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| Title: | 應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路的跨網路拓樸設計
Cross Network Topology Design for Contingency Cellular Network |
| Authors: | 黃冠傑
Huang, Kuan Chieh |
| Contributors: | 連耀南
Lien, Yao Nan
黃冠傑
Huang, Kuan Chieh |
| Keywords: | 大型自然災害
應急通訊
應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路
網路拓樸
最小生成樹問題
Large-scale disaster
Emergency communication
Contingency cellular network
Network topology
K-Minimum Spanning Tree problem |
| Date: | 2012 |
| Issue Date: | 2013-04-01 14:39:08 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 當大型災害發生時，往往造成傷亡慘重，若能把握於救災黃金72小時內救出受困民眾，則可望挽回更多寶貴的生命，但災區的通訊網路基礎設施時常因災害而遭受嚴重的損毀，無法正常運作。救災工作在缺乏通訊系統的支援下，因溝通協調的困難，大大提高救援的困難度。
我們分析歸納應急通訊系統的七大技術需求，提出一個可快速恢復特定區域通訊服務的網路，並為其設計通訊的拓樸結構。我們稱該網路為應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路(Contingency Cellular Network)，簡稱CCN網路。CCN網路利用倖存的連通基地台和斷訊卻沒有損毀的基地台，以無線電連接起來建構一個臨時性的通訊系統，具有建置速度快、使用門檻低等多項特點，災區內擁有行動電話的使用者，可利用本網路作為救災通訊之用。
本研究中，我們以各基地台通訊範圍內的通訊需求人數與災區毀損程度，作為效益參數，在數量有限的應急通訊設備下，連接不同電信業者倖存的基地台，建立應急蜂巢式行動網路的跨網路拓樸，此拓樸除追求最大救災效益外，並顧及通訊品質，避免建立負載失衡的連線。我們將問題塑模為一類似圖論中的K-Maximum Spanning Tree問題，稱為Depth Bounded Mutually Exclusive K-Maximum Profit Spanning Tree問題，並且提供數個快速的啟發式演算法，可在緊急時快速地建立應急蜂巢式行動網路的跨網路拓樸。
When stricken by a large-scale disaster, the efficiency of disaster response operation is very critical to life saving. However, communication systems, such as cellular networks, usually crashed due to various causes that make coordination extremely difficult for many disorganized disaster response workers. Unfortunately, rapid deployment of many existing emergency communication systems relies on a good transportation system, which is usually not available in a catastrophic natural disaster.
We analyze 7-ability for emergency communication systems and propose a Contingency Cellular Network (CCN) by connecting disconnected base stations together with wireless links and contingency recovery packages. CCN can support existing mobile phone users with limited capability. Such a system can support a large number of voluntary workers in the early hours of a catastrophic natural disaster, thus save many lives.
This thesis addresses the design of forwarding topology using multiple operator’s base stations aiming to maximize the efficiency of disaster response. We take the degree of emergency degree of the damage, population of each stricken as the priority measure as well as the amount of emergency recovery resources as the constraint to determine the topology. We model the CCN Cross Network Topology Design problem into a K-Maximum Spanning Tree Problem aiming to maximize disaster operation efficiency. The problem is proven to be NP Hard. We also design some efficient heuristic algorithms to solve the problem when it is needed in urgent.
第一章、 簡介 1
1.1、 災區應急通訊系統需求分析 3
1.1.1、 大型天然災害發生時救災行動面臨的挑戰 3
1.1.2、 固網與行動通訊系統癱瘓原因 5
1.1.3、 通訊設備修復困難 7
1.1.4、 大型災害的救災時效 7
1.1.5、 應急通訊網建置之挑戰與需求 8
1.1.6、 應急通訊網效能指標 12
1.2、 應急通訊網路簡介 13
1.3、 論文架構 14
第二章、 相關研究 15
2.1、 第三代行動通訊架構 15
2.1.1、 通用行動通訊系統陸地無線接入網 (UTRAN) 16
2.1.2、 核心網路 (Core Network) 16
2.1.3、 3G 網路通訊協定 17
2.2、 應急通訊系統種類 18
2.2.1、 專用高抗災通信平臺 19
2.2.2、 無線對講機 (Walkie-Talkie) 19
2.2.3、 業餘無線電 (Amateur radio) 20
2.2.4、 行動衛星通訊 (Satellite mobile phone) 21
2.2.5、 專業用集群通訊系統 (Trunking radio) 22
2.2.6、 移動基地台 (Cell on wheels) 23
2.2.7、 行動隨意式網路 (MANET) 24
2.2.8、 過去應急通訊系統相關研究 25
2.2.9、 應急通訊系統綜合比較 28
2.3、 相關演算法 30
2.3.1、 精確解法 (Exact Algorithm) 30
2.3.2、 後啟發式演算法 (Meta-heuristics) 32
2.3.3、 評論 35
2.4、 生成樹演算法 36
2.4.1、 最小生成樹Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) 36
2.4.2、 最大生成樹Maximum Spanning Tree (MaxST) 36
2.4.3、 K-Minimum Spanning Tree (K-MST) 36
2.4.4、 K-Maximum Spanning Tree (K-MaxST) 37
第三章、 應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路 (CCN) 38
3.1、 系統架構 40
3.1.1、 CCN連網方式 41
3.1.2、 系統元件 42
3.2、 通訊模式 45
3.2.1、 災區通訊型態分類 45
3.2.2、 CCN通訊模式 46
3.3、 CCN功能架構(Functional Architecture) 49
3.4、 CCN服務流程 52
3.5、 建置與運轉流程 55
3.6、 重要研究議題與未來研究方向 56
第四章、 應急蜂巢式行動通訊網路的跨網路拓樸設計 60
4.1、 設計理念與目標 60
4.2、 CCN網路拓樸的建構 61
4.3、 多連網台網路拓樸規劃 63
4.4、 問題定義 63
4.4.1、 救災效益定義 64
4.4.2、 問題描述 64
4.5、 最佳化問題模型 65
4.5.1、 限制深度互斥模型(DBME K-MaxST) 65
4.5.2、 自律深度互斥模型(DCME K-MaxST) 66
4.5.3、 自律深度模型(DC K-MaxST) 67
4.6、 演算法設計 69
4.6.1、 CCN Topology Design – Depth Bounded Mutually Exclusive 69
4.6.2、 CCN Topology Design – Depth Controlled Mutually Exclusive 74
4.6.3、 CCN Topology Design – Depth Controlled 78
第五章、 效能評估 80
5.1、 實驗目的 80
5.2、 實驗環境 80
5.3、 實驗說明 81
5.4、 實驗ㄧ：小規模實驗 81
5.4.1、 評估指標 81
5.4.2、 實驗參數設定 81
5.4.3、 實驗結果 82
5.5、 實驗二：大規模實驗 91
5.5.1、 評估指標 91
5.5.2、 實驗參數設定 92
5.5.3、 實驗結果 92
5.6、 實驗總結 100
第六章、 結論與未來展望方向 101
參考文獻 103
附錄 108 |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊科學學系
99753030
101 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099753030 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [資訊科學系] 學位論文
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