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    题名: DNA指紋於刑事鑑識的統計方法探討
    作者: 黃崑明
    HUANG, KUN-MING
    贡献者: 戴政
    黃崑明
    HUANG, KUN-MING
    日期: 1992
    1991
    上传时间: 2016-05-02 15:17:17 (UTC+8)
    摘要: DNA 指紋學或稱DNA 模樣學在刑事科學上之應用已引起當程度的重視。在重大刑案，如凶殺案或強暴案之犯罪現場所蒐集到的生物跡證，若能粹取出質和量皆適宜的DNA ，則以Southern 墨漬技術做DNA 的RFLP 分析，可用來確認VNTR 基因座的重複單位之次數 (即片段長度) ，進而以其模樣做為判定嫌犯的DNA 樣品和罪犯的DNA 樣品來源是否相同，這將會是法庭上的一個強而有力證據。由於片段長度相當多，然長度差異又不太大且有測量誤差，使得條紋尺寸之分布是類似連續的，不能很清楚地把不同的片段長度區別出來，因此如何選定一個準則以將尺寸相近的條紋歸為一類，有其重要性。本文就以上問題，提出一些可能的解決方法，並以一個實例來解釋。
    參考文獻: [1 ]黃女恩，「三段高變異性基因(a-globin-3` - HVR , insulin-5`-HVR，C-Ha-ras-3`- HV R) 在中國人中之分布及其應用於刑事鑑識之研究」，中央警官學校警政研究所碩士論文，民國七十九年六月。
    [2] 李成章和張武男主編，「遺傳學詞彙」，國立中興大學遺傳學詞彙編輯委員會編著，民國七十八年十一月，四版，東華書局。
    [3] Baird,M., Balazs,I., Giusti,A., Miyazaki,L., Nicholas,L., Wexler,K., Kanter,E., Glassberg,J., Allen,F., Rubinstein,P. and Sussman,L., 1986. "Allele frequency distribution of two highly polymorphic DNA sequences in three ethnic groups and its application to the determination of paternity." Am. J. Hum. Genet. 39: 489-501.
    [4] Balazs,I., Baird,M., Clyne, M. and: Meade, E., 1989. "Human population genetic studiws of five hypervariable DNA loci." Am. J. Hum. Genet. 44:182-1989.
    [5] Berry,D.A., 1991. "Inferences using DNA profiling in forensic identification and paternity cases." Statistical Science Vo1.6, No 2:175-205.
    [6] Budowle,B., Giusti,A.M., \\Vaye,J.W., Baechtel,F.S., Fourney,R.M., Adams,D.E., Presley,L.A., Deadman,H.A. and Monson,K.L., 1991. "Fixed-bin analysis for statistical evaluation of continuous distrubutions of allelic data from VNTR loci, for use in forensic comparisons. " Am. J. Hum. Genet. 48:841-855.
    [7] Chakraborty,R. and Kidd,K .K., 1991. "The utility of DNA typing in forensic work. " Science Vo1.254 :1735-1739.
    [8] Cohen, J.E., 1990. "DNA fingerprinting for forensic identification: potential effects on data interpretation of subpopulation heterogeneity and band number variability." Am. J. Hum. Genet. 46:358-368.
    [9] Cotton,R.W., Anderson, M.B., Herrin,G., JR., Corey,A.M., Sheridan,K.T., Topelli,L.A.,\\Vasko\\\\`ski,C.A. and Garner,D.D., 1989. "Current case experience with single-locus hypervariable probes."
    In: DNA Technology and Forensic Science: pp191-206. Jack Ballantyne (Ed.) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. New York.
    [10] Debenham,P.G., 1992. :`Probing identity: the changing face of DNA fingerprinting." Tibtech vol.10 : 96-102.
    [11] Devlin, B., Risch, N .,and Roeder, K., 1991. "Estimation of allele frequencies for VNTR loci. " Am. J. Hum. Genet. 48:662-676.
    [12] Elder,J .K. and Southern,E.M. "Conputer-aided analysis of one-dimensional restriction fragment gels." In: Nucleic acid and protein sequence analysis: a practical approach (eds Bishop, M.J. and Rawlings, C.J. - Oxford: IRL, C 1987.
    [13] Evett, I. W., Gill, P., 1991. "A discussion of the robustness of methods for assessing the evidential value of DN A single locus profiles in crime investigations." Electrophoresis 12:226-230.
    [14] Gill, P. and Werrett, J.D., 1990a. "Interpretation of DNA profiles using a computerised database. "Electrophoresis 11 :444-448.
    [15] Gill, P., Sullivan, K., and Werrett, J.1990b. "The analysis of hypervariable DNA profiles: Problems associated with the objective determination of the probability of a match." Hum. Genet. 85:75-79.
    [16] Gill,P., Evett,I.W., Woodroffe,S., Lygo, J.E., Iv1illican,E. and Webster , M. ,1991. "Databases, quality control and interpretation of DNA profiling in the Home Office Forensic Science Service. " Electrophoresis 12:204-209.
    [17] Jeffreys,A.J., Wilson,V. and Thein,S.L., 1985. "Individual-specific `fingerprints` of human DNA." Nature Vol. 316:76-79.
    [18) Jeffreys,A.J., Royle,N.J., Patel,I., Armour,J.A.L., MacLeod,A., Collick,A., Gray,LC., Neumann,R., Gibbs,M., Crosierr,M., Hill,M., Signer,E. and Monckton D., 1991. "Principles and recent advances in human DNA fingerprinting. " In: DNA fingerprinting:
    Approaches and Applicstions (Eds Burke.T., Dolf,G., Jeffreys,A.J. and Wolff,R.) : pp1-19 (Birkhauser,Base).
    [19] Lander,E.S., 1989a. "DNA fingerprinting on trial" Nature Vol. 339: 501-505.
    [20] Lander ,E.S., 1989b. "Population genetic considerations in the forensic use of DNA typing." In: DNA Technology and Forensic Science: ppI43-156., Jack Ballantyne (Ed.) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. New York.
    [21] Lewontin, R.C. and Hartl D.L., 1991. "Population genetics in forensic DNA typing. " Science Vo1.254:1745-1750.
    [22] Li,C.C., Weeks,D.E., Ferrell,R.E., Chakravarti,A. 1991. "A new measure of similarity of DN A fingerprints. " In: Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of Human Genetics Vo1.49, No.4, p14:64.
    [23] Odelberg,S.J. and White,R., 1989. "Tandemly repeated DNA and its application in forensic biology." In: DN A Techno logy and Forensic Science: pp257 - 263. Jack Ballantyne (Ed.) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. New York.
    [24] Risch,N.J. and Devlin,B. 1992. "On the probability of matching DNA fingerprints. " Science Vo1.255: 717-720.
    [25] Ross,A.M. and Harding H.\\V.J. 1989. ) "DNA Typing and Forensic Science. " Forensic Science International 41:197-203.
    [26] Roberts, L., 1991. "Fight erupts over DNA fingerprinting." Science Vol.254:1721-1723.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    統計學系
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002004647
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[統計學系] 學位論文

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