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    Title: 工作壓力、工作家庭衝突及睡眠狀態與不同向度工作疲勞的關聯探討
    Exploring the associations of work stress, work-family conflict and sleep with different dimensions of work fatigue
    Authors: 洪于茜
    Hung, Yu-Chien
    Contributors: 楊建銘
    Yang, Chien-Ming
    洪于茜
    Hung, Yu-Chien
    Keywords: 工作疲勞
    工作壓力
    工作家庭衝突
    睡眠品質
    Work fatigue
    Work stress
    Work-family conflict
    Sleep quality
    Date: 2018
    Issue Date: 2018-07-13 15:17:54 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 　　工作族群的疲勞問題對組織與個人身心健康都會產生負面影響。過去在探討工作疲勞的相關因子時，很少有研究將疲勞分成不同向度探討，因此未能討論不同向度工作疲勞的預測因子型態是否不同。本研究依據疲勞影響到的功能領域，區分為身體、心理與情緒疲勞，從工作者的工作與私人生活領域裡挑選出三大類的疲勞預測因子，分別為：工作壓力、職家衝突以及睡眠，研究目的在於探討工作壓力、工作家庭衝突以及睡眠狀態與不同向度工作疲勞的關聯性，了解不同工作疲勞向度的預測因子是否有差異，並且進一步加入性別因素，了解工作疲勞的預測因子是否有性別差異。
    　　本研究透過網路問卷進行調查，共計369位全職日班工作者納入分析，參與者需填寫本研究的結構式問卷（包含基本資料、工作特質問卷、工作家庭衝突量表、工作疲勞量表、匹茲堡睡眠品質量表、艾普沃斯嗜睡量表、醫院焦慮與憂鬱量表），了解工作者的工作壓力、工作家庭衝突程度、睡眠狀態以及心理困擾。
    　　研究結果顯示不同工作疲勞向度的預測因子確實有差異，其中身體疲勞的預測變項最為多元，工作家庭雙向衝突、工作心理與體力負荷、睡眠品質皆可顯著預測身體疲勞，在心理疲勞部分，只有工作家庭衝突與工作心理負荷可顯著預測心理疲勞，在情緒疲勞部分，則是心理困擾與工作家庭雙向衝突可顯著預測情緒疲勞。在所有的預測因子中，工作家庭衝突能顯著預測所有工作疲勞向度，且與工作疲勞各向度都有達到中度的相關。再者，在疲勞預測因子的性別差異部分，研究結果顯示確實有性別差異。相較於男性，工作控制更能預測女性的身體疲勞、家庭工作衝突與心理困擾更能預測女性的情緒疲勞；相對地，相較於女性，工作體力負荷更能預測男性的身體疲勞、睡眠品質更能預測男性的身體與心理疲勞、工作心理負荷更能預測男性的情緒疲勞；此外，工作家庭衝突仍然最具有預測力，也是男女共同的工作疲勞預測因子。
    　　整體而言，本研究初步證實不同工作疲勞向度的預測因子組合有差異，進一步發現疲勞的預測因子存在性別差異，並且從中發現工作家庭衝突是最重要的因子，其對所有工作疲勞向度、不同性別工作者都具有影響。基於研究結果，建議未來評估疲勞問題時可採用多向度概念，有益於了解工作者不同的疲勞樣態，同時需要執行促進職家平衡、降低工作心理負荷的相關計畫，以協助工作者減緩可能的疲勞來源，除此之外在處理工作疲勞問題時，需注意男女的預測因子可能是相異的。
    Fatigue is a common complaint in the working population. It does not only have negative impacts on the organizations, but also harms physical and mental health of workers. Fatigue has been known to be a multi-dimensional constuct. Although previous studies have investigated fatigue in working population, few of them have treated fatigue as a multi-dimensional construct. Thus, we are not clear that whether the different dimensions of work-related fatigue can be predicted by different factors. According to the functions affected, work-related fatigue could be divided into physical, mental, and emotional work fatigue. Based on the findings from previous researches, work stress, work-family conflicts, and sleep were included in this study as potential predictors for work-related fatigue. This study aims to explore the associations between these factors and different dimensions of work-related fatigue. In additon, since previous studies on work-related fatigue have shown different results for male and female workers, the present study also explores whether there are gender differences in these fatigue predictors.
    Three hundred and sixty-nine daytime full-time workers were recruited through the Internet. They were required to complete a package of web-based structured questionnaires. The questionnaires included demographic data, the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), the work-family conflict questionnaire, the Three-Dimensional Work Fatigue Inventory (3D-WFI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
    As expected, the result showed that the predictors of different dimensions of work-related fatigue were different. The predictors of physical fatigue were more diverse. We found that work-to-family conflict (WFC), family-to-work conflict (FWC), psychological job demand, physical job demand, and sleep quality were significant predictors of physical fatigue. Mental fatigue was predicted by WFC and psychological job demand. Emotional fatigue was predicted by psychological distress, WFC, and FWC. The results suggested that WFC was the most important predictor for work-related fatigue. It was found to be a significant predictor of all three dimensions of work-related fatigue and also moderately correlated with all work fatigue dimensions. In terms of the gender differences, job control was a significant predictor of physical fatigue, and psychological distress and FWC were significant predictors of emotional fatigue in women but not in men. In contrast, physical job demand was a significant predictor of physical fatigue, sleep quality was a significant predictor of physical and mental fatigue, and psychological job demand was a significant predictor of emotional fatigue in men but not in women. In addition, WFC was still the most important predictor not only for men but also for women.
    In conclusion, the study results suggested that different dimensions of work-related fatigue were associated with different factors, and there were gender differences in predictors of work-related fatigue. WFC was the most important predictor for all dimensions of work-related fatigue and for both men and women. Based on the result, it is suggested that multi-dimensional work fatigue could be used to assess employees` fatigue so as to understand the patterns of fatigue in working population. Moreover, implementing the plans to facilitate work-family balance and to reduce workers’ psychological job demand could be helpful to prevent fatigue. Finally, when dealing with work-related fatigue problems, gender should be taken into account as the predictors of fatigue could be different between men and women.
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    心理學系
    103752017
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103752017
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/THE.NCCU.PSY.005.2018.C01
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Psychology] Theses

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