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    政大機構典藏 > 法學院 > 法律學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/137684
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/137684


    Title: 公司法下債權人保護之比較法研究-以公司分派行為為中心
    Corporate Distribution and Creditor Protection: A Comparative Law Perspective
    Authors: 江佑庭
    Chiang, You-Ting
    Contributors: 朱德芳
    江佑庭
    Chiang, You-Ting
    Keywords: 代理理論
    籌資面代理問題
    盈餘分派
    股票買回
    減資
    分派行為
    債權人保護
    償付能力測試
    債權人公告及異議程序
    Date: 2021
    Issue Date: 2021-11-01 12:02:36 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 公司代理理論得分為管理面和籌資面代理問題,而在籌資面代理問題下,管 理人所為之決策將藉由犧牲公司債權人的利益,追求股東利益之最大化,其具體 之手段即得以盈餘分派、股票買回、減資等「分派行為」為之。本文分析我國現 行法有關「分派行為」之規範模式,發現其多存在「規範彈性不足」、「規範不一 致」、「規範有效性不足」之問題,進而產生降低公司經營效率、增加法規套利風 險及債權人保護不足之情形。
    基此,本文比較分析我國與英美法系各國對於「分派行為」之規範模式後認 為,我國法應增訂「債權人請求裁判撤銷決議之權利」使其搭配「償付能力測試」 作為債權人保護機制(模式一),同時修正我國之「債權人公告及異議程序」(模 式二),規定公司得自「模式一」或「模式二」擇一踐行,並一體適用於所有之 分派行為,且統一規範分派行為之權限機關,原則上應由董事會決議為之;再者, 從增加公司資金運用彈性、提升公司經營效率之角度出發,應刪除我國現行公司 法對於盈餘分派與盈餘公積分派之限制,並刪除以買回目的作為股份買回之限制 基準,放寬我國公司股份買回之限制,使我國從「原則禁止,例外允許」之規範 模式轉為「原則允許,例外限制或禁止」之規範模式;此外,應區分「實質減資」 與「形式減資」,並僅要求「實質減資」需踐行債權人保護機制,並將任何涉及 減少股本或資本公積,而將公司之資產流向股東之行為,納入實質減資之規範射 程範圍,以避免規範漏洞及法規套利風險;最後,從交易安全維護之觀點出發, 應使違法分派行為有效,並增設股東追償機制作為配套措施,而就違法分派行 為,應在增設豁免條款之前提下,課予董事統一的民事責任。
    Reference: 一、 中文參考文獻 (依作者姓氏筆畫排列)
    (一) 專書
    1. 王文宇,公司法論,5 版,元照,2016年7月。
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    (二) 專書論文
    1. 王文宇、林仁光,公司資本制度與股票面額之研究,載:王文宇,民商法理論與經濟分析(二),頁26–39,2003年4月。
    (三) 期刊
    1. 王元章、張椿柏,從核心代理問題的角度探討股權結構,董事會特性對公司價值之影響,證券市場發展季刊,23卷2期,頁131–174,2011年6月。
    2. 朱德芳,公司進行減資並以現金逐出畸零股股東,是否適法? -評最高法院108年度台上字第1234號民事判決,月旦裁判時報,99期,頁48–61,2020年9月。
    3. 朱德芳,論公開發行公司之資本結構重組與公司治理:以形式減資與私募增資為核心,國立臺灣大學法學論叢,37 卷2 期,頁 81–150,2008年6月。
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    6. 黃銘傑,自己股份買回與公司法-財政部“庫藏股”制度草案的問題點與盲點,臺大法學論叢,28卷1期,頁217–258,1998年1月。
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    (四) 學位論文與研究計畫
    1. 江佑庭,從債務資金成本角度重新審視資本維持原則之合理性,國立臺灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文,2019年。
    2. 理律法律事務所、財團法人台灣亞洲基金會,公司法制研修分析 ─【公司法制全盤研究與修訂建議】委託研究案期末報告第三冊,自版,2000年3月。
    3. 陳彥竹,控股公司之創設及其債權人保護,國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文,2004 年。
    4. 黃拓華,公司組織再造對債權人之保護,國立政治大學法學院碩士在職專班碩士論文,2008年。
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    (五) 法院判決與主管機關函釋
    1. 經濟部 2002 年 3 年 14 日經商字第 09102050200 號函釋。
    2. 經濟部1988年3月2日經商字第05674號函釋。
    3. 經濟部商業司2018年2月1日經商字第10702402640號函釋。
    4. 最高法院71年台上字第1912號民事判決。
    5. 最高法院 72 年度台上字第 289 號民事判決。
    6. 最高法院88年度台上字第3431號民事判決。
    7. 最高法院96年度台上字第1395號民事判決。
    8. 最高法院103年度台上字第2715號裁定。
    9. 最高法院109年度台上字第714號民事判決。
    (六) 網路資源
    1. 中央銀行12月17日央行理監事會後記者會參考資料, https://www.gov.tw/News5_Content.aspx?n=11&s=514135 (最後瀏覽日:2021年5月12日)。
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    (五) 法院判決
    1. ASIC v Plymin & Ors, 46 ASCR 126 (2003).
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    9. Colbert v. Brennan, No. CV 12-2442, 2013 WL 12107709 (E.D. La. Aug. 19, 2013).
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    法律學系
    106651007
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106651007
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202101616
    Appears in Collections:[法律學系] 學位論文

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