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| Title: | 工作經歷對於薪資影響:公私部門、不同階級與年齡層之比較
The Effects of Work Experience on Wage: Comparison of Public and Private Sectors, Supervisor and Worker Classes, and Different Age Groups |
| Authors: | 林宥安
Lin, Yu-An |
| Contributors: | 胡力中
Hu, Li-Chung
林宥安
Lin, Yu-An |
| Keywords: | 工作經歷
勞動市場
薪資
先前經驗
職業經驗
公司年資
年齡層
Work experience
Labor market
Wage
Previous experience
Occupational experience
Firm tenure
Age groups |
| Date: | 2023 |
| Issue Date: | 2023-08-02 14:24:39 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 近年來，臺灣工作者轉換工作場所的比率有逐漸上升的跡象，這可能代表臺灣工作場所的不穩定，也可能意味者轉換工作場所成為臺灣工作者的主要職涯策略。而關於工作的研究，多從家庭背景和教育等方面分析工作與個人之間的關係，或從職業的結構流動說明工作機會的不同。但這些卻忽略職涯因為是由一連串不同的工作所組成，故每次工作所累積的經驗，將會成為下一份工作的人力資本。因此，本文以工作經歷為重點進行研究，並依據林大森、蔡瑞明（2002）的人對於工作經歷的區分，將工作經歷分為：先前經驗（PE）、職業經驗（OE）、公司年資（FT），並以2017年的資料為基礎，探討這20年來，臺灣勞動市場的改變下，是否造成勞動者的工作經歷對於薪資的影響會有所不同？在勞動市場區隔下，公私部門、主管與勞工階級的分別有甚麼不同？並且按照勞動部對於青年就業調查以及我國對於中高齡者工作年齡的劃分，將樣本分為三個階層：29歲以前、30-44歲以及45歲以後，以此探討在不同的年齡層下，是否不同的工作經歷對於薪資有不同的影響？
就研究結果而言，2017年工作者的公司年資（FT）開始對於薪資有顯著影響，但是仍舊以職業經驗（OE）為工作者主要提升薪資的工作經歷。而在區分不同部門以及不同工作階級下，公司年資主要影響私部門、勞工階級，且與薪資呈現非線性相關。故進一步區分不同年齡層後，公司年資對於45歲以前的工作薪資呈現負相關，說明對於臺灣工作者而言，挾帶工作經歷轉換公司以獲取更高的薪資是主要策略。與此同時，先前經驗（PE）與職業經驗（OE）都對於薪資是顯著正相關，也說明臺灣工作者在45歲以前仍有可能更換職業。此外，不同年齡層下的主管階級與公部門的工作經歷影響都較低，也說明他們與大部份工作者累積工作經歷的不同。
本文希望可以通過對於工作經歷的區分，說明臺灣工作者工作經歷累積的複雜性以及工作者在近年來追求薪資的策略。補足過往僅止於部分工作經歷的探討，並進一步提出關於工作經歷未來可能可以展現的方向。
In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in the rate of job transitions among workers in Taiwan. This may indicate instability in Taiwan`s job market or the adoption of job switching as a primary career strategy by Taiwanese workers. Previous research on work has often focused on analyzing the relationship between work and individuals based on factors such as family background and education, or studying the different job opportunities within occupational structures. However, these studies have overlooked the fact that careers are composed of a series of different jobs, and the accumulated experience from each job becomes an individual`s human capital for their next job. Therefore, this study focuses on examining the impact of work experiences and categorizes them into Previous Experience , Occupational Experience, and Firm Tenure based on the framework proposed by Lin and Tsai (2002). Using data from 2017, the study investigates whether changes in Taiwan`s labor market over the past 20 years have led to different effects of work experiences on wages. It also examines how work experiences differ among different sectors (public vs. private) and job levels (management vs. labor). Furthermore, the study divides the sample into three age groups: younger than 29, between 30 and 44, and older than 45, based on the youth employment survey conducted by the Ministry of Labor and the age classifications for older workers in Taiwan, to explore whether the effects of work experiences on wages differ among different age groups.
The results indicate that Firm Tenure started to have a significant impact on wages in 2017, but Occupational Experience remained the primary driver for wage increases among workers. When examining different sectors and job levels, Firm Tenure mainly affected the private sector and labor level, showing a non-linear relationship with wages. Further differentiating by age groups, Firm Tenure had a negative correlation with wages for workers younger than 45, suggesting that Taiwanese workers rely on job switching to obtain higher wages before the age of 45. Additionally, both Previous Experience and Occupational Experience were positively correlated with wages, indicating that Taiwanese workers below the age of 45 still have the possibility of changing occupations. The influence of work experiences on wages was relatively low for managerial positions and the public sector across different age groups, indicating differences in work experience accumulation between these groups and the majority of workers.
This study aims to demonstrate the complexity of work experience accumulation and the wage-seeking strategies of Taiwanese workers in recent years by categorizing work experiences. It provides a more comprehensive understanding compared to previous studies that have only focused on specific aspects of work experiences. The study also suggests future directions for the exploration of work experiences. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
社會學系
107254017 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107254017 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [社會學系] 學位論文
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