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    Title: 土石流災害下行動弱勢族群疏散避難決策行為之研究
    Study of Disable Groups Evacuation Decision-making behavior in Debris Flow Vulnerable Area
    Authors: 秦立林
    Chin,li-lin
    Contributors: 白仁德
    秦立林
    Chin,li-lin
    Keywords: 土石流
    行動弱勢族群
    疏散避難
    決策行為
    Debris flow
    Disable groups
    Evacuation
    Decision-making
    Date: 2007
    Issue Date: 2009-09-19 13:13:13 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 台灣近年來發生許多土流災害,導致許多傷亡與損失,而行政單位在救災時,卻忽略了土石流潛勢地區民眾的疏散避難決策需求,尤其是行動弱勢族群。本研究透過問卷調查與訪談的方式,針對三處土石流潛勢地區之一般家戶行動弱勢族群以及全省十個土石流潛勢溪流較多縣市之社福機構行動弱勢族群,瞭解其對於土石流災害的認知情形以及疏散避難之決策行為特性,並以二元羅吉斯特迴歸方法,建立疏散避難的決策行為模式,協助行政單位瞭解其疏散避難之需求與決策行為,設計更完善之疏散避難計畫。
    在與美國Lili颶風案例進行分析比較後,發現一般家戶與社福機構之行動弱勢族群最相信的資訊來源都是行政單位的宣導,Lili颶風案例則是地方平面媒體的報導,而三方最不相信的都是網際網路。在疏散避難的決策行為模式方面,發現「獨居」對於一般家戶行動弱勢族群是否需要協助,有非常顯著的影響,表示獨居的行動弱勢者在避難時非常需要他人的協助。而「前往其他地區同性質的機構避難」對於社福機構行動弱勢族群避難過程所需長短,有非常顯著的影響,並會增加整個避難所需的時間。
    Debris flows cause a lot of injuries, deaths and property losing in recent years in Taiwan. When the government was providing disaster relief, it lacked for paying attention to the real evacuation behavior and perception of vulnerable area, especially the disable groups. This study conducted a questionnaire survey for two disable groups to understand their disaster perception and evacuation decision-making behavior. One disable group is living in general households in three debris flow vulnerable townships; another is living in social welfare organization in ten debris flow vulnerable counties. A decision model was built by using Binary logistic to estimate the evacuation decision-making behavior. Research result can be contributed to evacuation planning and policy implementation.
    Comparing with the evacuation behavior case of hurricane Lili in U.S.A, This study finds that the most reliable channel of evacuation information for two disable groups in Taiwan are from governmental authorities, but for the case of hurricane Lili is from local news media. No matter the case in Taiwan or in U.S.A, the most unreliable channel of evacuation information is from internet. Research result by evacuation decision-making behavior model, “living alone” is an outstanding factor that disable group who live in general households need help or not when they’re evacuating. It shows that people who live alone need others` help very much while taking refuge. “Evacuating to the other organizations in the other area” is an outstanding factor that disable group who live in social welfare organizations need longer time to evacuate. It shows that if organization evacuate to the other organizations in the other area, they will raise the total evacuation time.
    Reference: 一、國內部份
    1. 內政部營建署,1998,公共建築物供行動不便者使用設施與設備設計施工手冊,內政部營建署,台北。
    2. 王志錚,2002,臺北市區級災害應變中心運作檢討之研究─以納莉颱風為例, 國立台北科技大學土木與防災技術研究所碩士論文。
    3. 王琳、白璐,1993,受訪者的災難意識,國家科學委員會防災科技研究報告79-75號。
    4. 沈依潔,2004,民眾步行行為意向之研究-以台北市民為例,國立交通大學運輸科技與管理學系碩士論文。
    5. 何明錦、江崇誠,1999,建築物利用實態與人員避難行動特性調查研究—以百貨商場為例,八十八年度建築研究計畫聯合研討會第八冊—建築防火,內政部建築研究所研究計畫成果報告。
    6. 何俊彥,1999,雲林縣沿海地區環境災害識覺及調適行為之研究,台灣大學地理學研究所碩士論文。
    7. 洪玉輔,2001,計程車費率實施差別定價之研究,國立交通大學交通運輸研究所碩士論文。
    8. 陳素珠,2004,九二一重建區民眾對土石流防災認知之研究-以南投縣中寮鄉為例,國立中興大學水土保持系碩士論文。
    9. 陳德奎,2002,我國災害防救體系中第三層級(鄉鎮市公所)運作機制之探析,中央警察大學消防科學研究所碩士論文。
    10. 莊世奇,2001,震災疏散行為之研究-以九二一集集大地震為例,淡江大學運管理學系碩士論文。
    11. 張文侯,1997,台北市防災避難場所之區位決策分析,國立台灣大學建築與城鄉研究所碩士論文。
    12. 黃柏鈞,2001,環境風險知覺之研究-以神木村土石流為例,國立臺北大學資源管理研究所碩士論文。
    13. 黃進興,2002,高齡者水平逃生速度之研究 --以台北市立安養機構高齡者為例,國立台灣科技大學建築系碩士論文。
    14. 梁彰甫,2004,幼稚園火災避難時間之研究─以台中市私立幼稚園為例,朝陽科技大學建築與都市設計研究所碩士論文。
    15. 許翔智,2004,自然災害對家戶災害調整行為之影響研究-以汐止洪災與埔里地震為例,長榮大學土地管理及開發學系碩士論文。
    16. 許明禎、林晏州,2001,民眾對公園綠地防災機能認知及避難行為傾向之探討,都市與計劃,第28卷第2期。
    17. 曾思瑜,1997,日本無障礙環境之相關法規與我國應有的省思,空間雜誌第九十二期,P74-80。
    18. 詹士樑、鄧慰先,2002,都市洪災防制策略之整合型規劃研究(一)應用區位分派模式探討都市型水災避難系統規劃之研究,內政部建築研究所研究報告。
    19. 辜柏峰,2005,國小學童火災避難時間之研究─以台中市國民小學為例,朝陽科技大學建築與都市設計研究所碩士論文。
    20. 趙勇維,2002,運用building EXODUS驗證地下捷運車站人員避難安全之研究-以捷運新店站為例,中央警察大學消防科學研究所碩士論文。
    21. 鄭思蘋,2004,都會區颱洪災害損失之分析與評估,國立臺灣大學生物環境系統工程學暨研究所博士論文。
    22. 鄭錦峰,1983,高樓火災、人命危險性之研究,中央警察大學行政警察研究所碩士論文。
    23. 蕭素月,2003,地震災害避難疏散最適路徑之研究-以南投都市計畫區範圍為例,國立台灣大學地理環境資源學研究所碩士論文。
    24. 顏振嘉,2002,縣市層級災害應變中心建構之研究,中央警察大學消防科學研究所碩士論文。
    25. 魏玉蕙,2002,九二一地震災害與災害重建之研究-以埔里蜈蚣里為例,臺灣大學地理環境資源學研究所博士論文。
    二、國外部份
    1. Ayis, S., Bowling A., Gooberman-Hill, R., and Ebrahim, S.,2006. Predicting catastrophic decline in mobility among older people, Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society, 35:382-387.
    2. Burton,I.,Kates,R.W.and White,G.F.,1978. The Environment as Hazard,New York: Oxford University, 28-29, 34-36.
    3. Downs,R.M.,1970. Geographic Space Perception:Past Approaches and Future Prospects, Progress in Geography, 2: 65-108.
    4. Drabek,T.E.,1969. Social Processes in Disaster: Family Evacuation,Social Problem, Vol.16, pp.336-349.
    5. Golledge,R.G.and Stinson,R.J.,1987. Analytical Behavioural Geography,New York: Croom Helm.
    6. Johnson Jr.,J.H.,1986. Predicting Nuclear Reactor Emergency Evacuation Behavior Energy, Vol.11, No.9, pp.861-868.
    7. Kates,R.,1971. Natural Hazard in Human Ecological Perspective: Hypotheses and Models, Economic Geography, Vol.47, pp.438-451.
    8. Kuba, M., Dorian, A., Kuljian, S. and Shoaf, K.,2004. Evacuation Processes from Two Skilled-Care Facilities in Central Florida, August 2004 ,UCLA Center for Public Health and Disasters 2004.
    9. Lindell,M.K.and Prater,C.S.,2005. A Hurricane Evacuation Management Decision Support System, College Station TX: Texas A&M University Hazard Reduction & Recovery Center.
    10. Lovas,G.G.,1994.“Models of wayfinding in emergency evacuations”, European journal of operational research, 105:371-389.
    11. Mileti,D.S.,1999. Disasters by Design: a reassessment of natural hazards in the United States, Washington : Joseph Henry Press.
    12. Ruback,B.R.,Nooris,F.H.and Riad,J.K.,1999. Predicting Evacuation in Two Major Disaster: Risk Perception, Social Influence, and Access to Resources. Journal of Applied Social Psychology,Vol.29, no.5,pp.918-934.
    13. Saarinen,T.F.,1976. Environmental Planning: Perception and Behavior,Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
    14. U.S.Department of Justice,2006. An ADA Guide for Local Governments: Making Community Emergency Preparedness and Response Programs Accessible to People with Disabilities.
    15. US Fed News Service,Sep 6,2006. American Association of Retired Persons offers tips to help older Americans prepare for emergencies.
    16. White,G.F.,1974. Natural hazard research concepts, methods, and policy implications, In Natural Hazard: Local, National, Global, ed. F.G.White, New York: Oxford University Press, pp.3-16.
    17. Wise,R.,2004.The challenge of integrating hospitals into a community emergency response ,California Statewide Medical and Health Disaster Management Conference.
    18. 室崎益輝,1997.大規模災害時之避難行動與避難計畫,台北:內政部消防署(演講稿)。
    三、網站部份
    1. 內政部統計資訊服務網 www.moi.gov.tw/stat/
    2. 中華民國統計資訊網 www.stat.gov.tw/
    3. 行政院農委會水土保持局 www.swcb.gov.tw/
    4. 行政院農委會水土保持局之土石流防災應變系統 fema.swcb.gov.tw/
    5. 全國法規資料庫 law.moj.gov.tw/
    6. 臺灣研究入口網 twstudy.ncl.edu.tw/
    7. Cornell Law School www.law.cornell.edu/
    8. FEMA:Federal Emergency Management Agency’s website. http://www.fema.gov/
    9. United States Access Board www.access-board.gov/
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    地政研究所
    94257011
    96
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094257011
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Land Economics] Theses

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