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    Title: 宋代的孤幼檢校政策及其執行──兼論南宋的「女合得男之半」
    Authors: 羅彤華
    Keywords: 宋代;孤幼;孤幼檢校法;兒女分產法;女合得男之半
    Date: 2011
    Issue Date: 2010-09-21 13:20:03 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 孤幼不僅存在撫育的問題,還有財產遭侵奪的危機。漢唐政府沒有把照顧孤幼視爲政府的責任,直到宋代,纔有專門針對孤幼生活與財產的制度設計。孤幼檢校法有保障孤幼生活,與保全其財產的作用。兒女分產法是專爲分配孤幼家產而立的新法。前者只要有宗親族人願意撫育孤幼,國家就不强制執行該法。後者源自張詠的判例,是由男子承分中撥出部分作爲孤幼的生活費,而調整男、女的財產比例,遂出現"女合得男之半"的特別法。但《名公書判清明集》所引兒女分產法極爲簡略,實際運用上有模糊空間,又可能與父系成員的利益發生衝突,所以該法只見於南宋,往後便不再行用。
    孤幼不僅存在撫育的問題,還有財產遭侵奪的危機。漢唐政府沒有把照顧孤幼視爲政府的責任,直到宋代,纔有專門針對孤幼生活與財產的制度設計。孤幼檢校法有保障孤幼生活,與保全其財產的作用。兒女分產法是專爲分配孤幼家產而立的新法。前者只要有宗親族人願意撫育孤幼,國家就不強制執行該法。後者源自張詠的判例,是由男子承分中撥出部分作爲孤幼的生活費,而調整男、女的財產比例,遂出現"女合得男之半"的特別法。但《名公書判清明集》所引兒女分產法極爲簡略,實際運用上有模糊空間,又可能與父系成員的利益發生衝突,所以該法只見於南宋,往後便不再行用。
    Relation: 中華文史論叢,2011(4),341-386+397
    Data Type: article
    Appears in Collections:[Department of History] Periodical Articles

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