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    政大機構典藏 > 理學院 > 心理學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/54643
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54643


    Title: 檢驗以比較為基礎的決策理論-Decision by sampling theory之適切性
    Examination of the comparison-based decision making theory: The boundary of the decision by sampling theory
    Authors: 李孟潔
    Contributors: 楊立行
    李孟潔
    Keywords: 評價與決策
    範圍頻次理論
    抽樣決策理論
    選擇理論
    judgment and decision making
    range frequency theory
    decision by sampling
    decision theory
    Date: 2011
    Issue Date: 2012-10-30 11:27:25 (UTC+8)
    Abstract:   Vlaev等人(2011)提出大部分決策理論可分為「數值優先(第一類)」、「計算數值並以比較為基礎(第二類)」及「純粹比較(第三類)」三種觀點。在純粹比較觀點中,Stewart等人(2006)提出的抽樣決策理論認為個人的決策歷程只有形成決策樣本,並將目標物與決策樣本中其他選項進行兩兩次序比較就能產生對該目標物的評價,不需要真正計算選項的數值。然而很少研究檢驗決策是否確實不牽涉刺激數值的計算,以及第三類觀點是否優於第一及第二類觀點的理論。
      本研究的目的為檢驗抽樣決策理論的適切性,並進行資料庫分析及四類實驗。資料庫分析以代表三種觀點的薪資、薪資相對位置及薪資相對排名為預測變項,工作滿意度為依變項進行階層回歸,結果支持相對排名最能預測工作滿意度。
      實驗部分則以Brown 等人(2008)的實驗設計為基礎,展開四類實驗檢驗排名對滿意度評價的影響是否存在且強勢。結果發現排名對滿意度評價的影響雖穩定存在,但影響強度會隨著實驗程序是否暗示受試者進行比較而改變,且相對位置亦會影響評價結果,因此本研究的結果支持第二類觀點的範圍頻次理論。
      然而抽樣決策理論並非錯誤。藉由比較四個實驗間的差異,本研究認為抽樣決策理論若將記憶或抽樣歷程可能發生的偏誤納入考量,應能增加對實證資料之解釋力。無論是範圍頻次理論或抽樣決策理論,由於未考量個人對物理刺激的感受性及物理空間與心理空間的對應關係,可能導致部分受試者的反應不適合用此類模型解釋,亦是未來可以進一步探討的方向。
      雖然受限於實驗設計無法檢驗受試者對於刺激材料的記憶程度,且實驗設計相較於真實決策情境簡單許多,外推性受到限制,但在相對簡單,比較細微實驗程序差異的本研究中,仍能看到個人隨著作業環境不同而改變行為模式的彈性,無疑是對傳統經濟學家的理性人假設的一個挑戰。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    心理學研究所
    99752005
    100
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0997520051
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[心理學系] 學位論文

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