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    Title: 從金融監理角度論我國證券商風險管理制度之建立
    Authors: 劉科
    Liu, Ker
    Contributors: 周行一
    沈中華

    Chow, Edward H.
    Shen, Chung-Hua

    劉科
    Liu, Ker
    Keywords: 金融監理
    風險管理
    證券商
    Date: 2004
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 14:51:53 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 證券商在我國金融市場整體運作中扮演極為關鍵之角色,金融體系安定與否,繫乎證券商業務經營之良窳。近年來為面對國際競爭壓力及金融控股公司成立後金融版圖之整併,證券商莫不持續金融創新及加強客戶服務等策略之運用,以求企業之永續經營;然亦使證券商暴露於各類風險之中,為促進證券商現階段整體風險管理與控制作業能符合國際發展趨勢,並使主管機關對證券商監督管理措施得以與時俱進,深入研究以強化證券商風險管理與控制之機制實已刻不容緩,此為本論文以此為題進行相關研究探討的原因。
    依據國際證券管理機構(International Organization of Securities Commissions:IOSCO)技術委員會於1998年5月所提出之報告,風險管理與控制扮演下列四項重要之角色:
    第一、 保護公司免受市場、信用、流動性、營運及法律風險等影響。
    第二、 使整體金融業免受系統風險的影響。
    第三、 保護公司客戶免受非與市場相關的鉅額損失的影響。
    第四、 使公司及其商譽不受負面事件影響。
    證券商如能建立有效之風險管理與控制制度,必能有助於證券業乃至整體金融業之穩定,進而使投資大眾及其交易相對人產生信心,促進金融發展。職是之故,本論文研究架構便先從回顧過去國內金融監理單位對監理證券商所採之方法,及近年來證券商因國內外金融環境變遷,與本身業務發展多元化,所面臨經營風險結構改變所帶來之衝擊進行分析,以了解風險管理於監理上在目前及未來所可能扮演的角色與功能。(第一章)
    接著,由上述的分析,再引證國際上對金融機構風險管理重視之趨勢,尤其是BIS資本適足規範架構在此方面的進展,尤值得借鏡,故亦予大略分析,以為後續擬議證券商風險管理制度的重要參考。由於相關資料的蒐集與引證,吾人得以了解風險管理在金融監理上,確得彌補傳統上無法有效掌握未來不確定性的缺點,同時也有助推動跨業及跨國監理之執行。(第二章)
    在分析了解風險管理的重要性後,接下來要探討的便是什麼是風險管理的具體內涵及其範圍,為了釐清它與內部控制間的差異及相互關係,因此也有必要就兩者間性質的異同予以剖析,俾得充份理解彼此相輔相成之關係,以為之後研議證券商風險管理制度建制之基礎。根據以上各項觀念性的介述,落到實作面便是證券商風險管理實務守則的擬議,為利其內容的分析敍述,除引證目前證券商在風險管理上的實務作法外,並且同時說明守則在規劃時所遭遇的困難,及思考時所考慮的面向,乃至守則擬議時所採行的原則,俾得完整描述守則編製的整個過程及其內容構想。(第三章)
    鑑於目前不少證券商已加入金控經營,而未加入之大型證券商為達到多角化經營目標,亦在既有的法令允許範圍內儘量轉投資金融相關事業,以達到另一種整併經營之目的,而這種異業合併經營之結果,其風險管理之複雜,已非一般或傳統風險管理能完全著力者,因此本文特將此一問題獨立成一章進行探討,以期對金融監理單位在處理相關問題上有所助益。(第四章)
    本文最後則提出相關的建議。除就證券商應如何遵循所擬議之證券商風險管理實務守則,提出實務上值得參考的一些作法與重點外,同時也建議監理單位若要進一步落實本守則的施行,那些事項屬於尚須努力者,提出一些具體之方向。(第五章)
    綜觀本論文撰擬目的,首在強調風險管理於證券商監理上的重要性,而此一觀念是過去監理單位所欠缺,或一知半解的部分,因此如何建立一清楚而且可供實務操作及遵循的架構,以供監理單位與業者共同遵循,則係本論文撰寫的第二個目的,最後則是透過這些抛磚引玉的過程,希望未來能在此一基礎上,持續建構更為完整及周延的細項,俾將之實際導入監理規範中,成為整體監理體系中重要的一部分,以提升我國監理品質,進而得與先進國家的監理水平接軌,以達到金融國際化的目標,則是本文撰寫的第三個目的。
    Reference: 一、英文部分:
    1. A new regulator for the new millennium, FSA, UK, 2000.
    2. Alternative Net Capital Requirements for Broker-Dealers That Are Part of Consolidated Supervised Entities; Proposed Rules, SEC, US, Federal Register/Vol. 68 No. 215/Thursday, 6 Nov 2003.
    3. Andrew Kuritz Res, Til Schuermann & Scott M. Weiner, Risk Measurement, Risk Management and Capital Adequacy in Financial Conglomerates, presented at the “Netherlands-United States Roundtable on Financial Conglomerates”, Brookings-Wharton Papers on Financial Services, Washington D.C., 23-25 Oct 2002.
    4. Annemarie van der Zwert, The Blurring of Distinctions between Financial Sectors: Fact or Fiction?, Occasional Studies, Vol. I/Nr.2, De Nederlandsche Bank, 2003.
    5. Aswath Damodaran, Applied Corporative Finance, John Wlley & Sons, Inc., 1999.
    6. Charles Freeland, Basel II Update, presented for a conference held by BIS, 27-28 May 2004.
    7. Christopher L. Culp, The Risk Management Process-Business Strategy and Tactics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., US, 2001.
    8. Consultative Paper 2, Basel Committee on Banking Supervision.
    9. Core Principles-Cross-Sectoral Comparison, the joint forum participated by BIS, IOSCO & IAIS, BIS, 2001.
    10. Eillen Alt Powell, Met life buying Travelers from Citi, RENO GAZETE-Journal, 31 Jan 2005.
    11. Enterprise Risk Management Framework, a draft for public comment posted at www.coso.org, COSO, 2003.
    12. General Accepted Risk Principles, Coopers & Lybrand, UK, 1996.
    13. Greg Keers, Risk Adjusted Capital Allocation For Energy Project Appraisal, KWI, UK, 2002.
    14. Guidelines on Sound Risk Management Practices, Monetary Authority of Singapore, 2002.
    15. Harmonising Prudential Standards: A Principles-Based Approach, Policy Discussion Paper, APRA, Australia, December 2000.
    16. International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards, June 2004, BIS.
    17. Joel Bessis, Risk Management in Banking, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2002.
    18. Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee OB/7 on Risk Management, AS/NZS 4360:1999, Australia/New Zealand, 1999.
    19. Mark Carrington, Philip Langguth & Thomas Stieiner, The Banking Revolution-Salvation or Slaughter?, Mitchell Madison Group, UK, 1997. (何喻方譯,寰宇出版社,台北,1999)
    20. New Basel Capital Accord, Pillar 2, Pillar 3.
    21. Risk management and control Guidance for securities firms and their supervisions, a report by the technical committee, IOSCO, 1998, Montreal, Canada.
    22. Risk Management-Policies and Publications, www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pubs-pol/dcgpubs/riskmanagement/siglist_e.asp, Canada, 28 May 2004.
    23. Risk Management Practices and Regulatory Capital-Cross-Sectoral Comparison, the joint forum participated by BIS, IOSCO & IAIS, BIS, 2001.
    24. Sayuri Shivai, Searching for New Regulatory Frameworks for the Intermediate Financial Structure in Post-Crisis Asia, a paper presented for Conference on “Regulatory Differences between Banks and Securities Markets: Implications for Crisis Prevention and Management”, ADBI/Wharton Seminar, 26-27 July 2001.
    25. Study into the methodologies to assess the overall financial position of an insurance undertaking from the perspective of prudential supervision, KPMG, contract no. ETD/2000/BS-3001/C/45, commissioned by EU, 2002.
    26. The Citigroup Watch, from inner city Press & Fair Finance Watch, www.innercitypress.org/citi.html, 7 Feb 2005.
    27. The implications for securities regulators of the increased use of value at risk model by securities firms, a report by the technical committee, IOSCO, 1995, Montreal, Canada.
    28. Tony Carlton, Risk and Management in Non-Financial Companies, a paper presented for Conference on “Risk and Capital Management”, APRA, Australia, 2-3 Nov 1998.
    29. Trends in Risk Integration and Aggregation, the joint forum participated by BIS, IOSCO & IAIS, BIS, 2003.
    二、中文部分:
    1. 沈大白,劉美櫻等,「強化證券商自有適足資本規定之研究」,台灣證券交易所委託研究,2005年。
    2. 劉科,「資本移動自由化之探討-兼論我國QFII制度之發展」,證券資料,第486期,台灣證券交易所,2002。
    3. 盧陽正等人,推動我國綜合證券商建立內部風險值管理系統以控制市場風險及配置資產2002年研究報告。
    4. 證券商風險管理實務手冊,券商公會,2003年。
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
    91932224
    93
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0091932224
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文

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