| Reference: | 中文部分：
林莉萱（2003）。探討術前音樂對體外震波碎石術病患的影響。台北醫學大學醫學研究所碩士論文。
王梅君（1993）。社會支援的知覺評估、自我尊嚴及生活壓力對身心症狀的影響。私立中原大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
余思賢（2002）。內隱與外顯自尊對自尊需求的影響。私立中原大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
金春華（1988）。影響男護生繼續從事護理的因素。護理雜誌，35卷，頁111-121。
邱宗怡（2004）。伴侶行為肯定對心理安適的影響：個人與關係層次自我確定性的中介歷程。國立台灣大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
孫蒨如（2001）。自我界定與自我評價維持模式。華人本土心理學研究追求卓越計畫。
孫蒨如（2002）。自我評價、自我提升、及自我保護：個人取向與社會取向的觀點。華人本土心理學研究追求卓越計畫。
張春興(2000)。張氏心理學辭典。台北市，東華出版社。
陳皎眉（1996）。性別認同與性別角色。兩性關係。台北：空中大學。
曾雅玲（1997）。護理界也需要兩性教育--談如何避免性別刻板印象對男護生之影響。護理雜誌，44卷，頁56-60。
曾雅玲（2000）。男護士—探討隱藏在性別與職業角色下的問題。護理雜誌，47卷，頁69-73。
駱俊宏、林燕卿（2003）。性別刻板印象對男性護理人員的影響。台灣性學學刊，9卷，頁95-106。
簡晉龍（2003）。自我建構與主觀幸福感：自尊與相融和諧的角色。國立政治大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
蔡宜妙（2003）。成就動機的文化特徵：台灣地區青少年的努力信念。國立台灣大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
英文部分：
Arkin, R. M. & Baumgardner, A. H. (1985) Self-handicapping. In J. H. Harvey & G. W. Weary(Eds.), Attribution: Basic issues and applications(pp. 169-202). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Aronson, J., Lustina, M. J., Good, C., Keough, K., Steele, C. M., & Brown, J. (1999).When White men can`t do math: Necessary and sufficient factors in stereotype threat. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35(1), 29-46.
Baumgardner, A. H., Lake, E. A., & Arkin, R. H. (1985). Claiming mood as a self-handicapping: The influence of spoiled and unspoiled public identities. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 11, 349-357.
Baumeister, R. F., Tice, D. M., & Hutton, D. G.(1989). Self-presentational motivations and personality differences in self-esteem. Journal of Personality, 57(3), 547-579.
Baumeister, R. F., Hamilton, J. C., & Tice, D. M.(1985). Public versus private expectancy of success: Confidence booster or performance pressure? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(6), 1447-1457.
Betz, N. E. & Hackett, G.(1981). The relationship of career-related self-efficacy expectations to perceived career options in college women and men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28(5), 399-410.
Beck, B. L., Koons, S. R., & Milgrim, D. L.(2000). Correlates and consequences of behavioral procrastination: The effects of academic procrastination, self-consciousness, self-esteem and self-handicapping. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(5), 3-13.
Benbow, C. P. & Stanley, J. C. (1983). Sex differences in mathematical reasoning ability: More facts. Science, 222(4627), 1029-1030.
Berglas, S. & Jones, E. E. (1978). Drug choice as a self-handicapping strategy in response to noncontingent success. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36 (4), 405-417.
Campbell, J. D. (1990). Self-esteem and clarity of the self-concept. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(3), 538-549.
Campbell, J. D., Trapnell, P. D., Heine, S. J., Katz, I. M., Lavallee, L. F., & Lehman, D. R. (1996). Self-concept clarity: Measurement, personality correlates, and cultural boundaries. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(1), 141-156.
DeGree, C. E & Snyder, C. R. (1985). Adler`s psychology (of use) today: Personal history of traumatic life events as a self-handicapping strategy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(6), 1512-1519.
Eccles, J. S. (1984). Sex differences in achievement patterns. Nebraska Symposium Motivation, 32, 97-132.
Eccles, J. S. (1987). Gender roles and women`s achievement-related decisions. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 11(2), 135-171.
Eccles, J. S. (1994). Understanding women`s educational and occupational choices: Applying the Eccles et al. model of achievement-related choices. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18(4), 585-609.
Farmer, H. S.(1997). Women who persisted in their high school aspirations for careers in science or technology. Women`s mental health & development, Vol. 2. In H. S. Farmer (Ed), Diversity & women`s career development: From adolescence to adulthood. (pp.37-61). Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications.
Feick, D. L. & Rhodewalt, F.(1997). The double-edged sword of self-handicapping: discounting, augmentation, and the protection and enhancement of self-esteem. Motivation and Emotion, 21(2), 147-163.
Ferrari, J. R., Johnson, J. L., & McCown, W. G. (1995). Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory, research, and treatment. New York: Plenum.
Ferrari, J. & Tice, D. M. (2000). Procrastination as a self-handicap for men and women: A task-avoidance strategy in a laboratory setting. Journal of Research in Personality, 34(1), 73-83.
Gatton, D. S., DuBois, C. L., & Faley, R. H. (1999). The effects of organizational context on occupational gender-stereotyping. Sex Roles, 40(7-8), 567-582.
Gibbons, F. X. & Gaeddert, W. D. (1984). Focus of attention and placebo utility. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 20 (2), 159-176.
Harris, R. N. & Snyder, C. R.(1986). The role of uncertain self-esteem in self-handicapping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(2), 451-458.
Hinton, P. R.(2000). Stereotypes, cognition and culture(pp. 8).. In Philadelphia, PA, US: Psychology Press.
Hirt, E. R., Deppe, R. K., & Gordon, L. J. (1991). Self-reported versus behavioral self-handicapping: Empirical evidence for a theoretical distinction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(6), 981-991.
Jacobs, J. E. & Eccles, J. S. (1992). The impact of mothers` gender-role stereotypic beliefs on mothers` and children`s ability perceptions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(6), 932-944.
Jones, E. E & Berglas, S. (1978). Control of attributions about the self through self-handicapping strategies: The appeal of alcohol and the role of underachievement. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4(2), 200-206.
Jones, E. E.(1990). Foreword. In R. L. Higgins, C. R. Snyder, & S. Berglas (Eds.) Self-handicapping: The paradox that isn’t. Plenum Press, New York.
Kass, J.(2002). The relationship of self-handicapping and self-esteem, to the symptom reporting behavior of primary care patients. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 63 (6-B), 2995.
Keller, J. (2002). Blatant stereotype threat and women`s math performance: Self-handicapping as a strategic means to cope with obtrusive negative performance expectations. Sex Roles, 47(3-4), 193-198.
Kolditz,-Thomas-A; Arkin,-Robert-M(1982). An impression management interpretation of the self-handicapping strategy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43(3), 492-502.
Lay, K. L. & Tseng, H. Y.(2003, April). The effect of verbal disciplines in the context of school failure: Relationship-specific or context-specific? Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Tampa, Florida.
LeFevre, J. A., Kulak, A. G., & Heymans, S. L.(1992). Factors influencing the selection of university majors varying in mathematical content. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 24(3), 276-289.
Leary, M. R. & Shepperd, J. A.(1986). Behavioral self-handicaps versus self-reported handicaps: A conceptual note. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1265-1268.
Leyens, J. P.(1994). Stereotypes and Social Cognition(pp. 11). London. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications.
Levy, B.(1996). Improving memory in old age through implicit self-stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 1092-1107.
Li, J.(2002). Learning model in different cultures. In J. Bempechat and J. G. Elliott (Eds.), Learning in culture and context: Approaching the complexities of achievement motivation in student learning (pp.45-63). San Francisco, CA: Wiley Periodicals.
Major, B. & Schmader, T. (1998). Coping with stigma through psychological disengagement. In C. Stangor & J. K. Swim(Eds.). Prejudice: The target`s perspective. (pp.219-241). San Diego, CA, US: Academic Press.
Major, B., Spencer, S., Schmader, T., Wolfe, C., & Crocker, J.(1998). Coping with negative stereotypes about intellectual performance: The role of psychological disengagement. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(1), 34-50.
Macrae, C. N., Stangor, C., & Hewstone, M.(1996). Stereotypes and Stereotyping (pp. 42). NY: The Guilford Press.
Martin, K. A. & Brawley, L. R.(2002). Self-handicapping in physical achievement settings: The contributions of self-esteem and self-efficacy. Self and Identity, 1(4), 337-351.
Mayerson, N. H. & Rhodewalt, F. (1988). Role of self-protective attributions in the experience of pain. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 6(2), 203-218.
McFarlin, D. B. & Blascovich, J.(1981). Effects of self-esteem and performance feedback on future affective preferences and cognitive expectations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40(3), 521-531.
Newman,-Leonard-S; Wadas,-Richard-F(1997). When stakes are higher: Self-esteem instability and self-handicapping. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality,12(1), 217-232.
National Science Foundation. (2000). Women, minorities, and persons with disabilities in science and engineering: 2000 (NSF Publication No. 00-327). Arlington, VA: Author.
Oswald, D. L. & Harvey, R. D. (2003). A Q-methodological study of women`s subjective perspectives on mathematics. Sex Roles, 49(3-4), 133-142.
Perry R. Hinton.(2000)Stereotypes, Cognition and Culture (pp.8). London ; New York : Psychology Press.
Prapavessis, H. & Grove, J.(1998). Self-handicapping and self-esteem. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 10(2), 175-184.
Rhodewalt, F. & Davison, J. (1986). Self-handicapping and subsequent performance: Role of outcome valence and attributional certainty. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 7(4), 307-322.
Rhodewalt, F. & Hill, S. (1995). Self-handicapping in the classroom: The effects of claimed self-handicaps on responses to academic failure. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 16(4), 397-416.
Rhodewalt, F., Morf, C., Hazlett, S., & Fairfield, M. (1991). Self-handicapping: The role of discounting and augmentation in the preservation of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 122-131.
Schmader, T. (2002). Gender identification moderates stereotype threat effects on women`s math performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38(2), 194-201.
Shepperd, J. A & Arkin, R. M. (1989). Self-handicapping: The moderating roles of public self-consciousness and task importance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15(2), 252-265.
Shih, M., Pittinsky, T. L., & Ambady, N.(1999). Stereotype susceptibility: Identity salience and shifts in quantitative performance. Psychological Science, 10(1), 80-83.
Shrauger, J.(1972). Self-esteem and reactions to being observed by others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 23(2), 192-200.
Snyder, C. R. & Smith, T. W. (1982). Symptoms as self-handicapping strategies: The virtues of old wine in a new bottle. In G. Weary & H. L. Mirels(Eds.), Integrations of clinical and social psychology(pp. 104-127). New York: Oxford University Press.
Steele, C. M. & Aronson, J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(5), 797-811.
Steele, C. M. (1997). A threat in the air: How stereotype shape intellectual identity and performance. American Psychologist, 52(6), 613-629.
Stone, J., Lynch, C. I., Sjomeling, M., & Darley, J. M. (1999). Stereotype threat effects on Black and White athletic performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1213-1227.
Stone, J. (2002). Battling doubt by avoiding practice: The effects of stereotype threat on self-handicapping in white athletes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(12), 1667-1678.
Spencer, S. J., Steele, C. M., & Quinn, D. M. (1999). Stereotype threat and women`s math performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35(1), 4-28.
Smith, T. W., Snyder, C. R., & Handelsman, M. M. (1982). On the self-serving function of an academic wooden leg: Test anxiety as a self-handicapping strategy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42(2), 314-321.
Smith, J. L. ＆ White, P. H.(2002). An examination of implicitly activated, explicitly activated, and nullified stereotypes on mathematical performance: It’s not just a woman’s issue. Sex Roles, 47, 179-191.
Spalding,-Leah-R; Hardin,-Curtis-D(1999). Unconscious unease and self-handicapping: Behavioral consequences of individual differences in implicit and explicit self-esteem. Psychological Science, 10(6), 535-539.
Stangor, C. & Sechrist, G. B.(1998). Conceptualizing the determinants of academic choice and task performance across social groups. In C. Stangor & J. K. Swim(Eds.), Prejudice: The target`s perspective. (pp.105-124). San Diego, CA, US: Academic Press.
Taylor, S. E. & Brown, J. D.(1988). Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychological Bulletin, 103(2) 193-210.
Tice, D. M. & Baumeister, R. F.(1990). Self-esteem, self-handicapping, and self-presentation: The strategy of inadequate practice. Journal of Personality, 58(2), 443-464.
Tice, D. M. (1991). Esteem protection or Enhancement? Self-handicapping motives and attributions differ by trait self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(5), 711-725.
Wolfe, R. N., Lennox, R. D., & Cutler, B. L.(1986). Getting along and getting ahead: Empirical support for a theory of protective and acquisitive self-presentation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 356-361. |
