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    政大機構典藏 > 教育學院 > 教育學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/96460
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    Title: 美國一九八〇年代以來師範教育改革之研究 : 兼論其對台灣地區師範教育改革之啟示
    Authors: 蔡清華
    Contributors: 黃炳煌
    王家通

    蔡清華
    Date: 1993
    Issue Date: 2016-05-11
    Abstract: 自一九八○代中期起,美國各在所謂「三大報告書」的推波助瀾下,紛紛掀起師範教育改革運動。該運動至今已近十年,本研究即試圖透過文獻分析、實地訪問等方式為此一改革運動勾畫出一較完整的報告。其次,迄今五年有餘猶未能定案,可見社會各界對於我國師範教育興革之方向,仍然眾說紛紜,莫衷一是。對此,本研究以上述分析之結果編成問卷,調查各界對台灣地區師範教育問題及改進途徑之意見。
    本研究除第一章緒論之外,第二章分析美國師範教育改革的派典,作為解釋各項爭論之基礎;在美國師範教育改革派典上,本研究歸納出「無意義派典」、「突顯派典」兩種改革師範教育的看法,兩者各有其影響力。
    第三章介紹改革的背景與原因;在改革背景上,本研究歸納出五項:(一)中小學教師的培育供需失調;(二)修習師範教育課程之學素質不佳;(三)教師授證措施亟待調整;(四)教師的待遇,無論有形的或無形,普遍佳;(五)教師的丄作條件不佳,無法吸引住留住優秀人。
    第四章分析各主要改革報告書的內容後,發現這些報告書的主要建議可歸納為四點特色:
    (一)全方位的師範教師改革建議;
    (二)同中存異的師範教育改革觀點;
    (三)所建議的吸引優秀人才策略自相矛盾;
    (四)「無意義的派典」與「突顯派典」的支持者各有其影響力。
    第五章則檢討美國在一九八○年代以來師範教師改革的成效與策略;本研究發現實際的改變雖有,唯不如預期的規模。在改革策略上,本研究亦發現多由教育行政人員、民意代表、政客所主導,教師及師範教育工作者則多被排除在外。
    為了深入瞭解美國師範教育的運作情形,本研究於第六章再以紐約州為例,進行個案分析。發現除了上述趨勢外,更具有規模不大、為中小學教育改革的週邊運動、州教育廳長主導全局等特色。
    第七章則分析與討論問卷調查之結果與啟示,本研究發現,台灣地區各界對師範教育問題的看法,除了中小學教師的社會地位、師範生的素質等兩方面外,看法與美國相似。對美國各種改革師範教師的措施也幾乎全能接受,此外,大多數人均贊成師範教育修正草案的改革措施。
    最後,本研究提出八項建議:(一)師範教育改革應採全方位模式進行;(二)師範教育工作者應積極參與師範教育的改革過程;(三)建立制度化的教育民意反映管道;(四)維持台灣地區師範教育既有的有利地位;(五)改革師範教育時亦應顧及地區的需求;(六)儘速審議師範教育法的修訂工作;(七)鼓勵各校、院與各教育行政機構合作進行師範教育的實驗;(八)進一步研究的建議:選擇美國有代表情的州進行深入研究。
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