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    题名: 衛生安全與國際食品貿易：以「人類安全」檢視世貿組織相關立法缺失
    其它题名: Sanitary Security and International Food Trade: Awareness of the Legislative Problems within the WTO in Approach to Human Security
    作者: 李河清;譚偉恩
    Lee, Ho-Ching;Tan, Wei-En
    贡献者: 外交系
    关键词: 衛生安全;食品安全;人類安全;食品法典委員會;食品安全檢驗暨動植物防疫檢疫措施協定
    Sanitary Security;Food Safety;Human Security;Codex Alimentarius Commission;SPS Agreement
    日期: 2012-01
    上传时间: 2015-02-11 11:55:30 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 食品貿易全球化帶來了大量的經濟利益，但開放食品進口提供國內消費者更多選擇之餘，他們健康上面臨的風險也越來越高。易言之，食品貿易在締造財富的同時，也在威脅我們每一個人的飲食衛生安全。在出口國透過食品貿易賺取經濟利潤之際，進口國公共衛生安全法規的自主性也受到挑戰。全球食品貿易擴展的越快，主權國家面臨公共衛生與貿易自由化兩種法益權衡與選擇的困境就越強；一方面國家有義務保障本國人民的健康，但一方面其也必須遵守世界貿易組織（WTO）架構下的食品安全規範。有別於傳統的安全研究，本文主張將人類安全的概念置於衛生安全的核心思考中，並透過以「人」為本的安全觀來撿視目前的食品安全與貿易建制。經由個案研究，本文指出食品法典委員會（CAC）或世界動物衛生組織（OIE）所提供的國際食品安全標準非常值得商榷，不必然能保障人類的衛生安全。而回應此缺失的可行方法是以人類安全代替傳統上以國家為中心的安全思考，讓衛生安全的真正主體－個人，得到應有的重視。
    The globalization of trade in food has brought great economic benefits Food imports have expanded consumer choices but have also resulted in higher health risk. In other words, food trade has generated money and threatened the health of individual at the same time. While conferring tangible economic benefits on the states, the expansion of global commerce also has posed considerable challenges for their food safety regulatory structure. In light of the expansion of food trade, the sovereign state`s regulatory system has been faced with the dilemma of protecting public health by maintaining high national food safety standards, while simultaneously meeting their obligations under the WTO regime and its SPS Agreement. Contrary to conventional security studies, this paper views ”human security ” as the core value of sanitary security and integrates ”human security” into the relationship between food safety and trade regimes. Taking the human security approach as a new conceptual framework, the authors adopted the case study regarding the SPS Agreement under the WTO system. In analyzing the likely impact of the SPS Agreement on food safety, this study suggested that international food safety standards such as fish diseases listed by OIE or hormone residue in beef regulated by CAC`s standard-setting process, are critically doubtful. In addressing this, the attempts to strengthen sanitary security on a global level could possibly be seen in the efforts by the concept of human security to establish true security. It manifests the necessity of the securitization of sanitation from focusing on ”state” to the ”individual”.
    關聯: 問題與研究 , 51(1) , 69 - 110
    数据类型: article
    显示于类别:[外交學系] 期刊論文

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