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    Title: 東北亞地區多邊對話機制之研究
    A Study on Northeast Asia Multilateral Dialogue Mechanism
    Authors: 王韋婷
    Wang, Wei-Ting
    Contributors: 林碧炤
    王韋婷
    Wang, Wei-Ting
    Keywords: 東北亞安全
    多邊對話機制
    北韓核武危機
    多邊主義
    安全對話
    Northeast Asia Security
    Mutilateral Dialogue Mechanism
    North Korea nuclear crisis
    Mtilateralism
    security dialogue
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-14 10:10:49 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 在歐洲、北美、東南亞等地區皆有定期、頻繁的區域對話,對話內容廣泛,不再是過去國家安全、區域安全傳統定義下的「安全對話」。然而區域對話風氣的盛行,在東北亞地區卻嗅不到一絲絲這樣的氣息。東北亞地區由於本身的歷史特殊性與地緣政治的特性,在國際關係上始終是各國利益的錯綜複雜的區域。
    東北亞地區國際政治衝突點主要為:領土糾紛、北韓核武危機、中日關係、日人綁架事件。北韓核武危機背後的動機主要是冷戰為結束之前,美國在南韓部署戰術核武瞄準北韓,北韓基於安全考量,於是發展核武計畫,另一原因則是針對日本,北韓視日本為安全威脅,基於歷史因素,北韓將其核武計畫背後目標對準日本。
    冷戰結束後的新安全環境,應該要以區域安全考量為核心,東北亞地區主要的安全形勢是美國仍是東北亞地區重要的安全主導者,同時美日聯盟是區域內重要的安全安排,隨者中國的經濟持續發展,中國將在東北亞地區扮演重要角色。多邊協商與合作是解決東北亞地區安全問題最有效的辦法,定期舉多邊對話更可增加行為者之間的了解與互信,多邊主義可以解決區域內危機。東北亞地區多邊合作經驗豐富,雖然多半是非正式的二軌多邊對話經驗,不過非正式的對話多邊機制剛好符合亞太地區的特色,差異性大的亞太國家,或者是在冷戰痕跡深刻的東北亞地區,都以應養成對話習慣,針對區域內的危機熱點例如北韓問題、中日歷史爭議、中美關係、中日東海油源紛爭、日俄領土爭議等問題,都可以藉著多邊對話機制建立信心措施。
    目前正在進行中的六邊會談正好替東北亞國家提供一個良好的基礎,雖然目前六邊會談是以解決北韓核武危機為主要,不過在六邊會談裡參與成員對等,並且六邊會談也沒有抹煞美國雙邊同盟的功能,日後東北亞國家應可以以六邊會談為基礎,討論更多區域內安全議題,促進東北亞地區的對話。東北亞地區多邊對話機制的發展可以融入冷戰結束後的新興安全觀念。如此一來反而有利既存的六邊會談進一步發展。
    There is EU as a multilateral forum in Europe. There is ASEAN in Southeast Asia for Asia countries to understand policies of each country and get better transparency. The international relations between Northeast Asia countries have always been complicated and uncertain. However, there is no multilateral dialogue in Northeast Asia.
    To study the multilateral dialogue mechanism, we must pay attention to Multilateralism. And because of the unique security situation in Northeast Asia after Cold War, we have also to take the cooperative security, common security and comprehensive security into consideration. Thus, we can discuss the possibility of developing a multilateral dialogue mechanism in Northeast Asia. A multilateral dialogue mechanism is a dialoguing forum that three or more countries cooperate with each other under some principles, with habits of practicing, without agenda limits, no participation limit, in order to solve security problems and reduce confrontations.
    The second North Korea nuclear crisis happened in 2002. The first Six-Party Talks began in 2003 and has hold for four times until now. Six-Party Talks can be viewed as a foundation of multilateral mechanism in Northeast Asia, despite there are still some shortcomings. As long as Six-Party Talks keeps meeting, it is an achievement of dialogue for Northeast Asia countries. Six-Party Talks makes it possible that solving the crisis in a peaceful way and taking the diplomatic way to engage with DPRK.
    The Japan-US Alliance is the key factor to influence the international politics in Northeast Asia. Basically, the bilateral relations between US and Asia Pacific countries have become a “wheel”. The hub of USA is a key factor of developing a multilateral mechanism or not. To develop a multilateral mechanism in Northeast Asia must cooperate with US and not against its interests in Pacific Asia. Also, Northeast Asia countries have to build their mutual confidence and interests dependence.
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    朱松柏,〈兩韓和解和東北亞新秩序〉。《問題與研究》,40卷第1期,2001年1、2月,頁1-13。
    朱峰,〈六方會談後的朝核危機:問題與前景〉。《國際政治》,2004年1月,頁88-96。
    江西元,〈朝何問題與東北亞安全合作框架前景〉。《國際政治》,2004年9月,頁125-129。
    何思慎,〈「中國威脅論」與新世紀「中」日關係初探〉。《中國事務》,7期,2002年1月,頁35-52。
    吳玉山,〈仍是現實主義的傳統〉。《政治科學論叢》,2002年12月,17期,頁1-30。
    李明,〈「信心建立措施」在朝鮮半島:實踐與成效〉。《戰略與國際研究》,2000年1月,2卷1期,頁56-82。
    李明,〈北韓核武危機與三邊會談〉。《海峽評論》,2003年6月,150期,頁13-17。
    周世雄,〈亞洲安全體系之研究:發展、障礙與模式〉。《成功大學社會科學學報》,6期,1993年12月,頁97-131。
    周添城,〈區域主義與多邊主義的互動〉。《理論與政策》,1994年2月,8卷2期,頁73-86。
    林文程,〈中共參與亞太多邊安全機制之目的與立場〉。《中國事務》,1993年10月,頁82-97。
    林文程,〈東協區域論壇與亞太多邊安全體系的建構〉。《戰略與國際研究》,1卷3期,1999年,頁74-114。
    林正義,〈亞太安全保障的新體系〉。《問題與研究》,1996年12月,35卷12期,頁1-18。
    林正義,〈歐洲及亞太信心暨安全建立措施之研究〉。《理論與政策》,47期,1998年9月,頁76-93。
    金強一,〈美日東北亞區域戰略與朝鮮半島問題〉。《國際政治》,2004年12月,頁132-135。
    金惠珍,〈亞太區域多邊合作的發展與美國的角色〉。《美歐月刊》,11卷5期,1996年5月,頁39-47。
    姚勤,〈朝核危機背後的全球核問題和地區安全〉。《國際政治》,2004年4月,頁55-61。
    胡聲平,〈東亞區域正何與中國之立場及策略研究〉。《全球政治評論》,2004年7月,7期,頁47-65。
    倪峰,〈美國的朝核政策及其困局〉。《國際政治》,2003年12月,頁93-95。
    徐文泉,〈中日關係的發展趨勢〉。《國際關係學院學報》,2002年,1期,頁14-18。
    徐嵩齡,〈中國-東北亞國家之間的環境合作:狀況分析與評價〉。《東北亞論壇》,2002年2月,頁49-54。
    徐緯地,〈朝鮮半島核危機的化解與半島走出冷戰〉。《國際政治》,2003年12月,頁87-92。
    袁易,〈多邊主義與安全困境下之合作:國際關係理論與美「中」關係〉。《問題與研究》,1996年6月,35卷6期,頁1-17。
    馬榮升,〈日本的能源戰略及對中國的啟示〉。《東北亞論壇》,2003年11月,頁33-36。
    崔志鷹,〈核危機與朝美關係前景〉。《國際政治》,2003年11月,頁51-54。
    張平,〈「中」美關係當前現狀及發展趨勢〉。《中共研究》,38卷3期,2004年3月,頁66-75。
    張旺,〈布什政府外交政策的保守注意傾向〉。《國際關係學院學報》,2002年,1期,頁19-22。
    張春燕,〈美日安全關係的變化及走勢〉。《國際政治》,2003年2月,頁91-96。
    張璉瑰,〈朝鮮核問題的過去、現在與未來〉。《國際政治》,2004年7月,頁123-127。
    許志嘉,〈九一一事件後美國對中共政策的調整〉。《問題與研究》,2003年5-6月,42卷3期,頁79-99。
    連弘宜,〈俄羅亞太政策的演進與前瞻-以東北亞安全及經濟合作為例〉。《政治學報》,34期,頁97-121。
    郭承天,〈單邊主義、區域主義、與多邊主義〉。《美歐季刊》,1997年12月,129期,頁1-25。
    陳文賢,〈從權力平衡的觀點看亞太安全〉。《問題與研究》,1998年3月,37卷3期,頁19-34。
    陳佩修,〈邁向「安全共同體」的建構?論東南亞國協「安全治理」的機會與限制〉。《全球政治評論》,7期,2004年7月,頁67-83。
    陳龍山,〈當前朝鮮對外政策的特點及走向分析〉。《國際政治》,2003年11月,頁84-90。
    陸俊元,〈朝鮮半島的地緣戰略特徵〉。《外國問題研究》,8號,1996年2月,頁6-9。
    楊永明,〈東協區域論壇:亞太安全之政府間多邊對話機制〉。《政治科學論叢》,11期,1999年12月,頁145-179。
    楊永明,〈美日安保與亞太安全〉。《政治科學論叢》,1998年6月,9期,頁275-302。
    楊永明、唐欣偉,〈信心建立措施與亞太安全〉。《問題與研究》,1999年6月,頁1-22
    楊志恆,〈中共及日本在東北亞的角色〉。《遠景季刊》,2卷4期,頁29-55。
    楊紅莓,〈朝鮮締結朝美和平協定的構想與努力〉。《國際政治》,2003年6月,頁147-151。
    蒲國良,〈朝鮮半島核危機問題的歷史由來及其事實〉。《國際政治》,2004年3月,頁142-145。
    劉世龍,〈冷戰後日本的外交戰略〉。《國際政治》,2004年1月,頁62-68。
    劉復國,〈綜合性安全與國家安全-亞太安全概念適用性之檢討〉。《問題與研究》,1999年2月,38卷2期,頁21-37。
    蔡東杰,〈當前東亞霸權結構的變遷發展分析〉。《全球政治評論》,9期,頁99-121。
    蔡裕明,〈北韓核武變局與東北亞安全〉。《展望與探索》,2003年3月,1卷3期,頁89-92。
    鄭端耀,〈國際關係「新自由制度主義」理論之評析〉。《問題與研究》1997年12月,36卷12期,頁1-22。
    韓彩真,〈東北亞地區的合作:一種制度分析〉。《國際政治》,2004年5月,頁153-157。
    (四)中文新聞
    華僑商報,《美日韓磋商朝鮮危機》,2003年8月15日。
    《新華社》,2003年6月1日。
    (五)網站專文
    王南,〈韓中關係密切,美韓關係面臨考驗〉,收錄《美國之音中文網》,2005年11月13日。<http://www.voanews.com/chinese/w2005-11-13-voa36.cfm>。
    〈美國貿易逆差〉,《中國駐休士頓總領事館經濟商務室》,2005年5月27日。<http://houston.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/ztdy/200505/20050500101552.html>。
    王長偉,〈除返六方會北韓四條件〉,收錄《中央日報》,2005年3月2日。<http://tw.news.yahoo.com/050303/45/1jlmd.html>。
    〈美中貿易逆差致美損失就業〉,收錄《美國之音中文網》,2005年1月11日。<http://www.voanews.com/chinese/archive/2005-01/a-2005-01-11-10-1.cfm?CFID=279384&CFTOKEN=41396087>。
    王長偉,〈北韓核試威嚇!?六方會瀕破局〉,收錄《中央日報》,2004年6月26日。<http://tw.news.yahoo.com/040626/45/r7nq.html>。
    〈亞太安全理事會〉,《行政院原子能委員會》,2004年6月23日。 <http://www.aec.gov.tw/www/policy/cooperation/files/CSCAP.pdf>。
    王長偉,〈六邊會前會落幕華府平壤棄核暴爭〉,收錄《中央日報》,2004年5月15日。<http://tw.nwes.yahoo.com/040516/45/ni5f.html>。
    賴怡忠,〈南韓政局對美韓同盟關係的衝擊〉,《台灣智庫》,2004年3月15日。<http://www.taiwanthinktank.org/ttt/servlet/OpenBlock?Template=Article&lan=tc&category_id=38&article_id=137&BlockSet=>。
    〈暗潮洶湧的六邊會談〉,收錄《財團法人和平促進文教基金會》,2003年8月14日。<http://www.peace.org.tw/Content.asp?Board=Fireline&ID=269>。
    李華球,〈北京對北韓危機的態度〉,收錄《財團法人國家政策研究基金會》,2003年8月8日。<http://www.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/NS/092/NS-C-092-237.htm>。
    〈外交部發言人介紹中朝美北京會談〉,《中華人民共和國外交部》,2003年4月25日。<http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/chn/wjb/zzjg/yzs/gjlb/1221/1224/t23874.htm>。
    方煊,〈韓國將重新審視駐韓美軍地位〉,收錄《中國日報網站》,,2002年12月22日。<http://big5.china.com.cn/chinese/kuaixun/250354.htm>
    二、英文部分
    (一)英文專書
    Acharya, Amitav ed., Regionalism and Multilateralism Essays on Cooperative Security in the Asia-Pacific. Washington: Time Academic Press, 2002.
    Alagappa, Muthiah ed., Asian Security Practice: Material and Ideational Influences. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998.
    Bean, R. Mark. Cooperative Security in Northeast Asia: A China-Japan-South Korea Coalition Approach. Washington, DC: National Defense University, 1990.
    Brown, Michael E. ed., East Asian Security. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1996.
    Clough, Ralph N. Embattled Korea: The Rivalry for International Support. Boulder: Westview, 1987.
    Cossa, Ralph A. ed., Asia-Pacific Confidence and Security Building Measures. Washington: The Center for Strategic & International Studies, 1995
    Cossa, Ralph A., The Major Powers in Northeast Asian’s Security. Washington: NDU Press, 1992.
    Gurtov, Mel. Pacific Asia? Prospects for Security and Cooperation in East Asia. New York: Rowan & Littlefield Publishers, 2002.
    Kapur, Ashok. Regionalism Security Structures in Asia .New York: Routledge, 2003.
    Keohane, Robert O., Nye, Joseph S. Power and Interdependence, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977.
    Wook-Keum,Han. The History of Korea. Seoul: Eulyoo Publishing Co., 1970.
    Youtz, David, Midford, Paul. A Northeast Asian Security Regime: Prospects after the Cold War. New York: Institute for East West Studies, 1992.
    (二)專書論文
    Ahn, Byung-joon. “Japanese Policy toward Korea,” in Gerald L. Curtis ed., Japan’s Foreign Policy After the Cold War: Coping with Change. New York: The East Asian Institute of the Columbia University, by M E. Sharpe, Inc. 1993.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    外交研究所
    91253013
    94
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0912530131
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[外交學系] 學位論文

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