政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/30069
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文笔数/总笔数 : 109952/140891 (78%)
造访人次 : 46238044      在线人数 : 1129
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜寻范围 查询小技巧：
  • 您可在西文检索词汇前后加上"双引号"，以获取较精准的检索结果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜寻，建议至进阶搜寻限定作者字段，可获得较完整数据
    •  进阶搜寻


    请使用永久网址来引用或连结此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/30069


    题名: 網路拍賣之招標策略與消費者投標行為之研究-以eBay為例
    An Investigation into the Auction Strategy and Bidder’s Bidding Behavior in Online Auctions:
    作者: 沈宗奇
    Shen,Chung-Chi
    贡献者: 邱志聖
    郭炳伸
    Chiou, Jyh-Shen
    Kuo, Biing-Shen
    沈宗奇
    Shen,Chung-Chi
    关键词: 拍賣
    電子商務
    Auction
    Electronic commerce
    Signal
    Feedback
    日期: 2005
    上传时间: 2009-09-11 17:10:05 (UTC+8)
    摘要: Past studies have confirmed the importance of reputation in online auction. However, the marginal return to sellers’ feedback rating may be declined after some point in which many sellers have been cumulating certain feedback, and the diagnostic role of reputation for buyers to diminish asymmetric information may lessen. Therefore, besides reputation signal, what potential signals that bidders tend to rely on making purchasing decision in online scenario may need further exploration. Moreover, the heterogeneity of auctioned items may strengthen information asymmetry therein, bidders may perceive higher value for the signals provided by sellers which efficiently reduce transaction risk and facilitate their bidding decision. The purposes of our research are then to investigate the formation process of sellers’ auction strategy and the impacts of four types of signals delivering on the web-page on auction outcomes.
    The data sets used for empirical estimates were coded from eBay auction site United States and Taiwan. Results show that signals such as sellers’ reputation, auction format, product condition, and arguments presented on the web page are significantly related to three outcome variables: number of bids, possibility of auction success and willingness to pay. In addition, we also exhibited that the formation of bidders auction strategy depends upon how many value signals that they possess. Finally, there is evidence in support of the degree of signals on bidders’ need for information is different under product usage status classified. Bidders are inclined to reward more for the signals when being an auction for the used products which have greater uncertainty on its actual performance. We conclude with a discussion of the practical implications of our research findings for online auction and suggestion of future study.
    參考文獻: Ahluwalia, R. and Zeynep Gurhan-Canli (2000), “The Effects of Extensions on The Family Brand Name: An Accessibility-Diagnosticity Perspective,” Journal of Consumer Research, 27(3), 371-380.
    Alba, Joseph W. and J. Wesley Hutchinson (1987), “Dimensions of Consumer Expertise,” Journal of Consumer Research, 13 (4), 411-454.
    Akerlof, G.. (1970), “The Market for “Lemons; Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism,” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 84, 488-500.
    Andreoni, J. and J. Miller (1995), “Auctions with Artificial Adaptive Agents,” Games and Economic Behavior, 10 (1), 39-64.
    Arrow, Kenneth J. (1971). Essays in the Theory of Risk-Bearing. New York, NY: North-Holland Publishing Company.
    Arrow, Kenneth J. (1985). "The Economics of Agency" (pp.37-51). In Principals and Agents: The Structure of Business, edited by John W. Pratt and Richard J. Zeckhauser. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
    Ba, Sulin and Paul A. Pavlou. (2002), “Evidence of the Effect of Trust Building Technology in Electronic Markets: Price Premiums and Buyer Behavior,” MIS Quarterly, 23 (3) 243-268.
    Bajari, R., A. Hortacsu. (2000), “Winner’s Curse, Reserve Prices, and Endogenous Entry: Empirical Insights from eBay Auctions,” Working paper, Stanford University, available on http://www-econ.stanford,edu/faculty/workp/swp00004.pdf.
    Bapna, R., Paulo Goes, Alok Gupta, & Gilbert Karuga, (2002), “Optimal Design of the Online Auction Channel: Analytical, Empirical, and Computational Insights,” Decision Sciences, 33 (4), 557-67.
    Bajari, Patrick, and Ali Hortacsu, (2006), Cyberspace Auction and Pricing Issues: A Review of Empirical Findings. In New Economy Handbook. ed. Derek C. Jones. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
    Bajari, Patrick and Ali Hortacsu, (2004), “Economic Insights from Internet Auctions,” Journal of Economic Literature, 42 (2), 457-485.
    Maskin, Eeic, John Riley (1984), “Optimal Auctions with Risk Averse Buyers,” Econometrica, 52 (6), 1473-1518.
    Massad, V. J. and J. M. Tucker (2000), “Comparing Bidding and Pricing between In-Person and Online Auctions,” Journal of Product and Brand Management, 9, 325-332.
    Masten, Scott E. (1988), “Equity, Opportunism, and the Design of Contractual Relations,” Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 144 (1), 180-95.
    Maheswaran, D., Sternthal, B., and Gürhan, Z. (1996), “Acquisition and Impact of Consumer Expertise,” Journal of Consumer Psychology, 5 (2), 115-134.
    Maynard-Smith, John and David Harper (2003), Animal signals. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
    McAfee, R. P. and J. McMillan (1987), “Auctions and Bidding,” Journal Economic Literature, 25 (2), 699-738.
    McDonald, C. and V. C. Slawson (2002), “Reputation in an Internet Auction Market,” Economic Inquiry, 40 (4), 633-650.
    McQuivey, J. L., Delhagen, K., and Levin, K. (1998), Retail`s Growth Spiral. Cambridge, MA : Forrester Research.
    Melnik, Mikhail I., and James Alm (2002), “Reputation in an Internet Auction Market,” Economic Inquiry, 40, 633-50.
    Mikhail, Mikhail I and James Alm (2005), “Seller Reputation, Information Signals, and Prices for Heterogeneous Coins on eBay,” Southern Economic Journal, 72 (2), 305-328.
    Rajendran, K. N. and G. J. Tellis (1994). “Contextual and Temporal Components of Reference Price,” Journal of Marketing, 58 (1), 22-34.
    Milgrom, P. and Roberts, J. (1986), “Price and Advertising Signals of Product Quality,” Journal of Political Economy, 94 (4), 796-821.
    Milgrom, Paul (1989), “Auctions and Bidding: A Primer,” Journal of Economic Perspectives , 3 (3), 3-22.
    Mishra, D. P., Jan B Heide, and Stanton G Cort (1998), “Information Asymmetry and Levels of Agency Relationships,” Journal of Marketing Research, 35 (3), 277-295.
    Mitchell, V. W., F. Davies, L. Moutinho, and V. Vasson (1999), “Using Neural Networks to Understand Service Risk in the Holiday Product,” Journal of Business Research, 46, 167-180.
    Moorman, Christine, Rohit Deshpande, and Gerald Zaltman (1993), “Factors Affecting Trust in Market Research Relationships,” Journal of Marketing, 57 (1), 81-101.
    Nelson, P., (1974), “Advertising as Information,” Journal of Political Economy, 82 (4), 729-754.
    Neumann, Peter G. (1997), “Identity-Related Misuse,” Communications of the ACM, 40 (7), 112-112.
    Olson, Jerry C. (1977), “Price as an Informational Cue: Effects on Product Evaluations,” in Consumer and Industrial Buying Behavior. Arch G. Woodside, Jagdish N. Sheth, and Peter D. Bennett, eds., Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company, 267-286.
    Pekec, Alesandar and Michael H. Rothkopf (2003), “Combinational Auction Design,’ Management Science, 49 (11), 1485-1503.
    Perry, M. and Perry, A. (1976), “Service Contract Compared to Warranty: A Means to Reduce Consumer’s risk,” Journal of Retailing, 52, 33-40.
    Richins, Marsha L., (1983), “Negative Word-of-Mouth by Dissatisfied Consumers: A Pilot Study,” Journal of Marketing, 47 (1), 68-78.
    Peter, P. and Lawrence X. Tarpey (1975), “A Comparative Analysis of Three Consumer Decision Strategies: Introduction,” Journal of Consumer Research, 2 (1), 29-37.
    Petty, R. E. and Cacioppo, J. T. (1986), Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. New York: Springer-Verlag.
    Pinker, Edieal J., Abraham Seidmann, and Yaniv Vakrat (2003), “Managing Online Auction: Current Business and Research Issues,” Management Science, 49 (11), 1457-1484.
    Rao, Akshay R. and Humaira Mahi (2003), “The Price of Launching a New Product: Empirical Evidence on Factors Affecting The Relative Magnitude of Slotting Allowances,” Marketing Science, 22 (2), 246-268
    Reiley, David (2005), “Field Experiments on the Effects of Reserve Prices in Auctions: More Magic on the Internet,” Working Paper, University of Arizona.
    Resnick, P., R. Zeckhauser, E. Friedman, and K. Kuwabara (2000), “Reputation Systems,” Communications of the ACM, 43 (12), 45-48.
    Resnick, P., and Zeckhauser, R. (2002), “Trust Among Strangers in Internet Transactions: Empirical Analysis of eBay’s Reputation Systems,” in The Economics of the Internet and E-Commerce, M. R. Baye ed.. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, pp.127-57.
    Riley, J. G. and W. F. Samuelson (1981), “Optimal Auctions,” The American Economic Review, 71 (6), 381-392.
    Ring, P. S. and Andrew H. Ven de Ven (1992), “Structuring Cooperative Relationships Bentween Organization,” Strategic Management Journal, 13 (7), 483-489.
    Rousseau, Denise M. (1995), Psychological Contracts in Organizations: Understanding Written and Unwritten Agreements. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
    Samuelson, W. F. and M. H. Bazerman (1985), “The Winner’s Curse in Bilateral Negotiation,” Research in Experimental Economics, 3, 105-137.
    Schmalensee, R. (1978) “A Model of Advertising and Market Structure,” Journal of Political Economy, 86, 485-503
    Shimp, T. A., and Bearden, W. O.(1982), “Warranty and Other Extrinsic Cue Effects on Consumers’ Risk Perceptions,” Journal of Consumer Research, 9 (June), 38-46.
    Shrum, W. and Wuthnow, Robert (1988), “Reputational Status of Organizations in Technical Systems,” The American Journal of Sociology, 93 (4), 882-912.
    Skowronski, John J. and Carlston, Donal E. (1989), “Negativity and Extremity Biases in Impression Formation: A Review of Explanations,” Psychological Bulletin, 105 (1), 131.
    Baranoff, Etti G. (2004), “Risk Management: A Focus on a More Holistic Approach Three Years After September 11,” Journal of Insurance Regulation, 22 (4), 71-81.
    Spence, M. (1973): “Job Market Signaling,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87 (3), 355--374.
    Standifird, S. (2001), “Reputation and e-Commerce: eBay Auctions and the Asymmetrical Impact of Positive and Negative Ratings,” Journal of Management, 27 (3), 279-295.
    Staw, B. M., (1981), “The Escalation of Commitment to a Course of Action,” Academy of Management Review, 6, 577-587.
    Swan, J. E., and Nolan, J. J. (1985), “Gaining Customer Trust: A Conceptual Guide ofr the Salesperson,” Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, 5, 39-48.
    Tellis, Gerard J. and Gary G. Gaeth (1990), “Best-Value, Price-Seeking and Price Aversion: The Impact of Information and Learning on Consumer Choices,” Journal of Marketing, 54 (April), 34-45.
    Thaler, R. H. (1992), The Winner’s Curse Paradoxes and Anomalies of Economic Life. New York: Maxwell Macmillan International.
    Vickrey W. (1961), “Counterspeculation, Aauctions and Competitive Sealed Tenders,” Journal of Finance, 16 (1), 8-37.
    Vincent, D. R. (1995), “Bidding Off the Wall: Why Reserve Prices may be Kept Secret,” Journal of Economic Theory, 65, 575-584.
    Waehrer, K., Harstad, R. M.and Rothkopf, M. H. (1998), “Auction Form Preferences of Risk-Averse Bidtakers,” Rand Journal of Economics, 29, 179-192.
    Watson, J. (2003), Strategy- An Introduction to Game Theory. New York: Norton.
    Berry, David. (1995), “You’ve Got to Pay to Play: Photovoltaic and Transaction Costs,” The Electricity Journal, 8 (2), 42-49.
    Wathne, Kenneth H. and Jan B Heide (2000), “Opportunism in Interfirm Relationships: Forms, Outcomes, and Solutions,” Journal of Marketing, 64 (4), 36
    Weigelt, K. and Camerer, Colin (1988), “Reputation and Corporate Strategy : A Review of Recent Theory and Applications,” Strategic Management Journal, 9 (5), 443-454.
    Wilcox, R. T. (2000), “Expects and Amateurs: The Role of Experience in Internet Auctions,” Marketing Letters, 11, 363-374.
    Williamson, O. E. (1993), “Calculativeness, Trust, and Economic Organization,” Journal of Law and Economics,” 36 (1), 453-486.
    Yi, You-Jae (1990), “Cognitive and Affective Priming Effects of the Context for Print Advertisements,” Journal of Advertising, 19 (2), 40-49.
    Zaheer, A., B. McEvily, and V. Perrone (1998), “Does Trust Matter? Exploring the Effects of Interorganizational and Interpersonal Trust of Performance,” Organization Science, 9 (2), 141-159.
    Zeithaml, V. A. (1988), “Consumer Perception of Price, Quality and Value: A Means End Model and Synthesis of Evidence,” Journal of Marketing, 52, 13-30.
    Bettman, J. R., (1973), “Perceived Risks and Its Components: A Model and Empirical Test,” Journal of Marketing Research, 10 (2), 184-190.
    Biswas, Dipayan and Abhuit Biswas (2004), “The Diagnostic Role of Signals in the Contest of Perceived Risks in Online Shopping: Do Signals Matter More on the Web?” Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18 (3), 30-45.
    Bloch, H. P., Sherrell, L. Daniel and Ridgway, M. Nancy (1986), “Consumer Search: An Extended Framework,” Journal of Consumer Research, 13 (1), 119-126.
    Bone, Paula Fitzgerald (1995), “Word-of-Mouth Effects on Short-Term and Long-Term Product Judgments,” Journal of Business Research, 32 (3), 213-223.
    Brint, AT (2003), “Investing Buyer and Seller Strategies in Online Auctions,” Journal of the Operational Research Society, 54 (2), 1177-1188.
    Brown, J. R. and Austan Goolsbee. (2002), “Does the Internet Make Markets More Competitive? Evidence from the Life Insurance Industry,” The Journal of Political Economy, 110 (3), 481-507.
    Brucks, Merrie (1985), “The Effects of Product Class Knowledge on Information Search Behavior,” Journal of Consumer Research, 12 (June), 1-16
    Brynjolfsson, E. and Smith, M. D., (2000), “Frictionless Commerce? A Comparison of Internet and Conventional Retailers,” Management Science, 46 (4), 563-585.
    Cannon, Joseph P. and Christian Homburg. (2001), “Buyers-Supplier Relationships and Customer Firm Costs,” Journal of Marketing, 65 (1), 29-43.
    Capen, E. C. and R. W. Clapp (1971), “Competitive Bidding in High-Risk Situation,” Journal of Petroeum Technology, 23, 641-653.
    Chiou, Jyh-Shen and Cathy Cheng (2003), “Should a Company have Message Boards on Its Web Sites?” Journal of Interactive Marketing, 17 (3), 50-61.
    Coleman, R. (1990). Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, MA: Belkmap Press.
    Cox, D. F., and S. J. Rich (1964), “Perceived Risk and Consumer Decision Marking,” Journal of Marketing Research, 1 (November), 32-39.
    Dasgupta, P. (1988), “Trust as a Commodity,” in Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations, D. Gambetta (ed), Basil Blackwell, Inc., Oxford, UK.
    Dawar, N. and P. Parker (1994), “Marketing Universals: Consumers’ Use of Brand Name, Price, Physical Appearance, and Retailer Reputation as Signals of Product Quality,” Journal of Marketing, 58 (April), 81-95.
    Dellarocas, C., (2000), “The design of reliable trust management systems for electronic trading communities,” Working paper, Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, http://ccs.mit.edu.dell.trustmgt.pdf.
    Dewan, Sanjeev and Vernon Hsu (2004), “Adverse Selection in Electronic Markets: Evidence from Online Stamp Auctions,” The Journal of Industrial Economics, 52 (4), 497-516.
    Doney, P. M., and Cannon P. (1997), “An Examination of the Nature of Trust in Buyer-Seller Relationships,” Journal of marketing (61), April, pp. 35-51
    Donthu, N. and Garcia, A. (1999), “the Internet Shopper,” Journal of Advertising Research, 39(3), 52-58.
    Dowally, Michael and Louis Ederington (2006), “Reputation, Certification, Warranties, and Information as Remedies for Seller-Buyer Information Asymmetries: Lessons from the Online Comic Book Market,” Journal of Business, 79 (21), 693-729.
    Dowling, G. R. and Staelin, R. (1994), “A Model of Perceived Risk and Intended Risk-handling Activity,” Journal of Consumer Research, 21(June), 119-134.
    Dwyer, F. Robert, Schurr, Paul H. and Oh, Sejo. (1987), “Developing Buyer-Seller Relationships,” Journal of Marketing, 51(2), 11-27.
    Eisenhardt, Kathleen M. (1989), “Agency Theory: An Assessment and Review,” Academy of Management Review, 14 (January), 57-74.
    Erdem, T. and J. Swait (1998), “Brand Equity as a Signaling Phenomenon,” Journal of Consumer Psychology, 7 (2), 131-157.
    Farrell, J. and Matthew Rabin (1996), “Cheap Talk,” The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10 (3), 103-118.
    Feldman, Jack M. and John G. Lynch, Jr. (1988), “Self-Generated Validity and Other Effects of Measurement on Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 73 (August), 421–435.
    Fudenberg, D., J. Tirole. (1991), Game Theory. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
    Fung, R., and Lee, M. (1999), “EC-Trust (Trust in Electronic Commerce): Exploring the Antecedent Factors,” in Americas Conference on Information Systems, W. D. Haseman and D.L. Nazareth (eds.), Milwaukee, WI, pp. 517-519
    Ganesan, S. (1994), “Determinats of Long-Term Orientation in Buyer-Seller Relationships,” Journal of Marketing, 58, 1-19.
    Gibbons, R. (1992), Game Theory for Applied Economists. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    Gilkeson, James H. and Kristy Reynolds (2003), “Determinants of Internet Auction Success and Closing Price: An Exploratory Study,” Psychology & Marketing, 20 (6), 537-566.
    Goetz, Charles J. and Robert E. Scott (1981), “Principles of Relational Contracts,” Virginia Law Review, 67 (6), 1089-150.
    Grewal, D., J. Gotlieb and H. Marmorstein (1994), “The Moderating Effects of Message Framing and Source Credibility on the Price-Perceived Risk Relationship,” Journal of Consumer Research, 21 (June), 145-153.
    Griesinger, Donald W. (1990), “The Human Side of Economic Organization,” The Academy of Management Review, 15 (3), 478-99.
    Guilford, T. and Dawkins, Marian Stamp (1995), “What are Conventional Signals?” Animal Behaviour, 49 (6), 1689.
    Hart, P., and Saunders, C. (1998), “Emerging Electronic Partnerships: Antecedents and Dimensions of EDI Use form Supplier’s Perspective,” Journal of Management Information Systems, 14 (4), 87-111
    Heal, Geoffrey (1976), “The Relationship Between Price and Extraction Cost for a Resource with a Backstop Technology,” Journal of Economics, 7 (2), 371-378.
    Herr, Paul M., Kardes, Frank R. and Kim, John (1991), “Effects of Word-of-Mouth and Product-Attribute Information on Persuasion: An Accessibility-Diagnosticity Perspective,” Journal of Consumer Research, 17 (4), 454-462.
    Herschlag, M. and R. Zwick, (2000), “Internet auctions: A popular and professional literature review,” Quarterly Journal of Electronic Commerce, 1 (2) 161-186.
    Holmes, John H., and Lett, John D., JR.. (1977), “Product Sampling and Word of Mouth,” Journal of Advertising Research, 17 (5), 35.
    Holt, Charles, Sherman, Roger. (1990), “Advertising and Product Quality In Posted-Offer Experiments,” Economic Inquiry, 28 (1), 39-56.
    Horstman I, and C. LaCasse (1997), “Secret Reserve Prices in a Bidding Model with a Resale Option,” The American Economic Review, 87, 663– 84.
    Houser, D., and Wooders, J. (2000), “Reputation in Auctions: Theory, and Evidence form eBay,” Working Paper, Department of Economics, University of Arizona, February, available on http://bpa.arizona.edu/~jwooders/ebay.pdf.Accessed 04/025/01
    Hunt, Shelby D. and Robert M. Morgan (1994), “Relationship Marketing in the Era of Network Competition,” Marketing Management, 3(1), 18-27.
    Kagel, J. H., (1995), “Auctions: A survey of experimental research,” In J. H. Kagel & A. E. Roth (Eds.), The handbook of experimental economics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    Kahneman, D., and Tversky, A. (1979), “Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision Under Risk,” Econometrica, 47, 263-291.
    Karkar, Rama and Lucking-Reiley (2004), “Public Versus Secret Reserve Prices in eBay Auctions: Results of a Pokemon Field Experiment,” Working Paper, University of Arizona.
    Kihlstrom, R. E., and M. H. Riordan (1984), “Advertising as a Signal,” Journal of Political Economy, 92 (3), 427-450.
    Kirmani, A., (1990), “The Effects of Perceived Advertising Costs on Brand Perceptions,” Journal of Consumer Research, 17 (September), 160-171.
    Klein, Benjamin, and Keith B. Leffler. (1981), “The Role of Market Forces in Assuring Contractual Performance,” The Journal of Political Economy, 89, 615-641.
    Klemperer, Paul (1999), “Auction Theory: A Guide to the Literature,” Journal of Economic Surveys, 13 (3), 227-86.
    Laudon, Kenneth C. and Carol G. Traver (2005), E-commerce: Business, Technology, Society. Boston: Pearson/ Addison-Westey.
    Lawson, Catherine L. (2002), “Product Quality in Electronic Commerce: An Old Problem Recast,” American Journal of Business, 17 (1), 23-31.
    Liebermann, Yehoshua and Shmuel Stashevsky (2002) “Perceived Risks as Barriers to Internet and E-commerce Usage,” Qualitative Market Research, 5 (4), 291-300.
    Livingston, Jeffrey A. (2005), “How Valuable Is a Good Reputation? A Sample Selection Model of Internet Auctions,” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 87 (3), 453-65.
    Lucking-Reiley, David (1999), “Using Field Experiments to Test Equivalence between Auction Formats,” The American Economic Review, 89 (5), 1063-1080.
    Lucking-Reiley, David, Doug Bryan, and Daniel Reeves. (2000), “Pennies from eBay: The Determinants of Price in Online Auctions,” Working paper, Vanderbilt University, available on http://www.vanderbilt.edu/econ/reiley/papers/PenniesFromEBay.pdf, accessed 08/01/05
    Lutz, N. A., (1989), “Warranties as Signals under Consumer Moral Hazard,” Rand Journal of Economics, 20 (2), 239-255.
    Mandel, N. and Johnson, E. J. (2002) “When Web Pages Influence Choice: Effects of Visual Primes on Experts and Novices,” Journal of Consumer Research, 29 (2), 235-245.
    Martin, B. A. S., Bodo Lang, and Stephanic Wong (2003), “Conclusion Explicitness in Advertising: The Moderating Role of Need for Cognition (NFC) and Argument Quality (AQ) on Persuasion,” Journal of Advertising, 32 (4), 57-65.
    描述: 博士
    國立政治大學
    國際經營與貿易研究所
    91351505
    94
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0913515051
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[國際經營與貿易學系 ] 學位論文

    文件中的档案:

    档案 大小格式浏览次数
    index.html0KbHTML2253检视/开启


    在政大典藏中所有的数据项都受到原著作权保护.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回馈