政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/32716

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题名:	基於形態轉換的多種表情卡通肖像 Automatic generation of caricatures with multiple expressions using transformative approach
作者:	賴建安 Lai, Chien An
贡献者:	廖文宏 Liao, Wen Hung 賴建安 Lai, Chien An
关键词:	影像內容分割圖像變形臉部動畫參數人臉特徵分析 Image Content Segmentation Image Warping and Morphing Facial Animation Parameters Facial Features Analysis
日期:	2007
上传时间:	2009-09-17 14:07:22 (UTC+8)
摘要:	隨著數位影像軟、硬體裝置上進步與普及，普羅大眾對於影像的使用不僅限於日常生活之中，更隨著網路分享概念等Web技術的擴張，這些數量龐大的影像，在使用上更朝向娛樂化、趣味化及個人化的範疇。本論文提出結合影像處理中的人臉特徵分析（Facial Features Analysis）資訊以及影像內容分割（Image Content Segmentation）及影像變形轉換（Image Warping and Morphing）等技術，設計出可以將真實照片中的人臉轉換成為卡通化的肖像，供使用者於各類媒體上使用。卡通化肖像不但具有隱藏影像細節，保留部份隱私的優勢，同時又兼具充份擁有個人化特色的表徵，透過臉部動畫的參數（Facial Animation Parameters）設定，我們提出的卡通化系統更容許使用者依心情，來合成喜、怒、哀、樂等不同表情。另外，運用兩種轉描式（Rotoscoping）及圖像變形（Morphing）法，以不同的合成技巧來解決不同裝置在限定顏色及效果偏好上的各類需求。 As the acquisition of digital images becomes more convenient, diversified applications of image collections have surfaced at a rapid pace. Not only have we witnessed the popularity of photo-sharing platforms, we have also seen strong demand for novel mechanism that offers personalized and creative entertainment in recent years. In this thesis, we proposed and implemented a personal caricature generator using transformative approaches. By combing facial feature detection, image segmentation and image warping/morphing techniques, the system is able to generate stylized caricature using only one reference image. The system can also produce multiple expressions by controlling the MPEG-4 facial animation parameters (FAP). Specifically, by referencing to various pre-drawn caricature in our database as well as feature points for mesh creation, personalized caricatures are automatically generated from the real photos using either rotoscoping or transformative approaches. The resulting caricature can be further modified to exhibit multiple facial expressions. Important issues regarding color reduction and vectorized representation of the caricature have also been discussed in this thesis.
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Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, p.1802-1805, 2006 [9] M. B. Stegmann, “The AAM-API: An Open Source Active Appearance Model Implementation”, Proc. of Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, p.951-952, 2003 [10] AAM-API, C++ implementation of the Active Appearance Model framework http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/~aam/aamapi/ [11] A. Raouzaiou, N. Tsapatsoulis, K. Karpouzis, and S. Kollias, “Parameterized Facial Expression. Synthesis Based on MPEG-4.”, EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, Vol. 2002, No.10, p.1021-1038, 2002 [12] L. Malatesta, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis, and S. Kollias, “MPEG-4 Facial Expression Synthesis based on Appraisal Theory.”, 3rd IFIP conference in Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovatios, 2006 [13] R. Hsu, and A. K. Jain, “Generating Discriminating Cartoon Faces Using Interacting Snakes”, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligent, vol.25, p.1388 -1398, 2003 [14] D. Decarlo, and A. Santella, “Stylization and Abstraction of Photographs”, Proc.of SIGGRAPH 2002, p.769-776, 2002 [15] J. Wang, Y. Xu, H. Shum and M. Cohen, “Video Tooning”, Proc. of SIGGRAPH 2004, Vol. 23, No. 3, p.574-583, 2004 [16] H. Chen, Z. Liu, C. Rose, Y. Xu, H. Shum and D. Salesin, “Example-based Composite Sketching of Human Portraits”, Proc. of the 3rd International Symposium on Non-photorealistic Animation and Rendering, p.95-153, 2004 [17] A. Sacco, “Imitating A Scanner Darkly”, An Adobe Illustrator Tutorial, http://www.illustratortechniques.com/imitating-a-scanner-darkly.html [18] S. Patterson, “Combining Reality With A Rotoscope-Style Painting”, An Adobe PhotoShop Tutorial, Photoshop Essentials.com http://www.photoshopessentials.com/photo-effects/rotoscope/ [19] J. Wang, B. Thiesson, Y. Xu, and M. F. Cohen, “Image and Video Segmentation by Anisotropic Kernel Mean Shift”, Proc. of European Conference on Computer Vision, 2004 [20] D. Comaniciu, and P. Meer, “Mean Shift: A Robust Approach toward Feature Space Analysis”, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol.24, No.5, p.603-619, 2002 [21] D. Comaniciu, V. Ramesh, and P. Meer, “Real-time Tracking of Non-rigid Object Using Mean Shift”, Proc. of IEEE conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p.142-151, 2000 [22] L. Guibas, and J. Stolfi, “Primitives for the Manipulation of General Subdivisions and the Computation of Voronoi Diagrams”, ACM Transactions on Graphics, Vol.4, No.2, p.74-123, 1985 [23] AutoTrace: converts bitmap to vector graphics, http://autotrace.sourceforge.net/ [24] J. R. Shewchuk, “Triangle: Engineering a 2D Quality Mesh Generator and Delaunay Triangulator”, Applied Computational Geometry: Towards Geometric Engineering, Vol. 1148 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, p.203-222, 1996. [25] R. C. Gonzalez, and R. E. Woods, “Chap3 Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain”, Digital Image Processing 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, p.75-136, 2001 [26] P. Meer, and B. Georgescu, “Edge detection with embedded confidence.”, IEEE Trans. On Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 23, p.1351-1365, 2001 [27] P. Heckbert, “Color Image Quantization for Frame Buffer Display”, Proc. of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, vol.16, no.3, p.297-307, 1982 [28] Z. Xiang and G. Joy, “Color Image Quantization by Agglomerative Clustering”, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol.14, no.3, p.44-48, 1994 [29] D. Clark, “Color Quantization using Octrees”, Dr. Dobb’s Journal, p.54-57 and 102-104, 1996 [30] R. Ulichney, “Dithering with Blue Noise”, Proc. of IEEE, vol.76, p.56-79, 1988 [31] R. Floyd and L. Steinberg, “An Adaptive Algorithm for Spatial Greyscale”, Proc. of Society for Information Display, vol. 17, no. 2, Wiley, 1976 [32] S. Lee, G. Wolberg, and S. Y. Shin, “Polymorph: Morphing Among Multiple Images”, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,Vol.18, p.58-71,1998 [33] M. Grundland and N. A. Dodgson, “Color Histogram Specification by Histogram Warping”, Proc. of Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, vol. 5667, p.610-621, 2005 [34] K. Perlin, Responsive Face Demo, http://mrl.nyu.edu/~perlin/facedemo/ [35] K. Balci, “Xface: MPEG-4 Based Open Source Toolkit for 3d Facial Animation”, Proc. of Advanced Visual Interfaces, p.399-204, 2004 [36] S. Garchery, A. Egges, and N. Magnenat-Thalmann, “Fast Facial Animation Design for Emotional Virtual Humans” Proc. of Measuring Behaviour, 2005 [37] P. Ekman, “Facial Expression and Emotion”, Am Psychologist, Vol.48, p.384-392, 1993 [38] A. Bevilacqua, and P. Azzari, “A High Performance Exact Histogram Specification Algorithm”, 14th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (ICIAP 2007) , p. 623-628, 2007
描述:	碩士國立政治大學資訊科學學系 92753002 96
資料來源:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0927530022
数据类型:	thesis
显示于类别:	[資訊科學系] 學位論文

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