政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/76944

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/76944

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题名:	捷克同性戀權利之研究 A Study of Homosexual Rights in the Czech Republic
作者:	歐陽萱 Ou Yang, Hsuan
贡献者:	林永芳 Lin, Yung Fang 歐陽萱 Ou Yang, Hsuan
关键词:	後共地區國家同性伴侶登記法反歧視法恐同症驕傲遊行 Post-communism Countries Act of Registered Partnership Act of Anti-discrimination Homophobia Pride Parade
日期:	2015
上传时间:	2015-07-27 11:35:49 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本文旨在研究捷克同性戀人權之進程，同時，檢視自共黨時期迄今，其同性戀之權利的發展與困境。透過討論較大範圍的同性戀人權，逐漸聚焦於捷克同性戀人權的現況與限制。而又因《國際人權法》和《歐洲人權公約》兩國際建制與規範的影響下，更進一步的提升捷克同性戀權利，亦促成捷克不斷對於其國內法規的修改，使之同性戀人權更為完善。另一方面，本文藉由同性戀之相關倡議團體和藝文活動，探討其背後所倡議的目的，同時，亦瞭解同性戀群體和社會大眾之間的關係。本文研究發現捷克對其同性戀的權利發展較為包容和開放，其一是政治與經濟成功的轉型，並接納相關人權的國際建制與規範，肯定「人權」的核心精神。其二是捷克國內的倡議團體和藝文活動相當活躍和積極，並持續地透過各種研討會、出版物或藝文活動，試圖一步步實踐多元文化主義的價值。 The aim of the context is studying the proceeding of homosexual rights in Czech Republic. Meanwhile, examines the development and dilemma of homosexual rights since the communism period to nowadays in Czech. Then it discusses the current status via wide range of modern homosexual rights and gradually focuses on the status quo and restrictions of Czech Republic. Due to the influence of international regimes called “International Human Rights Law” and “European Convention for Human Rights”, to further enhance the homosexual rights in Czech Republic. These international regimes not only contribute to amend the domestic legislation continually, but also try to enacting and improving the regulations of homosexual rights in Czech Republic. On the other side, this article refers to advocacy groups, arts and activities which relates to homosexuality. Besides, attempt to explore the purposes behind initiatives and to understand the relationship between homosexuality and general public. This study found that there are two reasons which the development of homosexual rights in Czech are much more inclusive and open. First, the transition of politics and economics are strongly successful. Not only accept the international regimes related to human rights, but certainly the core spirit of the “human rights”. Second, the Czech domestic advocacy groups and events are utterly dynamic and positive. In order to practice the value of multiculturalism constantly and gradually is via various seminars, publications or cultural events.
參考文獻:	中文一、專書 Herant A. Katchadourian，胡穎翀譯，《性學觀止》(北京：世界圖書出版， 2009) 王振寰、瞿海源主編，《社會學與台灣社會》（臺北：巨流，2009）朱浤源，《轉寫博碩士論文實戰手冊》(臺北：正中書局，1999) 李銀河，《性文化研究報告》(南京：江蘇人民出版社，2003) 楊光海，《國際安全制度及其在東亞的實踐》(北京：時事出版社，2010) 葉至成、葉立誠，《研究方法與論文寫作》(臺北：商鼎，2012) 廖福特，《歐洲人權法》(臺北：學林出版社，2003) 二、期刊、論文 Yves, Charpenel，吳志中譯，〈歐洲人權政策規範對法國國內法律判決之影響〉，《臺灣人權學刊》，第2卷第2期(2013)，頁69-90 王源森譯，〈捷克共和國憲法〉，《國會月刊》，第35卷第7期，2007，頁101- 122 吳全峰，未出版，〈從區域性人權公約看國際人權之實踐〉，《暨大電子雜誌》李慧珊，「女同志家庭親子關係法制之研究」，新竹：國立清華大學科技法律研究所碩士論文(民97) 胡啟嵐，「同性婚姻合法化的法理研究」，廣州大學法學院(2011) 張宏誠，「同性戀者權利平等保障之憲法基礎」，台北：政治大學法律學研究所碩士(1998) 許耀文，〈歐盟關於結婚權與組成家庭權之保護：從歐洲人權法院與歐洲法院相關案例談起〉，《歐美研究》，第38卷第4期，2008頁637-669 鄧衍森，〈歐洲人權公約的法制化發展〉，《月旦法學雜誌》，第44期，1999，頁 22-34 外文一、專書 Adam, Barry, Jan Willem Duyvendak, and André Krouwell(Eds.), The Global Emergence of Gay and Lesbian Politics: National Imprints of a Worldwide Movement, (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1999) Barker, Adele, Marie, (Ed.), Consuming Russia : popular culture, sex, and society since Gorbachev (Durham: Duke University Press, 1999) Clarke, Gemma, Fiona, McQueen, Michaela Pnacekova and Sabrina Sahli (Eds.),Examining Aspects of Sexualities and the Self, (Oxford: Inter-Disciplinary Press, 2010) Cook, Matt and Jenifer, Evans (Eds.), Queer Cities, Queer Cultures: Europe Since 1945 (London, New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014) Fisher, Robert and Nancy, Billias (Eds.), Examining Aspects of Sexualities and the Self, (Oxford: Inter-Disciplinary Press, 2010) Gessen, Masha, The Rights of Lesbians and Gay Men in Russian Federation,(San Francisco: International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission, 1994) Graupner, Helmut and Phillip, Tahmindjis (Eds.), Sexuality and Human Rights: A Global Overview (New York: Harrington Park Press, 2005) Jacobsson, Kerstin. and Steven, Saxonberg.(Eds.),Beyond NGO- ization : The Development of Social Movements in Central and Eastern Europe (U.K. : Ashgate Publishing, 2013) Johnson, Paul (Ed.), Homosexuality and the European Court and Human Rights (New York : Rougledge, 2012) Judith, Kelley, (Ed.), Ethnic Politics in Europe: The Power of Norms and Incentive,(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004) Leuween, Jiřina and Nicole, Richter (Eds.), Mediale Welten in Tschechien nach 1989: Genderprojektionen und Codes des Plebejismus (München: Kubon und Sagner, 2005) Kon, Igor, (Ed.), Moonlight at Dawn. 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Everyday Life of LGBT in Eastern Europe (Jubljana: Peace Institute, 2007) Moran, Leslie (Ed.), The Homosexuality of Law (London: Routledge, 2007) Nicholas, Bamforth (Ed.), Sexuality, Morals, and Justice: a Theory of Lesbian and Gay Rights Law (London: Cassell,1997) Phillips, Richard and Diane, Watt (Eds.), De-Centring Sexualities: Politics and Representations Beyond the Metropolis (New York : Routledge, 2000) Seidl, Jan (Ed.), Od žaláře k oltáři: Emancipace homosexuality v českých zemích od roku 1867 do současnosti (Brno, Czech Republic: Nakladatelství Host, 2012) Somoilov,Lev(Ed.), Perevyornutyi mir, (St. Petersburg: Izo- do FARN, 1993) Štulhofer,Aleksandar. and Theo, Sandfort(Eds.), Sexuality and Gender in Postcommunist Eastern Europe and Russia (N.Y. : Haworth Press, 2005) Thomas, Alfred (Ed.), The Bohemian Body: Gender and Sexuality in Modern Czech Culture (Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 2007) Vachudova, Milada, (Ed.),Europe Undivided: Democracy, Leverage,and Integration After Communism, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005) Waaldijk, Kees. and Andrew, Clapham(Eds.),Homosexuality: A European Community Issue: Essays on Lesbian and Gay Rights in European Law and Policy (Dordrecht ; Boston : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1993) Wintemute, Robert (Ed.), Sexual Orientation and Human Rights: The United States Constitution, the European Convention, and Canadian Charter (Berlin: Clarendon Press, 2003) 二、期刊、論文 Fúsková Jana, and Mária, Kočnerová (Eds.), “Identity of homosexual minority in the Central- European surrounding /case study of Czech and Slovak Republic”, The Annual Language and Politics and Politics of Identity, Vol. V (2011), pp. 125-132 Gerhards, Jürgen, “Non-Discrimination towards Homosexuality: The European Union’s Policy and Citizens’Attitudes towards Homosexuality in 27 European Countries”, International Sociology, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 5-28 Katherine, David-Fox, “Prague-Vienna, Prague-Berlin: The Hidden Geography of Czech Modernism”, Slavic Review, Vol. 59, No. 4(2000), pp.751 O’Dwyer, Conor, “Does the EU Help or Hinder Gay-Rights Movements in Postcommunist Europe? The Case of Poland”, East Europe Politics, Vol. 28, No. 4, December 2012, pp. 332-352 Sanders, Douglas, “ Getting Lesbian and Gay Issue on the International Human Rights Agenda”, Human Right Quarterly, Vol. 18, No.1(1996), pp. 67-106 Wintr,Jan, “Analýza české právní úpravy osvojení dítěte gayi, lesbami a bisexuálními lidmi ve světle práva Evropské unie a Evropské úmluvy olidských právech a základních svobodách”, Gender Studies (2009), pp. 1-6 三、機構報告 Beňová, Kateřina(Ed.), “Analysis of the Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Minority in the Czech Republic ” (Office of the Government of the Czech Republic, Prague, 2007) Human Rights Council for the Universal Periodic Review, “The Status of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights in the Czech Republic”2007 Honuskova, Vera and Pavel, Sturma (Eds), “Legal Study on Homophobia and Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity” (European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, 2010) 參、網路資料一、網站資料 “36 Hours in Prague” 〈http://www.36hoursinprague.com/〉(2015/2/6) “Council of Europe” 〈http://www.coe.int/en/web/portal/home〉(2014/11/3) “Czech Television” 〈http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/〉 “European Court of Human Rights” 〈http://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Convention_ENG.pdf〉(2014/11/1) “European Court of Human Rights” 〈http://www.echr.coe.int/Pages/home.aspx?p=home〉(2014/11/1) “European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights － LGBT Survey” 〈http://fra.europa.eu/en〉(2014/11/1) “Febiofest” 〈http://www.febiofest.cz/cz/〉(2015/1/28) “Feminismuscz” 〈http://www.feminismus.cz/〉(2015/02/26) “Gay and Lesbian League” 〈http://www.parnerstvi.cz/gll-uvod/〉(2014/12/19) “ILGA-Europe” 〈http://www.ilga-europe.org/〉(2014/11/28) “International Covenant on Civil and Political Right 〈http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx〉(2015/1/28) “IPPF European Network” 〈http://www.sexarchive.info/BIB/SexEd/SexEd.html#3.2〉(2014/11/28) “Jeden Svět” 〈http://www.jedensvet.cz/〉(2015/1/28) “Mezipatra” 〈http://www.mezipatra.cz/en/〉(2015/4/2) “Open Society Institute” 〈http://www.stejnarodina.cz/rodiny-a-spolecnost.html〉(2015/4/23) “Pew Research Center” 〈http://equaldex.com/region/czech-republic〉(2014/12/28) “Planet Romeo Foundation” 〈https://www.planetromeofoundation.org/〉(2015/4/23) “Prague Pride” 〈http://www.praguepride.cz/〉(2015/4/2) “STEM/MARK” 〈http://www.stemmark.cz/〉(2015/2/3) “The Criminal Code Of The Russian Federation” 〈http://www.russian-criminal-code.com/〉(2014/12/19) “The Public Opinion Research Centre” 〈http://cvvm.soc.cas.cz/en/〉(2014/11/1) “Universal Declaration of Human Rights” 〈http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/〉 “World Values Survey” 〈http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs.jsp〉(2014/12/13) 「人權團結聯盟」〈http://www.humanrights.com/zh/what-are-human-rights/international-human -rights -law-continued.html〉(2014/12/28) 「世界法律指南：捷克」〈http://www.lexadin.nl/wlg/legis/nofr/eur/lxwecze.htm〉(2014/11/1) 二、新聞網站「愛沙尼亞通過法案承認同性伴侶關係」，淡藍網，〈http://mypaper.pchome.com.tw/miss33lin/post/1331100880〉(2014/12/13) “Aleš Rumpel, head of the Mezipatra Queer Film Festival” 〈http://www.radio.cz/en/section/one-on-one/ales-rumpel-head-of-the- mezipatra-a-queer-film-festival〉(2015/4/26) “beProud” 〈http://www.proudem.cz/en/beproud.html〉(2015/4/24) “Brno sees first gay pride parade” 〈http://www.radio.cz/en/section/news/brno-sees-first-gay-pride-parade〉(2015/3/28) “Brno through the first gay parade in the Czech Republic” 〈http://zpravy.aktualne.cz/domaci/brnem-projde-prvni-pruvod-homosexualu-v-cesku/r~i:article:608571/〉(2015/4/2) “Ceny bePROUD 2013 získala Dagmar Křížková nebo herec Igor Chmela” 〈http://www.queermag.cz/2014/05/20/ceny-beproud-2013-ziskala-dagmar-krizkova-nebo-herec- igor-chmela/(2015/4/24) “Chceme víc než čtyři procenta, vzkázal Liška homosexuálům před volbami” 〈http://zpravy.idnes.cz/〉(2015/ 03/ 09) “Children 404” 〈http://www.oneworld.cz/2015/films-a-z/26853-children-404〉(2015/4/26) “Comment: With all eyes on anti-gay Russia, there are three countries with a shocking need for coverage” 〈http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2013/09/03/comment-with-all-eyes-on-anti-gay-russia-there-are-three-countries-with-a-shocking-need-for-coverage/〉(2014/12/13) “Controversy over Prague’s first gay and lesbian pride parade escalates” 〈http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/controversy-over-pragues-first-gay-and-lesbian- pride-parade-escalates〉(2015/3/28) “Czech President Milos Zeman criticised for homophobic snub of gay academic” 〈http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2013/05/20/czech-president-milos-zeman-criticised- for- nub-of-gay-academic/〉(2015/4/3) “Czech Gay and Lesbian Film Festival Mezipatra” 〈https://www.withoutabox.com/03film/03t_fin/03t_fin_fest_01over.php? Festival_id=6288〉(2015/4/26) “Duhové semináře” 〈http://www.duhoveseminare.cz/o-projektu〉(2015/4/23) “Gay Pride Festival Comes to Prague” 〈http://intransit.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/04/gay-pride-festival-comes-to-prague /?_r=0〉(2015/4/2) “Government issues new handbook to combat homophobia in Czech schools” 〈http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/government-issues-new-handbook-to-combat-homophobia-in-czech-schools〉(2015/2/26) “In Prague, a Fight for Gay Rights Goes International” 〈http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/09/in-prague-a-fight-for-gay-rights-goes-international/245064/〉(2015/4/3) “Klaus backs aide`s anti-gay missive” 〈http://www.praguepost.cz/news/9773-klaus-backs-aides-anti-gay-missive.html〉(2015/4/2) “Martina Navratilova, David Cicilline Urge Support For Prague Pride” 〈http://www.ontopmag.com/article.aspx?id=16118&MediaType=1& Category=22〉(2015/4/2) “Mezipatra Awarded Films” 〈http://old.mezipatra.cz/en/pro-media-2009/1291-mezipatra-awarded- films.html〉(2015/4/26) “Mezipatra brings queer cinema to Prague screens” 〈http://ceskapozice.lidovky.cz/mezipatra-brings-queer-cinema-to-prague-screens-ftk-/tema.aspx?c= A111111_103254_pozice_43812&setver=touch〉(2015/4/26) “Mezipatra na středu” 〈http://www.ilist.cz/clanky/mezipatra-2004-streda〉 (2015/02/26) “Nerozumím, proč chtějí dítě do homosexuálního vztahu, diví se lidovec”〈http://zpravy.idnes.cz/rozhovor-o-pochodu-pro-rodinu-a-osvojeni-v-registrov-registrovanem-paru-p7p-/dom aci.aspx?c=A140815_113018_domaci_kop〉(2015/4/3) “Prague Pride 2013 Returns with a Cutting Edge Program Focusing on Coming Out” 〈http://prague.tv/en/s72/Directory/Business/c1397-Press-Releases/n2035-prague-pride-2013-returns with-cutting-edge-program-focusing-coming-out〉(2015/4/2) “Prague Pride 2014” 〈http://www.eastmeetswest.eu/post/100074068333/prague-pride-2014〉(2015/4/3) “Prague Pride 2014 to Support LGBT Rights in Repressive States” 〈http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/prague-pride-2014-to-support-lgbt-rights-in-repressive-states〉(2015/4/3) “Prague Pride 2015 will Celebrate Fifth Anniversary of the Ever Growing Gestival” 〈http://praguemonitor.com/2015/03/22/prague-pride-2015-will-celebrate-fifth-anniversary-ever-growing-festival〉(2015/4/3) “Prague Pride Offers `Live Avatar` Campaign For Residents In Nations Where LGBT-Friendly Events Are Banned 〈http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/15/prague-pride-avatar-_n_5682727.html〉(2015/4/2) “Prague Pride Overcomes Political Controversy to Become the Biggest LGBT Festival in Central Easter Europe” 〈http://lgbttravelblog.gaymonde.com/2012/07/prague-pride-overcomes-political.html〉(2015/4/2) “Registrované partnerství v Česku uzavřelo už přes 1600 homosexuálů” 〈http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/178697-registrovane-partnerstvi-v-cesku-uzavrelo-uz-pres-1-600-homosexualu.html〉(2015/ 02/ 26) “Stále více firem těží z Prague Pride. "Růžové peníze" chce Staropramen i Bontonfilm” 〈http://domaci.ihned.cz/cesko/c1-62628620-prague-pride-pink-money-sponzor-i-gay-lesby-homosexualita-glbt-staropramen-bontonfilm〉(2015/4/2) “The city`s LGBT community celebrates the fourth annual Prague Pride” 〈http://praguemonitor.com/2014/07/29/citys-lgbt-community-celebrates-fourth-annual-prague-pride〉(2015/4/2) “The Mezipatra Film Festival celebrates the colorful truth about LGBTQ” 〈http://blog.praguepost.com/component/tags/tag/957-mezipatra-film-festivali〉(2015/4/26) “The Czech Queer Film Festival” 〈http://www.expats.cz/prague/article/press-releases/mezipatra-czech-queer-film-festival/〉(2015/4/26) “There is a law and the adoption of children” 〈http://zpravy.idnes.cz/prague-pride-2014-01y-/domaci.aspx?c=A140728_142521_domaci_kop〉(2015/4/3) “Time travel, Sci-Fi, films by Todd Haynes highlighted at 12th Mezipatra Queer Film festival” 〈http://radio.cz/en/section/arts/time-travel-sci-fi-films-by-todd--haynes-highlighted-at-12th-mezipatra-queer-film-festival?set_default_version=1〉(2015/4/26) “To Russia with Love” 〈http://www.praguepride.cz/en/to-russia-with-love.html〉(2015/4/2) “Turning X in an XXY World: The 10th Mezipatra Queer Film Festival” 〈http://sensesofcinema.com/2009/festival-reports/turning-x-in-an-xxy-world-the-10th-er-film-festival/〉(2015/4/26) “V PŘÍPADĚ, ŽE SE STANETE PRIMÁTOREM/PRIMÁTORKOU, BUDETE JEJ PODPOROVAT FORMOU UDĚLENÍ ZÁŠTITY?” 〈http://www.praguepride.cz/informace/aktuality/723-anketa-mezi-kandidaty-na-primatora.html〉(2015/4/2) “Warsaw`s gay pride reveals the face of modern Poland” 〈http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jul/19/poland-gay-pride-warsaw〉(2014/12/13)
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