政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/89888
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 109948/140897 (78%)
Visitors : 46090473      Online Users : 1552
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
    •  Adv. Search
    Home ‧ Login ‧ Upload ‧ Help ‧ About ‧ Administer Goto mobile version


    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/89888


    Title: 中小學生批判思考及其相關因素之研究
    Authors: 葉玉珠
    Contributors: 吳靜吉
    葉玉珠
    Date: 1991
    1990
    Issue Date: 2016-05-02 17:12:22 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究旨在了解中小學生批判思考能力之現況，並探討批判思考與其前置變項及後果變項之關係，接以提出建議。本研究首先探討性別、年級、城鄉別、認知風格(場地獨立)及動機等前置變項與批判思考的關係；其次探討批判思考與學業成就(後果變項)之關係；然後探討性別、城鄉別、智力、認知風格及動機與批判思考的典型相關，最後提出建議，以供批判思考教學及研究之參考。
    Reference: 參考書目
    一、中文參考書目:
    了振豐(民76) 。學生場地獨立性與教學方法的交互作用對認知及情意學習效果之影響。師大輔導研究所碩士論文。
    王連生(民77) 。教育哲學研究。台北:五南圖書公司。
    中華技術院(民71) 。中文大辭典第四?。台北:文化大學出版部。
    孔令信(民72) 。巴斯卡:思考的蘆葦。台北:時報文化出版社。
    朱敬先(民77) 。教育心理學。台北:五南圖書社。
    江方盛(民79) 。高雄市國民小學教師批判思考教學行為之研究。師大碩士論文。
    李英明(民75) 。哈伯瑪斯。台北:東大圖書公司。
    李德高(民77) 。教育心理學。台北:五南圖書公司。
    倪鳴香(民70) 。幼兒創造力發展及其相關因素之研究。文化大學碩士論文。
    林玉體(民77) 。西洋教育史。台北:文景出版社。
    林清江(民69) 。我國中小學公民教育內涵及實施成效之研究。台北:行政院研考會。
    林清江(民70) 。教育社會學新論。台北:五南圖書公司。
    林瑞榮(民77) 。小學社會課程的發展趨勢及其啟示。師大碩士論文。
    韋政通(民73) 。中國哲學思想批判。台北:水牛出版社。
    柯華葳、秦葆琦(民75) 。中國見童政治行為研究。板橋:省國教教師研習會。
    唐華著(民70) 。中國理則學與西洋邏輯。台北:大中國圖書公司。
    許在世(民75) 。國民小學社會科教學現況及改進途徑之研究。高雄:復文圖書公司。
    張玉成(民78) 。教師發問技巧。台北:心理出版社。
    張守泰(民66) 。前導架構短文與認知型式對閱讀成績的影響。攻大教育研究所碩士論文。
    張春興，林清山(民75) 。教育心理學。台北:東華書局。
    張春典(民76) 。心理學概要。台北:東華書局。
    張春典(民78) 。張氏心理學辭典。台北:東華書局。
    郭生玉(民77) 。心理與教育測驗。台北:精華書局。
    黃公偉(民58) 。哲學概論。台北:帕米爾圖書公司。
    黃正鵠(民73) 。精神分析基本理論。高雄:復文圖書公司。
    溫世頌(民76) 。教育心理學。台北:三民書局。
    陳中人譯(民78) 。現象學與哲學的危機。台北:結構群出版社。
    陳曉林(民79) 。壯歲旌旗。台北:時報文化出版企業有限公司。
    陳伯璋(民76) 。潛在課程研究。台北:五南圖書公司。
    陳慶文(民59) 。學習心理學。台北:台灣書店。
    郭為藩(民76) 。科技時代的人文教育。台北:幼獅圖書公司。
    游恆山譯(民76) 。實用思考指南。台北:遠流出版社。
    項退結(民77) 。邁向未來的哲學思考。台北:東大圖書公司。
    程炳林(民80) 。國民中小學生激勵的學習策略之相關研究。政大碩士論文。
    楊莉容譯(民79) 。皮亞傑。台北:桂冠圖書公司。
    楊銀典(民76) 。國小學生場地獨立性、內外控信念與道德判斷的關係。師大教育研究所碩士論文。
    廖元輝譯(民77) 。思維心理學。台北:五洲出版社。
    編輯小組(民70) 。教育哲學。台北:文景出版社。
    劉伯明譯(民62) 。思維術。台北:華崗出版社。
    劉德勝(民76) 。小學社會科課程結構與內涵。高雄:復文圖書公司
    齊隆鯤(民76) 。諮商投術與策略。高雄:復文圖書公司。
    歐用生、林瑞欽(民75) 。價值澄清法。高雄:復文圖書公司。
    歐用生(民78) 。課程與教學--概念、理論與實際。台北:文景出版社。
    歐陽教(民71) 。道德判斷與道德教學。台北:文景出版社。
    鍾聖校(民79) 。認知心理學。台北:心理出版社。
    葉學志(民73) 。教育哲學。台北:三民書局。
    籃順德(民75) 。公民教育的內涵。高雄:復文圖書公司。
    二、中文參考期刊:
    毛連溫、劉燦梁、陳麗華(民80) 。康乃爾批判思考測驗之修訂。
    中國測驗學會測驗年刊，第38輯，頁109-123 。
    江芳盛(民78) 。為甚麼要教導學生思考。現代教育，第四卷，第四期，頁145-153 。
    成中英(民72) 。啟盟運動中理性角色的反省與自覺。中國論壇，第十六卷，第三期，頁7-8 。
    吳靜吉等(民68) 。場地獨立性的發展及其相關因素之研究。教育與心理研究，第三期，頁118-139 。
    吳靜吉(民79) 0 未發表之講義。
    林玉體(民76) 。談邏輯解析與思考教學。現代教育，第二卷，第三期，頁63-70 。
    柯麗儀、周麗玉(民78) 。躍吉斯與你--真誠、尊重與同理的暸解。
    諮商與輔導，第39期，頁45-46。
    胡夢鯨(民77) 。從思想研究的本質與步驟談「回歸原典」的必要性。現代教育，第三卷，第二期，頁150-161 。
    高廣孚(民76) 。哲學分析與教學研究。現代教育，第二卷，第二期，頁43-62 。
    陳伯璋(民79) 。哈伯瑪斯「批判解釋學」及其對課程研究的啟示。
    師大教育研究所集刊，第24輯，頁73-131 。
    陳麗華(民78) 。國小社會科批判思考教學的省思。現代教育，第七卷，第15期，頁121-135 。
    張春興(民77) 。知之歷程與教之歷程:認知心理學的發展及其在教育上的應用。教育心理學報，第21期，頁17-18 。
    歐陽教(民53) 。康德的哲學與教育思想。師大教研所集刊，第七集，頁242 。
    歐陽教(民76) 。教學的哲學分析。現代教育，第二卷，第二期，頁32-41 。
    蘇永明(民69) 。杜威的教育哲學。今日教育，第38期，頁69-73。
    三、英文參考書目
    Baron, J., Badgio, P. C. & Gaskins, I. W. (1986). Cognitive
    styles and its improvement: a normative approach. In R. J.
    Sternberg (ed.) Advances In the psychology of human
    intelligence. Broadway: Lawrence Erlbaum Association, Inc.
    Baron, J. B. & Sternberg, R. J. (1986). Teaching thinking
    skills: theory and practice. New York: W. H. Freeman
    Company.
    Bastein, C. (1985). A developmental model of problem solving.
    In G`ery d`YDEWALLE (ed.) Cognition. information
    processing. and motivation. Emsterdam: Elsevier Science
    Publishing Company.
    Beck, R. C . (1983) . Motivation: theories and principles..
    Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Inc.
    Beyer, B. K. (1988b). Developing a thinking skills program.
    Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Inc.
    Borkowski. J. G. & Krause. A. J. (1985). Metacognition and
    attributional beliefs. In G`ery d`YDEWALLE (ed.) Cognjtion.
    information processing. and motivation. Emsterdam: Elsevier
    Science Pulishing Company.
    Brookfield. S. D. (1987). Developing critical thinkers:
    challenge adults to explore alternative ways of thinking
    actjng. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
    Connerton. P. (1978). Critical sociology. Harmondsworth:
    Penguin Press.
    Dewey. J. (1910). How we think. Boston: Heath.
    Ennis. R. H. (1985b). Goals for a critical thinking
    curriculum. In A. L. Costa (ed.) Developing minds: a
    resource book for teaching Thinking. Virginia: ASCD.

    Ennis. R. H., Millman, J. & Tomko, T . N . (1985) . Cornell
    critical thinking tests level X & level Z-Manual. CA:
    Midwest Publications.
    Ennis, R. H. (1987). A taxonomy of critical thinking
    dispositions and abilities. In J. B. Baron & R. J. Sternberg
    (eds.) Teaching thinking skills: theory and practice. New
    York: W. H. Freeman Company.
    Evans. J. St B.T. (1983). Thinking and reasoning. London:
    Routledge & Kegan Paul.
    Freeman, W. H. (1986). Teaching thinking skills: theory and
    practice. In J. B. Baron & R. J. Sternberg (eds.) Teaching
    thinking skills: Theory and practice. New York: W. H.
    Freeman Company.
    Goldstein, K. M. & Blackman, S. (1978). Cognitive style.
    Ohio: John Wiley & Son. Inc.
    Grant. G. E. (1988). Teaching critical thinking. New York:
    Praeger Publishers.
    Hoffman, M. L. (1986). Affect-cognition and motivation. In
    R. M. Sorrentino & E. T. Huggins (eds.) Handbook of
    motivation and cognition. New York: Guilford Publication.
    Hudgins. B. B. (1977). Learning & teaching-a prImer for
    teachers. Illinois: F. E. Peacock Publishers, Inc.
    Kuhl, J. & Wassijew, I. (1985). An information processing
    perspective on motivation: intrinsic task-involvement,
    problem solving, and the complexity of action plans. In
    G`ery d`YDEWALLE (ed. ) Cognition. information processing.
    and motivation. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishing
    Company.
    Kuhl. J & Atkinson. J. W. (1986). Motivation. thought. and
    action. New York: Praeger Publishers.
    Kuhl. J. & Geiger. E. (1986). The dynamic theory of the
    anxiety allocation. In J. kuhl & J. W. Atkinson (eds.)
    Motivatjon. TbOUght. and Action. New York : Praeger
    Publishers. New York: Praeger Publishers.
    Kuhl. J. & Blankenship. (1989). The dynamic theory of
    achievement motovation: from episodic to dynamic thinking.
    In J. Kuhl & J. `W. Atkinson (eds. ) Motivation. thought.
    and action. New York: Praeger Publishers.
    Kuhl. J. (1986). Motivation and information processing: a
    new look at decision making, dynamic change, and action
    Control. In R. M. Sorrentino & E. T. Higgins (eds.)
    Handook of motivation and cognition. New York: Guilford
    Publication.
    Mayer. R. E. (1987). educational psychology: a cognitive
    approach. Boston: Little. Brown and Company.
    Mckeachie. `W. J .? Pintrich. P. R. & Lin. Y. (1985). Learn to
    learn. In G`ery d`YOEWALLE (ed.) Cognition. information
    processing. and motivation. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science
    Publishing Company.
    Mctighe, J. & Schollonberger. J. (1985). Why teach thinking:
    a statement of rationale. In A. L. Costa (eds.)
    Developing Minds. U. S. : The Association for Supervision &
    Curriculum Development.
    Neimark. E. D. (1987). Advantures In thinking. Orlando:
    Harcourt `Brace Jovanovich. Inc.
    Nickerson. R. S .. Perkins. D. N .. & Smith. E. E. (1985). The
    teaching of thinking. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum
    Associates. Publishers.
    Nickerson, R. S. (1986). Reasoning. In R. F. Dillion & R. J.
    Sternberg (eds.) Cognition and instruction. California:
    Academic Press, Inc.
    Norris, S. P. & and Ennis R. H. (1989). Evaluating critical
    thinking. C. A. : Midwest Publications.
    Ozman, H. A.& Craver, S. M. (1986). Philosophical
    foundations of education. Columbus: A Brell &Howell
    Paul. R. (1990b). Critical thinking: What every person needs
    to survive in a rapidly changing world. C.A.: Center for
    Critical Thinking and Morale Critique.
    Pintrich, P. R. (1988). A process-oriented View or student
    motivation and cognition. In J. S. Stark & L. Mets (eds.)
    Improving teaching and learning through research. San
    Francisco: Jessy-Bass.
    Pintrich. P. R. (1989). The dynamic interplay of student
    motivation and cognition in the college classroom. In C.
    Ames & M. Machr (eds.) Advences In motivation and
    achievement. Grinwich: TAI Press.
    Pressisen. B. Z.(1985). Thinking skills: meaning and models.
    In Costa. A. L.(ed.) Developing minds: a resource book
    for teaching thinking. Virginia: ASCD.
    Raynor, J. O. & Mcfarlin, (1986). Motivation and the Self-system.
    In R. M. Sorrentino(ed.) Handbook of motivation
    and Cognition. New York: Guilford Publication.
    Ruggiero, V. R. (1988). Teaching thinking across the
    curriculum. New York: Happer & Row Publishers.
    Scheffler, I. (1973). Reason and teaching. London: Routhedge
    and Kagan Paul .
    Siegel, H. (1988). Educating reason: rationality, critical
    thinking and education. London: Roulthedge.
    Siegler, R. S. (1986). Children`s thinking. Englewood Cliffs:
    Prentice-Hall. Inc.
    Smith, R. M. (1982). Learning how to learn. Cambridge: The
    Adult Education Company.
    Sternberg. R. (1985a). Critical thinking: its nature,
    measurement, and improvement. In R. L. Frances (ed.)
    Essays on the Intellect. Virginia: ASCD.
    Sternbeg, R. (1986). Cognition and instruction: why the
    marriage sometimes ends in divorce. In R. F. Dillion & R.
    J. Sternberg (eds.) Cognition and instruction. California:
    Academic Press. Inc.
    Witkin, H. A. (1978). Cognitive styles in personal cultural
    adapt ion. Clark University Press.
    Yinger. R. J. (1980). Can We really teach them to think? In
    R. E. Young (ed.) Eorstering critical thinking. San
    Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
    Young, R. E. (1980). Editor`s notes: critical thinking--a
    renewed interest. In R. E. Young (ed.) Forstering Critical
    Thinking. San Fracisco: Jossey-Bass.
    四、英文參考期刊：
    Alexander, P. A., Willson, V. L., White, C. S. & Fuqua, J. D.
    (1987). Analogical reasoning in young children. Journal of
    Educational Psychology. 79(4). 401-408.
    Annis, L. F. (1979). Effect of cognitive style and learning
    passage organization on study technique effectiveness.
    Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(5). 620-626.
    Arnold G. H. Hart, A. & Campbell. K. (1988). Introducing the
    Wednesday revolution. Educatjonal Leadership, 45(7), 48.
    Barell, J., Liebmann. R. & Sigel, I. (1988).Forstering
    thoughtful self-direction in students, Educational
    Leardership. 45(7), 14-17.
    Baxter, M. & Marcia, B. (1987).Gender differences in
    cognitive development. Paper presented at the Annual
    Meeting of the American Educational Research Association
    Washington.DC .
    Batcheller, M F. (1985). Implementing a critical thinking
    skills program in the social studies curriculum K-12
    Educational leadership, 42(8), 46.
    Beyer, B. K. (1983) . Commen sense about teaching thinking
    skills. Educational Leadership. 41(3), 44-49.
    Beyer, B. K. (1985a). Critical thinking: What is it? Social
    Education, 49(4), 270-276.
    Beyer, B. K. (1985b). Teaching critical thinking: a direct
    approach. Social Education. 49(4), 297-303.
    Beyer, B. K. (1985c). Critical thinking revisited. Social
    Education, 49(4), 268-269.
    Beyer, B. K. (1988a). Developing a scope and sequence for
    skills instruction. Educational Leadershjp, 45(7), 26-30.
    Biggs, J. B. (1978). Individual and group differences in
    study processes. British Journal of Educational Psychology,
    4a(3). 266-279.
    Bitner. C & Betty, L. (1988) . Logical and critical
    thinking abilities of sixth through twelfth grade students
    and formal reasonlng modes as predictors of critical
    thinking abilities and academic achievement. Paper
    presented at the Annual Meeting of the National
    Association for Research in `Science Teaching. Lake of the
    Ozarks, MO.
    Brandt. R. S. (1985). On creativity and thinking skills: a
    coversation with David Perkins. Educational Leadership, 43
    (4). 12-13.
    Brell. C. D. (1990). Critical- thinking . as transfer: the
    reconstructive integration of otherwise discrete
    interpretations of experience. Educational Theory, 40(1),
    53-85.
    Brown. L.E .. & Cook, E. (1975). How children`s interests
    affect their critical thinking ability. Educational
    Leadership. 32(5). 339-342.
    Bussey, K. & Maughan, B. (1982). Gender difference in
    reasoning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
    42(4). 701-706.
    Derrico, P. J. (1988). Learning to think with philosophy for
    children. Educational Leadership, 45(7), 34.
    Diamond. I. D. (1977). Resistence to change: relationship of
    personality and cognitive innovation diffusion process.
    Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the College
    Reading Association. Cincinati, Ohi.
    Doherty, D. C. (1990). Using corporate-sponsored materials
    to teach history and social science skills. Educational
    Leadership, 47(4). 81-83.
    Doolittle, A. & Welch. C. (1989). Gender differences in
    performance on the college-level achievement test. Paper
    presented at the Annual Meeting of the American
    Educational Research Association. San Fracisco, CA.
    Doyle, W. & Cater, K. (1984). Academic tasks In classroom.
    Curricylum Inquiry, 14(2), 139-149.
    Dunkin, M. J. & Doenau, S. J,. (1980). A replication study
    of unique and Joint contributions to variance In student
    achievement. 72(3). 394-403.
    Echeverria, E. (1990). Learning and using critical thinking.
    Unpublished paper in Philosophy for Children: East and
    West, 1-13.
    Ehri, L. C. & Muzio. I. M. (1974). Cognitive style and
    reasoning about speed. Journal of Educational Psychology,
    66,569-571.
    Ennis. R. H. (1962). A concept of critical thinking. Harvard
    Educatjoal Review, 32(1), 81-111.
    Ennis. R. H. (1985a). A logical basis for measuring critical
    thinking skills. Educational Leadershjp, 43(2), 45-48.
    Ennis, R. H. (1985c). Critical thinking and the curriculum.
    Phi Kappa Phi Journal. 65(1), 28-31.
    Farrar, M. T. (1986). Four conceptions of literacy. Reading
    Psychology, 7(1). 43-55.
    Flexer. B. K. & Roberge, J. J. (1983). A longitudinal
    investigation of field dependence-independence and the
    development of formal operatinal thought. British Journal
    of Educational Psychology, 53(part 2) 195-204.
    Frank. B. M. (1984). Effect of independence-dependence and
    study technique on learning from a lecture. American
    Educational Research. 3(21), 669-678.
    Fridman, G. H .. Lehrer, B. E. & Stevens. J. P. (1983). the
    effectiveness of self-directed and lecture/ discussion
    stresss management approaches and the locus of control of
    teacher. American Educational Research Journal, 20(4), 563-
    580.
    Garett. K., & Wulf, K. (1978). The relationship of a measure
    of critical thinking ability to personality variables and
    to indicators of academic achievement. Educational and
    Psychological Measurement, 38(4), 1181-1187.
    Gibbs, J. C. et ale (1986) . Relations between moral
    judgement. moral courage. and field independence. Child
    Development. 57(1). 185-193
    Hansson, S. B .. Ryden. D. D., & Johnsson. P. (1986). field-dependence/
    independence: ability in relation to mobility-fixity.
    Perceptual and Motor Skills. 63(1. part1). 279-293.
    Hawly, W. D. (1988). Missing pieces of the educational
    reform agenda: or. why the first and second waves may miss
    the boat. Educational Administration Quarterly. 24(4). 416-
    437.
    Hertzberg, H. (1988). Foundations. Social Education. 52(2).
    144-145.
    --- 193 "-`
    Hoogstraten, J .. & Christiaans. H. H. C. M. (1975). The
    relationship of the watson-glaser critical` thinking
    appraisal to sex and four selected personality measures
    for a sample of Dutch first-year psychology students.
    Educatjonal and Psychological Measurement, 35(4). 969-973.
    Hudgins. B. B.,& Edelman. S. (1986) . Teaching critical
    skills to fourth and fifth grades through critical teacher-lead
    small-group disscussions. Journal of Educational?
    Research. 79(6). 333-342.
    Hudgins. B. B.. & Edelman. S. (1988). Children `s self-directed
    critical thinking. The Journal of Educational
    Research.81(5). 262-273.
    Hudgins. B. B .? Riesenmy. M, Ebel, D. & Edelman. S. (1989) .
    Children`s critical thinking: a model for its analysis and
    two examples. Educational Research. 82(6). 327-338.
    Hurov. J. T. (1987). A study of the relationship between
    reading. computational. and critical thinking skills and
    academic success in fundamental of chemistry. Research
    report.
    Johnson, D. W. & Johnson. R. T. (1987). Research shows the
    benefits of adult cooperation. Educational Leadership. 45
    (3). 27-30.
    Kagan. S. & Zahn. G. L. (1982). Generalized maternal
    reinforcement and children`s reading achievement. math
    achievement and field independence. The Journal of Genetic
    Psychology. 141. 93-104.
    Knight. S. L .. Waxman. H. C. And Padron. Y. N. (1989) .
    Students` perceptions of relationships between social
    studies instruction and cognitive strategies. Educational
    Research. 82(5). 270-276.
    Kownslar, A. O. (1985). What`s worth having students think
    critical about? Social Education, 49(4), 304-307.
    Kulleseid, E. R. (1986). Extending the research base: schema
    theory, cognitive styles, and types of intelligence. School
    Library Media Quartlv, 15(1), 41-48.
    Lundeberg, M. A. & Fox, P. W. (1991) . Do laboratory
    findings on test _expectancy generalize to classroom
    outcomes? Review of Educational Research. 62(1), 94-106.
    McCamon, S. et al. (1988). Predicting course performance In
    freshman and sophomore physics courses: women are more
    predictabIe the men. Journal od Research in Science
    Teaching, 25(6), 501-510.
    Manning, B. H., & Payne, B. D. (1989). A cognitive self-direction
    model for teacher education. Journal of Teacher
    Education, 4Q(3) , 27-32.
    McCammon, S et al. (1988). Predicting course performance In
    freshman and sophomore physics courses: women are more
    predictable than men. Journal of Research in Science
    Teaching, 25(6), 501-510.
    McDonald, E. R. (1984). The relationship of student and
    faculty field dependence/independence congruence to
    student academic achievement. Educational and Psychological
    Measurement, 44, 725-731.
    McFarland. M . A. (1985). Critical thinking in elementary
    school social studies. Social Educatjon, 49(4). 277-280.
    McMillan. J. H. (1987). Enhancing college students` critical
    thinking: a review of studies. Research in Higher Education.
    26(1), 3-19.
    McPeck, J. E. (1984). Stalking beasts. but swatting flies:
    the teaching of critical thinking. Canadian Journal of
    Education, 9(1), 28-44.
    Michalak. S. J. (1986). Enhancing critical thinking skills
    in traditional liberal arts courses: report on a faculty
    workshop. Liberal Education, 72(3), 253-261.
    Mirrnan, J. & Tiahman S. (1988). Infusing thinking through
    connections". Educational Leadership, 4:5(7), 64-65.
    Nenitto, J. & Strickland, J. (1987). Critical thinking: a
    skill for all seasons. College Student Journal, 21(2), 201-
    204.
    Newton, B. T. (1978). Theoretical bases for higher cognitive
    questioning-an avenue to critical thinking. Education, 98
    (3), 286-291.
    Niaz. M. & Lawson, A. E. (1985) . Balancing chemical
    equations: the role of developmental level and mental
    capacity. Journal of Research in Science Teaching,22(1),
    41-51.
    Niaz,M. (1987) .Mobility-flexity dimension in Witkin’s
    theory of field-dependence/ independence and its
    Motor: Skills. 65(3),755-764.
    Niaz, M. (1989). The role of cognitive style and its
    influence on proportional reasoning. Perceptual and Motor
    Skills, 26(3). 221-235.
    Norris, S. P. (1985). Synthesis of research on critical
    thinking. Educational Leadership, 42(8), 40-45.
    Norris, S. P., & Phillips, L. M. (1987) . Explanations of
    reading comprehension: schema theory and critical thinking
    theory. Teachers College Record, 89(2). 281-306.
    Norris. S. P. (1988). Research needed on critical thinking.
    Canadjan Journal of Education. 13(1). 125-137.
    Overton. W. , Byrnes. J. P ., & O`brien, D. P. (1985).
    Developmental and individual differences In conditional
    reasoning: the role of contradition training and cognitive
    style. Developmental Psychology, 21(4). 692-701.
    Paradise. L. V & Block. C. (1984). The relationship of
    teacher-student cognitive style to academic achievement.
    Journal of Research and Development and Education. 17(4),
    57-61.
    Paul. R. H. (1984). Critical thinking: fundamental to
    education for a free society. Educational Leadership, 42
    (1). 4-14.
    Pau 1. R. W. (1985). Bloom`s Taxonomy and critical
    instruction. Educational Leadership. 42(8). 36-39.
    Paul. R. W. & Adamson. K. R. (1990). Critical thinking and
    the nature of prejudice. Paper presented at The 10th
    Annual International Conference on Critical Thinking and
    Educational Reform, 1-48.
    Pierce, W., Lemke. E., & Smith. R. (1988). Critical thinking
    and moral development in secondary students. The High
    School Journal. 71(3). 120-126.
    Pintrich, P. R. (1986). Motivation and learning strategies
    interactions with achievement. Paper presented at the
    American Educational Reserch Association Convention. San
    Francisco. California. 1-19.
    Pintrich, P. R. (1987). Motivated learning strategies in the
    college classroom. Paper presented at the American
    Educational Research Association Convention, Washington,D.
    C. 1-38.
    Pogrow, S. (1988). Teaching thinking to at-risk elementary
    students. Educational Leadership, 45(7), 79-85.
    Roach, D. A. (1985). Effects of cognitive style,
    intelligence, and sex on reading achievement. Perceptual
    And Motor Skills, 51(3, part 2),1139-1142.
    Rornanish, B. (1986). Critical thinking and the curriculum: a
    critique. The Educational Forum, 51(1), 45-55.
    Ronning, R.R., Mccurdy, D. & Ballinger, R. (1984).
    Individual defferences: a third component in problem-solving
    instruction. Journal of Research in Science
    Teaching, 21(1), 71-82.
    Sadler, W. A., & Whimbey, A. (1985). A holistic approach to
    improving thinking skills. Phi Delta Kappan, 67(2),199-203.
    Saracho, O. N. & Dayton, C. M. (1980). Relationship of
    teachers` cognitive styles to pupils` academic achievement
    gains. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72(4), 544-549.
    Sasseville, M. (1990). Chapter one of Harry Stottlemeier’s
    discovery: a cl:ucible integratol: of critical and creative
    thinking. Paper presented at the Philosophy for Children
    East and West, 1-5.
    Shelly, A. C. & Willam, W. W. (1988). Sex equity and critical
    thinking. Social Education, 52(3), 168-173.
    Shulk, J. P. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: foundations of
    the new reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), 1-22.
    Shulk. J. P. (1988). Project IMPACT in elementary school.
    Educational Leadership, 45(7), 41.
    Siegel, H. (1980). Critical thinking as an educational
    ideal. The Educational Forum, 45(1), 7-23.
    Smith. D. G. (1977) . College classroom Interactions and
    critical thinking. Journal of Educational Psychology, 69
    (2). 180-190.
    Solomon, S. J. & Wurster. S. R. (1978). Correlations between
    critical thinking achievement and scholastic aptitude In
    high school seniors. Research report.
    Sternberg. R. J. (1984) . How can we teach intelligence?
    Educatjonal Leadership, 42(1), 38-50.
    Sternberg, R. J. (1985a) . A statewide approach to
    measuring critical thinking skills. Educational Leadership,
    43(2), 40-43.
    Sternberg, R. J. (1985b). Teaching critical thinking, part 1:
    are we making critical mistakes? Phi Delta Kappan. 67(3),
    194-198.
    Sternberg, R. J. (1985c). Teaching criticl thinking. part 2:
    possible solutions. Phi Delta Kappan, 67(4), 277-280.
    Steward. R. J. & AI-Abdulla. Y. (1989). An examination of
    the relationship between critical thinking and academic
    success on a university campus. Research report.
    Tabor. M. (1988). Better student thinking through changing
    teacher behaviors. Educational Leadership, 45.(7), 49-51.
    Thomas, C. R. (1983a). Field independence and myers-briggs
    thinking individuals. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 57(3.
    part 1), 790.
    Thomas, C. R . (1983b). Fie 1 d independence and technical
    achivement. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 57(3, part 1). 858.
    WaIsh, D. (1988). Critical thinking to reduce prejudice.
    Social Education, 52(4), 280-282.
    Walters, K. S. (1986) . Critical thinking in liberal
    education: a case of overkill ? Liberal Education, 72(3),
    233-244.
    Walters, k. S. (1989) . Critical thinking in teacher
    education: towards a demythologization. Journal of Teacher
    Education, 40(3) , 14-19.
    Welkowitz, L. A., & Calkins, R. p. (1984) . Effects of
    cognitive and exemplar modeling on field depencdnce-independence.
    Perceptual and Motor Skills, 58(2, part 2),
    439-442.
    WiIIams, B. (1987). Implementing thinking skills instruction
    in an uban district: an effect to close the gap. Educational
    Leadership, 44(6), 50-53.
    White, C. S. & Fuqua, J. D. (1987). Analogical reasoning in
    young children .. Journal of Educational Psychology, 79(4).
    401-408.
    Witkin, H. A. & Goodenough, D. R. (1977). Field-dependent
    and field-independent cognitive styles. Review of
    Educational Research, 47(1), 1-64.
    Witkin, H. A. et al. (1977) . Field-dependent and Field-independent
    cognitive styles and their educational
    implications. Review of Educational Research. 47(1), 1-64.
    Wolfle, L. M. & Robertshaw, D. (1982) . Effects of college
    attendence on locus of control. Journal od Personality and
    Social psychology, 43(4), 802-810.
    Worsham. A. W. & Austin, G. R. (1984). Effects of teaching
    Thinking skills on SAT scores, 41(3), 50-51.
    Zenke. L. & Alexander, L. (1984). Teaching thinking in Tulsa.
    Educational Leadershjp. 42(1), 81-84.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    教育學系
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002005006
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Education] Theses

    Files in This Item:

    File SizeFormat
    index.html0KbHTML2592View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback