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    政大機構典藏 > 法學院 > 法律學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/125660
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/125660


    Title: 由氣候變遷角度論電業法電力排碳係數制度中地方政府之角色
    The role of local government in the institution of electricity carbon emission factor of the Electricity Act from the perspective of climate change
    Authors: 王子豪
    Wang, Zi-Hao
    Contributors: 傅玲靜
    王子豪
    Wang, Zi-Hao
    Keywords: 氣候變遷
    氣候變遷治理
    氣候變遷法制
    地方政府
    地方治理
    電業法
    電力排碳係數
    低碳燃料標準
    climate change
    climate change governance
    climate change legal system
    local government
    local governance
    the Electricity Law
    electricity carbon emission factor
    Low Carbon Fuel Standard
    Date: 2019
    Issue Date: 2019-09-05 16:20:41 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 電業法於2017年修正時引入電力排碳係數,該係數同時亦是我國能源部門減碳政策之工具之一。而碳排放之減少,係屬氣候變遷減緩政策之一環,又氣候變遷乃是一大尺度並高度不確定性之事項,故此大尺度跨域性之事項涉及層面除中央政府外,亦涉及各地方政府。基此,本文即欲探究地方政府於電力排碳係數之角色。
    而本文將先行介紹電業法修正之內容,並介紹電力排碳係數於電業法相關制度中所發揮之功能,且將介紹,電力排碳係數於我國氣候變遷排碳減量政策中之功用。又因電力排碳係數制度涉及氣候變遷治理,故本文接著將介紹氣候變遷之相關法制原則,並介紹氣候變遷之治理模式。並介紹氣候變遷之各治理模式中,地方政府之角色地位。
    於介紹氣候變遷之相關原理原則後,本文將介紹美國法上,一件涉及地方政府於氣候變遷法制所應扮演何種角色之爭議之實務案件。該案件乃涉及加州州政府為氣候變遷碳排放減緩所制定之「低碳燃料標準」(Low Carbon Fuel Standard,LCFS)。故本文將介紹美國法上與該案例有關之相關法治原則,以及該低碳燃料標準制度。接著,本件將介紹此一案例之各層級之法院見解,並以此作為後續比較借鏡之基礎。
    最後,本文將綜整上開氣候變遷原理原則、治理模式以及美國法之案例比較,定位出地方政府於氣候變遷治理議題之角色。分析電業法中與電力排碳係數相關之種種制度當中,地方政府得如何發揮其角色功能,並針對現行電力排碳係數相關制度,作出修法之建議方向。
    The amendment of the Electricity Law of 2017 introduced electricity carbon emission factor, which is one of the tools for Taiwan`s policies relating to carbon reduction. The reduction of carbon emissions is a part of the mitigation policy of climate change which is a large-scale and highly uncertain matter. Therefore, this matter involves not only the central government but local governments. Based on this, this article aims to discuss the role of local government in electricity carbon emission factor of the Electricity Act.
    This article will first introduce the amendment of the Electricity Law, and then introduce the function of the electric power carbon emission factor in the relevant systems of the Electricity Law and the carbon emission reduction policy in Taiwan. Since the institution of electricity carbon emission factor of electric power involves the governance of climate change, this article will then introduce the relevant legal principles and the governance of climate change, and it will also introduce the role of local government in the governance model of climate change.
    After introducing the relevant principles of climate change, this article will introduce a case concerning the role of local government in the climate change legal system in U.S. law. The case involves the “Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS)” set by the California state government for the mitigation of carbon emissions in climate change. Therefore, this article will introduce the relevant legal principles related to this case in U.S. law and the institution of the Low Carbon Fuel Standard. Next, this article will introduce the court`s opinions of this case and use it as a basis for subsequent comparison.
    In the end, this article will comprehensively summarize the principles thereof, the governance models and the case comparisons of U.S. law, clarifying the role of local government in the governance issues of climate change. This article also analyzes how the local government plays its role among the various systems related to electricity carbon emission factor in the Electricity Law and provides suggestions for amending the current systems related to electricity carbon emission factor.
    Reference: 一、中文文獻
    (一)書籍
    陳慈陽,環境法總論,三版一刷,2011年11月,元照出版,三版。
    葉俊榮,氣候變遷治理與法律, 臺大出版中心,2015年3月,臺大出版中心。
    蔡茂寅,地方自治之理論與地方制度法,2006年,新學林,增補版。
    鄭福田、中華民國環境工程學會編著,空氣污染控制與管理,2018年2月,高立圖庫,初版三刷。
    吳庚,憲法理論與政府體制,2016年9月,三民書局,增訂四版。
    法治斌、董保城,憲法新論,2012年9月,元照出版,五版一刷。

    (二)期刊論文
    王毓正,地方自治團體因應氣候變遷挑戰於法律上之可能性與侷限─以氣候變遷是向與垂直分立之探討為中心,台灣環境與土地法學雜誌,2期,頁150-165,2012年6月。
    李建良,代際正義的法律課題:導論,臺灣經濟預測與政策,46卷2期,頁209-242,2016年3月1日。
    林明昕,地方自治事項與委辦事項之委任及委託:以台北市政府組織自治條例第二條第二項及第三項之爭議為中心,臺大法學論叢,39卷4期,頁213-296,2010年12月。
    陳信安,論2017年電業法修正後之規範爭議─以再生能源相關規定為中心,月旦法學雜誌,278期,頁197-211,2018年7月。
    陳慈陽,從二十一世紀環境國家之國家保護義務論中央與地方在氣候變遷調適立法的憲法權限分依據與界限,臺灣環境與土地法學雜誌,1卷2期,頁133-149,2012年6月。
    許世旻,初探氣候變遷與電廠運作之間的關係─以協和發電廠為例,史穗,頁55-92,2018年4月。
    許瑜芳、陳俐妏、黃詩文、陳彥豪,美國電力事業與代輸制度介紹及英、美、日代輸制度比較,電力電子,13卷5期,頁80,2015年9月,頁79-95。
    黃俊杰,地方政府在綠能發展與管理之可行性分析,月旦法學雜誌,274期,頁31-46,2018年3月。
    黃錦堂,自治事項與委辦事項之劃分標準—最高行政法院九十四年判字第四一九號判決評論,政大法學評論,102期,頁1-69,2008年4月。
    程明修,行政法上之預防原則(Vorsorgeprinzip)—食品安全風險管理手段之擴張,月旦法學雜誌,167期,頁127-136,2009年4月。
    傅玲靜,我國化學物質法制規範體系之檢討,科技法學評論,10卷2期,頁153-202,2013年12月
    詹鎮榮,地方自治事項之權限委任,台灣本土法學雜誌,98期,頁209-213,2007年9月。
    趙永茂,氣候變遷與地方治理,止善,24期,頁49-66,2018年6月。
    蔡岳勳,評析二零一七年新電業法─從管制機關定性與市場競爭管制面之觀點,月旦法學雜誌,263期,頁120-135,2017年4月。
    劉如慧,論氣候變遷與地方自治─德國晚近發展之參考與借鏡,東吳法律學報,27卷1期,頁91-124,2015年7月。
    黃啟禎,凍結省自治後中央與地方權限之劃分,月旦法學雜誌,24期,頁23-28,1997年4月。
    羅秉成,中央與地方權限劃分之探討─兼論憲法第十章之修廢問題,新竹律師會刊,2卷1期,頁4-21,1997年。

    (三)專書論文
    陳慈陽,中央與地方權限劃分問題之研究,載於:憲法規範性與憲政現實性,翰蘆出版公司,頁245-284,1997年9月。
    許宗力,地方立法權相關問題之研究,載於:憲法與法治國行政,元照出版社,二版一刷,頁327-354,2007年1月。

    (四)學位論文
    吳國正,論地方自治團體管制二氧化碳排放立法爭議,國立中正大學法律學系碩士論文,2017年6月。
    林庭歆,碳權交易之法制研究─以稅法為中心,嶺東科技大學財稅與會計資訊研究所碩士論文,2013年7月。
    邱馨嫻,論氣候變遷下之能源治理─以地方政府角色為中心,國立臺北大學法律學系碩士論文,2018年7月。
    涂靖昀,地方能源治理:以臺南市推動家戶太陽光電為例,國立臺灣大學社會科學院政治學系碩士論文,2016年7月。
    張庭毓,我國能源稅之法律問題研究,高雄第一科技大學科技法律研究所碩士論文,2013年7月。

    (五)研究計畫
    黃茂榮主持,健全地方財政制度以配合地方自治法制化之研究,行政院經濟建設委員會經社法規研究報告,1990年。

    (六)網路資料
    能源部門溫室氣體排放管制行動方案第一階段(核定本),2018年9月;https://demo.acubedt.com/rwd_ghgrule/admin/resource/files/01%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E9%83%A8%E9%96%80%E6%BA%AB%E5%AE%A4%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94%E6%8E%92%E6%94%BE%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88(%E6%A0%B8%E5%AE%9A%E6%9C%AC).pdf(最後瀏覽日期:2019年7月8日)。
    經濟部能源局,電業法修正草案條文初稿;https://electricitylaw.tier.org.tw/1050726%E9%9B%BB%E6%A5%AD%E6%B3%95%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88%E6%A2%9D%E6%96%87.pdf(最後瀏覽日期:2019年7月8日)。
    臺灣氣候變遷科學報告工作小組,臺灣氣候變遷科學報告2011;http://satis.ncdr.nat.gov.tw/ccsr/doc/00_Full%20report.pdf (最後瀏覽日期:2019年7月8日)。
    臺灣氣候變遷調適科技整合研究計畫團隊,臺灣氣候變遷科學報告2017—衝擊與調適面向;https://tccip.ncdr.nat.gov.tw/v2/upload/book/20171220140117.pdf(最後瀏覽日期:2019年7月8日)。
    NRDC環境法團隊,美國加州低碳燃料標準案評述——自然資源保護協會(NRDC)中國環境法專案,http://www.chinaeol.net/zyzx/sjhjzz/zzlm/tszs/201509/W02-0180903671229852744.pdf(最後瀏覽日期:2019年7月8日)。


    二、英文文獻
    1、書籍
    Chemerinsky, Erwin (3rd ed. 2009). CONSTITUTIONAL LAW. Aspen Publishers.
    Doremus, Holly, Lin, Albert C., Rosenverg, Ronald H. & Schoenbaum, Thomas J. (5 th ed. 2008). ENVIRORNMENTAL POLICY LAW: PROBLEMS, CASES AND READINGS. West Group.

    2、期刊論文
    Bronin, Sara C., The Quiet Revolution Revived: Sustainable Design, Land Use Regulation, and the States, 93 MINN. L. REV. 231, 268 (2008).
    Buzbee, William W., Contextual Environmental Federalism, 14 N.Y.U. ENVTL L.J. 108, 129 (2005).
    Fischman, Robert L., Cooperative Federalism and Nature Resources Law, 14 N.Y.U. ENVTL L.J. 179, 232 (2005).
    Ferrey, Steven, Pentagon Preemption: The 5-Sided Loss of State Energy and Power, 2014 U. LLL. J.L. TECH & POL’Y 393, 444 (2014).
    Gremellion, Thomas M., Setting the Foundation: Climate Change Adaptation at the Local Level, 41 ENVTL. L. 1221, 1254 (2011).
    Larsen, Jennifer L., Discrimination in the Dormant Commerce Clause, 49 S.D. L. REV. 844, 866 (2004).
    Leal-Arcas, Rafael, A Bottom-up Approach for Climate Change: The Trade Experience, 2 ASIAN JOURNAL OF LAW AND ECONOMICS, [xxxvii], 54 (2011).
    Marong, Alhaji B.M., From Rio to Johannesburg: Reflections on the Role of International Legal Norms in Sustainable Development, 16 GEO. INT`L ENVTL. L. REV. 21, 76 (2003).
    Monast, Jonas, From Top-down to Bottom-up Climate Policy: New Challenges in Carbon Market Design, 8 SAN DIEGO J. CLIMATE & ENERGY L. 175, 224 (2017).
    Nolon, John, The Land Use Stabilization Wedge Strategy: Shifting Ground to Mitigation Climate Change, 34 MM. & MARY ENVTL. L. & POL’Y REV. 1, 54 (2009).
    Outka, Uma; Feiock, Richard, Local Promise for Climate Mitigation: An Empirical
    Assessment, 36 WM. & MARY ENVTL. L. & POL`Y REV. 635, 670 (2012).
    Ruhl, J. B., Cities, Green Construction, and the Endangered Species Act, 27 VA. ENVTL. L.J. 147, 164 (2009).
    Salkin, Patricia E., Sustainability and Land Use Planning: Greening State and Local Land Use Future Generations, 34 MM. & MARY ENVTL. L. & POL’Y REV. 121, 170 (2009).
    Trisolini, Katherine A., All Hands on Deck: Local Governments and the Potential for Bidirectional Climate Change Regulation, 62 STAN. L. REV. 669, 746 (2010).
    Wood, James C., Intergenerational Equity and Climate Change, 8 Geo. Int`l Envtl. L. Rev. 293, 332 (1996).

    3、網路資料
    Agenda 21, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/Agenda21.pdf (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, http://legal.un.org/avl/pdf/ha/dunche/dunche_e.pdf (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development; http://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/wssd/documents/wssd_pol_declaration.pdf. (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Principle 1; http://www.unesco.org/education/pdf/RIO_E.PDF (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    Navigant Consulting, Inc., Electric Markets Research Foundation, Evolution of the Electric Industry Structure in the U.S. and Resulting Issues, prepared for: Electric Markets Research Foundation (2013); http://docplayer.net/1085149-Evolution-of-the-electric-industry-structure-in-the-u-s-and-resulting-issues.html (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    The World Bank, Natural Disaster Hotspots: A Global Risk Analysis, Disaster Risk Management Series, No.5, at 4 (2005); http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/621711468175150317/pdf/344230PAPER0Na101official0use0only1.pdf (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), https://www.eia.gov/electricity/da-ta/guide/pdf/guide.pdf (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), https://www.eia.gov/electricity/sta-te/california/index.php (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission, https://www.cftc.gov/LawRegulat-ion/DoddFrankAct/DoddFrankFinalRules/index.htm (last visited: July 8, 2019).
    World Commission on Environment and Development, Our Common Future, Chapter 2, IV; https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-future.pdf (last visited: July 8, 2019).

    4、判決
    Hughes v. Talen Energy Mktg., LLC, 136 S. Ct. 1288, 1299, 194 L. Ed. 2d 414 (2016).
    English v. Gen. Elec. Co., 496 U.S. 72 (1990).
    Entergy Nuclear Vt. Yankee, LLC v. Shumlin, 838 F. Supp. 2d 183 (D. Vt. 2012).
    Entergy Nuclear Vt. Yankee, LLC v. Shumlin, 733 F.3d 393 (2d Cir. 2013).
    Rocky Mountain Farmers Union v. Goldstenc, 843 F. Supp. 2d 1071 (E.D. Cal. 2011).
    Rocky Mountain Farmers Union v. Goldstene, Not Reported in F.Supp.2d (E.D. Cal. 2011).
    Rocky Mountain Farmers Union v. Goldstene, 843 F.Supp.2d 1042 (E.D. Cal. 2011).
    Rocky Mountain Farmers Union v. Corey, 730 F.3d 1070 (9th Cir. 2013).
    American Fuels & Petrochemical Manufactures Ass’n v. Corey, Not Reported in F.Supp.3d (E.D. Cal. 2015).
    Rocky Mountain Farmers Union v. Corey, 258 F. Supp. 3d 1134 (E.D. Cal. 2017).
    Rocky Mountain Farmers Union v. Corey, 913 F.3d 940 (9th Cir. 2019).
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    法律學系
    104651043
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104651043
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU201900982
    Appears in Collections:[法律學系] 學位論文

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