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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/35035


    Title: 相關多角化企業共享活動與控制方式之探討
    Authors: 吳政達
    Wu, Cheng-Ta
    Contributors: 于卓民
    林淑姬


    吳政達
    Wu, Cheng-Ta
    Keywords: 相關多角化
    共享活動
    總公司控制方式
    Date: 2004
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 13:37:35 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 由於成長的壓力以及全球化趨勢成形，國內有越來越多的企業開始從事多角化擴張，由單一事業/產品跨足到多事業/產品領域，策略的層次也由事業單位策略(business strategy)提升到總體策略(corporate strategy)。國內探討多角化之研究如雨後春筍般陸續出現，然而，過去的文獻多半集中於探討各種不同多角化策略與績效間的關係，甚少討論多角化策略執行的議題(implementation)，也就是多角化企業之總公司如何透過適當的組織機制，管理與旗下事業單位(business unit)之間的關係。整理過去討論多角化企業組織機制的文獻，本研究選擇總公司控制方式為主要的探討變數，包括了『事業單位自主權』與『績效評估方式』。
    由於無相關多角化企業之事業單位間的相關程度極低，因此，大多數的研究都同意總公司應給予事業單位高度自主權與採客觀績效指標評估之，較無太多的討論空間；而相關多角化企業之事業單位相關程度高，單位間具有共享的價值活動達成規模/範疇經濟的效益，例如共享研發、製造、業務等活動，其管理之複雜度遠高於無相關多角化企業。因此，本研究主要探討相關多角化與總公司控制方式之關係，以及此關係受到哪些權變因素之影響，使得不同企業採取的控制方式不同。
    本研究採取個案研究法，針對國內六家相關多角化企業之高階主管進行深入的訪談。研究結果發現，相關多角化與總公司控制方式之關係會受到六個權變因素之影響，本研究所歸納之命題分述如下：
    （1） 在相關多角化企業中，當事業單位相關程度越高，則總公司給予事業單位的自主程度越低；反之，自主程度則越高。
    （2） 事業單位規模：當事業單位規模越大，即使事業單位間相關程度高，各事業單位仍會採取設立專屬活動之方式，進而使得總公司給予事業單位較高之自主權，並採用客觀之評估方式。
    （3） 產業環境不確定性：當產業環境變動劇烈，即使事業單位間之相關程度高，仍應給予事業單位較高之自主權，並採用客觀之評估方式。反之，產業環境穩定，即使事業單位之相關程度低，則仍『有可能』給予事業單位較低之自主權。
    （4） 共享活動供需差距：共享活動之供給量越多，則事業單位間爭奪資源程度越低，即使事業單位相關程度高，總公司仍應給予事業單位較高之自主權，並採用客觀之評估方式。
    （5） 共享資源型態：事業單位所共享之活動如屬於無形之資源，由於其協調與妥協成本低，即使事業單位相關程度高，總公司仍應給予事業單位較高之自主權，並採用客觀之評估方式。
    （6） 事業單位之競爭策略：當事業單位差異化/低成本是源自於專屬活動時，即使事業單位相關程度高，總公司應給予較大之自主權與採取客觀方式評定事業單位之績效。反之，則還需視共享活動供需差距與資源型態採用適合的控制方式。
    （7） 事業單位之策略性任務：當事業單位負有策略性任務時，即使事業部間的關聯性不高，總公司仍會給予事業單位較低之自主權與採主觀之績效評估方式。
    （8） 文化控制：當事業單位間擁有共享互助的文化時，總公司可給予事業單位較高之自主權，降低其介入營運性決策的可能性與爭奪資源的衝突，增加決策之速度與彈性。

    雖然過去多數的研究都同意相關多角化事業單位之自主權會低於無相關多角化，然而，由本研究之命題可知，在某些條件下，相關多角化企業之事業單位仍可享有高度之自主權。總公司應綜合考量這些可能的權變因素，權衡共享活動所帶來的效益與機會成本，採取適當的控制方式。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    企業管理研究所
    91355011
    93
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0913550111
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Business Administation] Theses

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