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    Title: 房屋貸款違約率預測模型之研究與實證-以C銀行為例
    A Case Study of the Empirical Mortgage Default Ratio Forecasting Model for C Consumer Bank
    Authors: 孫崇譽
    Sun, Chung-Yu
    Contributors: 周冠男
    Chou, Kuan-Nan
    孫崇譽
    Sun, Chung-Yu
    Keywords: 房屋貸款違約率預測模型
    Mortgage Default Ratio Forecasting Model
    Date: 2020
    Issue Date: 2020-07-01 13:45:17 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 消費者房屋貸款業務傳統上來為我國銀行放款經營獲利的重要來源,由於房貸為抵押擔保授信,信用風險相較於信用卡或小額信貸而言相對低很多,但前提是銀行的內部稽核及內部控制制度要能落實,才能降低或預防作業風險發生而引起的信用風險。

    傳統上銀行預測逾期損失時並不會考量與經濟指標的關係,主要會以過去的經驗來預測未來損失。本研究之方法是參考C銀行對於美國主管機關FRB所制定CCAR規範下,為2012年壓力測試情境所建立之模型為基礎,利用C銀行所建立最終模型所選定之自變數,以主計處、內政部及信義房屋之公開資訊,重新建立預測模型,來加以驗證C銀行模型在不同的因變數下,其自變數是否適用於其它銀行或全體銀行。

    實證結果顯示:整體銀行違約率與信義房屋指數有非常顯著的關聯。另外,從β統計值可得知,整體銀行違約率與信義房屋指數為負相關影響、整體銀行違約率與美元對台幣匯率及五大銀行新承作放款利率為正相關影響。在模型回溯測試結果中,本研究所建立之模型其累計錯誤率優於C銀行模型,這也代表本研究模型其預測能力優於C銀行模型。且預測出來結果更為精確及可靠。
    The consumer housing loan business has traditionally been an important source of profit for Taiwan local banks. Since the mortgage is a secured product, the credit risk is relatively low compared to Credit Cards or Personal Loans, it’s only subject to the internal audit and internal controls and depends on whether they are well-implemented to reduce or prevent operational risks.

    Usually banks do not consider the relationship of mortgages with economic indicators when predicting overdue losses. They mainly use past experiences to predict future losses. This study is based on the model established for the stress test scenario of 2012 under the CCAR regulations formulated by the US competent authority FRB for C consumer bank, with independent variables selected by the final model established by the C bank. The data are from DBGAS, MOI and Xinyi House. We estimate the model to verify whether the C bank model is applicable to other banks or all banks with different dependent variables.

    The empirical results show that the overall bank default rate has a very significant correlation with the Xinyi Housing Index. In addition, it can be seen from the results that the overall bank default rate has a negative correlation coefficient with the Xinyi Housing Index, and the overall bank default rate has a positive correlation with USD to Taiwan dollar exchange rate, and the five major banks` new loan lending rates. In the model back-testing results. Further, the cumulative error rate of the model established by this research is better than that of the C bank model, which also indicates that the predictive ability our model is better, which is more accurate and reliable.
    Reference: 一、中文文獻
    1.王連常福 (1999) 。新世紀智庫論壇第8期,九二一受災房貸處理方法的商榷,國立中興大學經濟系教授。
    2.蔡慶義 (2013) 。金融聯合徵信 第二十二期,2013年GARP第14屆風險管理年會考察紀要,金融聯合徵信中心風險分析部。
    3.中央銀行921作業要點 (八九)台央業字第○二○○○一八三七號。中央銀行。
    4.林哲群,金融聯合徵信雙月刊 第七期,房貸違約率估計之初探‧國立清華大學計量財務金融學系副教授。
    5.駱叔君(2016),金融聯合徵信雙月刊 第一期,美國公平信用報告法,金融聯合徵信中心研究部法務小組。
    6.中華民國銀行公會會員授信準則 (2018),全授字第 1070000334 號函修訂。
    7.行政院經濟建設委員 (2000),產業重建計畫台八十九經08607號函核定。
    8.台灣金融研訓院 (2006),資產證券化風險管理之研究。
    9.楊葉承、陳玉政 (2009),遺產稅與贈與稅率調整對申報行為、逃稅動機與稅收影響之研究。財政部臺北國稅局。
    10.黃玉青 (2016),參加美國紐約聯邦準備銀行金融機構監理心得報告,中央銀行辦事員。
    11.林秋瑾、王健安、張金鶚(1996),(房地產景氣與總體經濟於時間上領先、同時、落後關係之探討),《國科會人文及社會科學彙刊》,第七卷,第一期,頁35-36
    12.彭建文、張金鶚(2000),(總體經濟對房地產景氣影響之研究),《國科會人文及社會科學彙刊》,第十卷,第三期,頁330-36
    13.李嘉玲(2008)個體經濟及總體經濟因素對房貸違約率之影響,玄奘大學財務金融系碩士論文。
    14.張曉慈(2010)影響不動產報酬波動之總體經濟因素分析,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文。
    15.侯志明 (2014),房屋違約貸款風險因子之研究,國立屏東商業技術學院碩士論文。
    16.鍾煒豐 (2016),銀行房貸授信發生逾期的影響因素,國立中央大學產業經濟研究 所碩士論文。
    17.許芳菱 (2018),銀行業房貸授信風險評估因素之探討,國立臺北大學國際財務金融碩士在職專班碩士論文。
    18.楊謹鍹 (2013),影響房屋貸款逾期因素之實證分析,國立台中科技大學企業管理系事業營管理碩士論文。
    19.游億仙(2018),台灣房價與經濟成長及消費之關聯性研究,國立政治大學地政學系碩士論文。

    二、參考網站
    1.中華民國銀行公會 http://www.ba.org.tw
    2.行政院金融監督管理委員會銀行局 http://www.bnaking.gov.tw
    3.中華民國中央銀行 https://www.cbc.gov.tw/
    4.中華民國內政部 https://www.moi.gov.tw/
    5.中華民國內政部不動產資訊平台 http://pip.moi.gov.tw/V2/Default.aspx
    6.中華民國財政部 https://www.mof.gov.tw/
    7.中華民國統計資訊網 http://statdb.dgbas.gov.tw/pxweb/Dialog/statfile9L.asp
    8.Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA)
    https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/201306_cfpb_laws-and-regulations_ecoa-combined-june-2013.pdf
    9.Comptroller’s Handbook (2015),Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.
    https://www.occ.treas.gov/publications-and-resources/publications/comptrollers-handbook/files/residential-real-estate-lending/pub-ch-residential-real-estate.pdf
    10.Regulatory X – Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.
    https://www.federalreserve.gov/supervisionreg/caletters/19-8%20Attach.pdf
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
    107932128
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107932128
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202000515
    Appears in Collections:[經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文

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