung.
    Eberstadt, N. (1988). Foreign Aid and American Purpose. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research.
    Engel, S. (2017). Germany’s Government-Civil Society Development Cooperation Strategy: The Dangers of the Middle of the Road. Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 9(1), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v9i1.4942
    Faust, J. (2011). Donor Transparency and Aid Allocation, Discussion Paper, No. 12/2011. Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE).
    https://www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/DP_12.2011.pdf
    Faust, J., & Ziaja, S. (2012). German Aid Allocation and Partner Country Selection: Development-Orientation, Self-Interests and Path Dependency, Discussion Paper, No. 7/2012. Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). https://www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/DP_7.2012.pdf
    Flahaux, M.-L., & De Haas, H. (2016). African Migration: Trends, Patterns, Drivers. Comparative Migration Studies, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-015-0015-6
    109
    Gates, S., & Hoeffler, A. (2004). Global Aid Allocation: Are Nordic Donors Different? - CSAE Working Paper 2004-34. Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford. http://www.csae.ox.ac.uk/materials/papers/2004-34text.pdf
    Gibney, M., Cornett, L., Wood, R., Haschke, P., Arnon, D., Pisanò, A., Barrett, G., & Park, B. (2020). The Political Terror Scale 1976-2019. http://www.politicalterrorscale.org/Data/Download.html
    Gilpin, R. (1987). The Political Economy of International Relations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    Gisselquist, R. M. (2012). Good governance as a concept, and why this matters for development policy, WIDER Working Paper, No. 2012/30. The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER). https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/81039/1/688432662.pdf
    GIZ. (n.d.). Profil: Im Einsatz für nachhaltige Entwicklung [Profile: On Mission for Sustainable Development].
    https://www.giz.de/de/ueber_die_giz/1689.html
    Glennie, J., & Sumner, A. (2016). Aid, Growth and Poverty. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
    Gulrajani, N. (2011). Transcending the Great Foreign Aid Debate: Managerialism, Radicalism and the Search for Aid Effectiveness. Third World Quarterly, 32(2), 199–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2011.560465
    Hattori, T. (2001). Reconceptualizing Foreign Aid. Review of International Political Economy, 8(4), 633–660. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290110077610
    Hoeffler, A., & Outram, V. (2011). Need, Merit, or Self-Interest—What Determines the Allocation of Aid? Review of Development Economics, 15(2), 237–250. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2011.00605.x
    Hook, S. W. (1995). National Interest and Foreign Aid. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
    Huntington, S. P. (1970). Foreign Aid for What and for Whom. Foreign Policy, 1, 161–189. https://doi.org/10.2307/1147894
    110
    Jolly, R. (2007). Inequality in Historical Perspective. In G. Mavrotas & A. Shorrocks (Eds.), Advancing Development: Core Themes in Global Economics (pp. 63–73). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
    Kassar, H., & Dourgnon, P. (2014). The Big Crossing: Illegal Boat Migrants in the Mediterranean. European Journal of Public Health, 24, 11–15. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cku099
    Kevenhörster, P., & Boom, D. van den. (2009). Entwicklungspolitik [Development Policy]. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
    KfW. (2021). KfW - Impressum and Disclaimer [KfW - Imprint and Disclaimer]. https://www.kfw.de/KfW-Konzern/Impressum.html
    Klees, S. J. (2010). Aid, Development, and Education. Current Issues in Comparative Education, 13(1), 7–28. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ934760.pdf
    Knorr, K. (1973). Power and Wealth: The Political Economy of International Power. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
    Korte, K.-R. (2019). Die Bundestagswahl 2017: Ein Plebiszit über die Flüchtlingspolitik [The 2017 Federal Election: A Plebiscite on Refugee Policy]. In K.-R. Korte & J. Schoofs (Eds.), Die Bundestagswahl 2017: Analysen der Wahl-, Parteien-, Kommunikations- und Regierungsforschung [The 2017 Bundestag Election: Analyses of Election, Party, Communication, and Government Research] (pp. 1–19). Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
    Kropp, S., & Sturm, R. (1998). Koalitionen und Koalitionsvereinbarungen: Theorie, Analyse und Dokumentation [Coalitions and Coalition Agreements: Theory, Analysis and Documentation]. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien.
    Lee, E. S. (1966). A Theory of Migration. Demography, 3(1), 47–57. https://doi.org/10.2307/2060063
    Lensink, R., & White, H. (2000). Aid Allocation, Poverty Reduction and the Assessing Aid Report. Journal of International Development, 12(3), 399–412. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1328(200004)12%3A3%3C399%3A%3AAID-JID658%3E3.0.CO%3B2-5
    111
    Liska, G. (1960). The New Statecraft—Foreign Aid in American Foreign Policy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
    Lloyd, T., McGillivray, M., Morrissey, O., & Osei, R. (2000). Does Aid Create Trade? An Investigation for European Donors and African Recipients. The European Journal of Development Research, 12(1), 107–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/09578810008426754
    Maizels, A., & Nissanke, M. K. (1984). Motivations for Aid to Developing Countries. World Development, 12(9), 879–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(84)90046-9
    Martínez-Zarzoso, I., Klasen, S., & Johannsen, F. (2016). Does German Development Aid Boost German Exports and German Employment? A Sectoral Level Analysis. Journal of Economics and Statistics, 236(1), 71–94. https://doi.org/10.1515/jbnst-2015-1003
    Martínez-Zarzoso, I., Nowak-Lehmann, F., Klasen, S., & Larch, M. (2009). Does German Development Aid Promote German Exports? German Economic Review, 10(3), 317–338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2008.00458.x
    Maurits van der Veen, A. (2011). Ideas, interests and Foreign Aid. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    McGillivray, M. (1989). The Allocation of Aid Among Developing Countries: A Multi-Donor Analysis Using a per Capita Aid Index. World Development, 17(4), 561–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(89)90262-3
    McKinlay, R. D. (1978). The German Aid Relationship: A Test of the Recipient Need and the Donor Interest Models of the Distribution of German Bilateral Aid 1961-70. European Journal of Political Research, 6, 235–257.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.1978.tb01259.x
    McKinlay, R. D. (1979). The Aid Relationship: A Foreign Policy Model and Interpretation of the Distributions of Official Bilateral Economic Aid of the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany, 1960–1970. Comparative Political Studies, 11(4), 411–464. https://doi.org/10.1177/001041407901100401
    Messner, D. (2011). Entwicklungspolitik als globale Strukturpolitik [Development Policy as Global Structural Policy]. In T. Jäger, A. Höse, & K. Oppermann (Eds.), Deutsche Außenpolitik [German Foreign Policy] (2nd ed., pp. 414–442). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag.
    112
    Mlambo, C., Kushamba, A., & Simawu, M. B. (2016). China-Africa Relations: What Lies Beneath? The Chinese Economy, 49(4), 257–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2016.1179023
    Moreira da Silva, J. (2018). Germany Mid-term Review. Paris: OECD Development Assistance Committee. https://www.oecd.org/dac/peer-reviews/Germany-2018-Mid-term-review.pdf
    Morgenthau, H. (1962). A Political Theory of Foreign Aid. The American Political Science Review, 56(2), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.2307/1952366
    MPI. (2019a). Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination, mid-2019 Estimates. Migration Policy Institute. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/immigrant-and-emigrant-populations-country-origin-and-destination?width=1000&height=850&iframe=true
    MPI. (2019b). International Migrant Population and Migrant Share of Total Population, Top 25 Countries of Destination, 2010. Migration Policy Institute. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/top-25-destinations-international-migrants
    Neumayer, E. (2003). Do Human Rights Matter in Bilateral Aid Allocation? A Quantitative Analysis of 21 Donor Countries. Social Science Quarterly, 84(3), 650–666. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6237.8403010
    Niedermayer, O. (2017). Die Bundestagswahl 2017: Ein schwarzer Tag für die Volksparteien [The 2017 Federal Election: A Dark Day for the Mainstream Parties]. GWP – Gesellschaft. Wirtschaft. Politik, 4, 465–470. https://doi.org/10.3224/gwp.v66i4.01
    Noel, A., & Therien, J.-P. (1995). From Domestic to International Justice: The Welfare State and Foreign Aid. International Organization, 49(3), 523–553. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300033373
    Nowak-Lehmann, F., Martínez-Zarzoso, I., Klasen, S., & Herzer, D. (2009). Aid and Trade – A Donor’s Perspective. The Journal of Development Studies, 45(7), 1184–1202. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380902952407
    113
    Nunnenkamp, P., & Öhler, H. (2011). Aid Allocation through Various Official and Private Channels: Need, Merit, and Self-Interest as Motives of German Donors. World Development, 39(3), 308–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.08.001
    Nuscheler, F. (2007). Entwicklungspolitik [Development Policy]. In S. Schmidt, G. Hellmann, & R. Wolf (Eds.), Handbuch zur deutschen Außenpolitik [Dictionary of German Foreign Policy] (pp. 672–683). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
    OECD. (2005). Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/paris-declaration-on-aid-effectiveness_97 89264098084-en?_ga=2.32424568.752844201.1624793301-1290511866.1591002787
    OECD. (2020). Aid by DAC members increases in 2019 with more aid to the poorest countries. https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/ODA-2019-detailed-summary.pdf
    OECD. (2021a). ODA disbursements to countries and regions [DAC2a]. https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?datasetcode=TABLE2A
    OECD. (2021b). OECD iLibrary—Development Co-operation Profiles—Germany. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/0079f636-en/index.html?itemId=/content/compone nt/5e331623-en&_csp_=b14d4f60505d057b456dd1730d8fcea3&itemIGO=oecd&item ContentType=chapter
    Pankaj, A. K. (2005). Revisiting Foreign Aid Theories. International Studies, 42(2), 103–121. https://doi.org/10.1177/002088170404200201
    Riddell, R. C. (2007). Does Foreign Aid Really Work? New York: Oxford University Press.
    Rose, G. (1998). Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy. World Politics, 51(1), 144–172. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25054068
    Scholz, I. (2014). BMZ Charter for the Future – New Development Goals, The Current Column of 24 November 2014. Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). https://www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/German_Development_Institute_Scholz_24.11. 2014.pdf
    114
    Scholz, I., Keijzer, N., & Richerzhagen, C. (2016). Promoting the Sustainable Development Goals in Germany, Discussion Paper, No. 13/2016. Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). https://www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/DP_13.2016.pdf
    Schraeder, P. J., Hook, S. W., & Taylor, B. (1998). Clarifying the Foreign Aid Puzzle: A Comparison of American, Japanese, French, and Swedish Aid Flows. World Politics, 50(2), 294–323. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043887100008121
    Statistisches Bundesamt. (2020). Foreign Trade Ranking of Germany’s Trading Partners in Foreign Trade (Preliminary Results) 2019. Wiesbaden: Statistisches Bundesamt.40
    Statistisches Bundesamt. (2021a). 12521-0002: Ausländer: Deutschland, Stichtag, Geschlecht/Altersjahre/Familienstand, Ländergruppierungen/Staatsangehörigkeit [12521-0002: Foreigners: Germany, Reference Date, Sex/Age/Marital Status, Country Groupings/Citizenship]. Statistisches Bundesamt [Federal Statistical Office]. https://www-genesis.destatis.de/ge nesis/online?operation=previous&levelindex=1&st ep=1&titel=Tabellenaufbau&levelid=1622532233771&acceptscookies=false#abreadcrumb
    Statistisches Bundesamt. (2021b). 51000-0003: Aus- und Einfuhr (Außenhandel): Deutschland, Jahre, Länder [51000-0003: Exports and Imports (Foreign Trade): Germany, Years, Countries]. Statistisches Bundesamt [Federal Statistical Office]. https://www-genesis.destatis. de/genesis/online?operation=table&code=51000-0003&bypass=true&levelindex=0&l evelid=1621363186326#abreadcrumb
    Sturm, R. (2014). Die Regierungsbildung nach der Bundestagswahl 2013: Lagerübergreifend und langwierig [The Government Formation After the 2013 Federal Election: Cross-Camp and Protracted]. Zeitschrift Für Parlamentsfragen, 45(1), 207–230. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24242771
    Svensson, J. (1999). Aid, Growth and Democracy. Economics & Politics, 11(3), 275–297. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0343.00062
    40 The document is not available online anymore. It can be provided at request.
    115
    Thurich, E. (2011). Pocket Politik: Demokratie in Deutschland [Pocket Politics: Democracy in Germany] (4th ed.). Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung.
    Todaro, M. P. (1969). A Model of Labor Migration and Urban Unemployment in Less Developed Countries. The American Economic Review, 59(1), 138–148. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1811100
    Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2015). Economic Development (12th Edition). Boston, MA: Pearson.
    Transparency International. (2021). Corruption Perceptions Index. https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2018/index/dnk
    UNCTAD. (2021a). UN list of least developed countries.
    https://unctad.org/topic/least-developed-countries/list
    UNCTAD. (2021b). UN recognition of the least developed countries. https://unctad.org/topic/least-developed-countries/recognition#:~:text=Six%20countrie s%20have%20so%20far,toward%20graduation%20from%20LDC%20status.
    UNDP. (2019a). Human Development Report 2019. New York, NY: United Nations Development Programme.
    http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2019.pdf
    UNDP. (2019b). The 2019 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). New York: United Nations Development Programme and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative.
    http://hdr.undp.org/en/2019-MPI
    UNDP. (2020a). Human Development Index (HDI).
    http://hdr.undp.org/en/indicators/137506
    UNDP. (2020b). Human Development Index (HDI) - Data Center. http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-index-hdi
    United Nations. (2021). LDCs at a Glance. United Nations - Department of Economic and Social Affairs. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-category/ldcs-at-a-glance.html
    116
    Varieties of Democracy. (2021). V-Dem Dataset—Version 11.1.
    https://www.v-dem.net/en/data/data/v-dem-dataset-v111/
    WHO. (2019). World hunger is still not going down after three years and obesity is still growing – UN report. https://www.who.int/news/item/15-07-2019-world-hunger-is-still-not-going-down-after-three-years-and-obesity-is-still-growing-un-report
    Wohlforth, W. C. (2008). Realism. In C. Reus-Smit & D. Snidal (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Relations. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199219322.003.0007
    Woods, N. (2008). Whose Aid? Whose Influence? China, Emerging Donors and the Silent Revolution in Development Assistance. International Affairs, 84(6), 1205–1221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2008.00765.x
    Worbs, S., Rother, N., & Kreienbrink, A. (2019). Syrische Migranten in Deutschland als bedeutsame neue Bevölkerungsgruppe [Syrian Migrants in Germany as a Significant New Population Group]. Informationsdienst Soziale Indikatoren, 61, 2–6. https://doi.org/10.15464/isi.61.2019.2-6
    World Bank. (2014). Poverty and Health. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/health/brief/poverty-health
    World Bank. (2019). Accelerating Poverty Reduction in Africa: In Five Charts. https://www.worldbank.org/en/region/afr/publication/accelerating-poverty-reduction-in-africa-in-five-charts
    World Bank. (2021a). Data Catalog—Rule of Law: Estimate. https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/rule-law-estimate
    World Bank. (2021b). Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)—Germany. World Bank Open Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS?locations=DE
    World Bank. (2021c). Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births). World Bank Open Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.IMRT.IN
    World Bank. (2021d). Primary education, pupils. World Bank Open Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.PRM.ENRL
    117
    World Bank. (2021e). World Development Indicators. World Bank DataBank. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators
    World Bank. (2021f). World Governance Indicators. World Bank DataBank. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/worldwide-governance-indicators
    Woyke, W. (2020). Koaltion [Coalition]. In U. Andersen, J. Bogumil, S. Marschall, & W. Woyke (Eds.), Handwörterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland [Dictionary of the Political System of the Federal Republic of Germany]. Wiesbaden: Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-23670-0_67-1
    Younas, J. (2008). Motivation for Bilateral Aid Allocation: Altruism or Trade Benefits. European Journal of Political Economy, 24(3), 661–674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2008.05.003
    Zanger, S. C. (2000). Good Governance and European Aid: The Impact of Political Conditionality. European Union Politics, 1(3), 293–317. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465116500001003002
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS)
    108862007
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108862007
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202101022
    Appears in Collections:[International Master`s Program in International Studies] Theses

    Files in This Item:

    File Description SizeFormat
    200701.pdf1840KbAdobe PDF252View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback