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    Title: 台灣借殼上市(櫃)型態與監理機制關聯性之研究
    Research on the Type and Supervision of Backdoor Listing in Taiwan
    Authors: 祁瑄
    Chi, Hsuan
    Contributors: 彭金隆
    Peng, Jin-Lung
    祁瑄
    Chi, Hsuan
    Keywords: 借殼上市
    經營權異動
    營業範圍重大變更
    認定標準
    借殼型態/族群
    炒股
    內線交易
    Backdoor listing
    Managerial control change
    Significant change in business scope
    Determination standards
    Backdoor listing groups/types
    The hype of stock price
    Insider transactions
    Date: 2021
    Issue Date: 2022-02-10 12:56:57 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 借殼上市,在台灣資本市場盛行已久。2013年的基因國際炒股事件,讓台灣借殼議題再次被主管機關重視,為防止因借殼產生之炒股與內線交易行為,主管機關於當年度12月大幅增/修訂相關借殼條款,其中最重要為「認定標準」中有關「經營權異動」與「營業範圍重大變更」同時發生,該上市(櫃)公司股票需停止交易6個月並限期改善,若持續無法改善,則將終止交易之規定。

    綜觀兩岸三地市場對借殼行為的監理規範,香港與中國大陸以採取事前審查的監理制度為主,且對借殼界定及監理範疇多所著墨,而台灣目前則採取事後處置的管理措施。由於屬低度監管,為提高借殼困難度及監理力度,台灣主管機關陸續對「認定標準」及借殼相關條款進行修訂。

    本研究以借殼上市(櫃)公司型態/族群與主管機關借殼條款修訂之關聯性為研究主軸,分析自2013年12月借殼相關條款頒佈及歷經數次修訂至今發生之「經營權異動」案件,其借殼類型/族群、入主方式及入主後經營權變化情形,探討主管機關監理機制是否會對借殼型態/族群造成變化;而此變化對因借殼而產生炒股或內線交易行為之影響;並分析在該變化下之個案衍生出之炒股、掏空及內線交易問題。

    依本研究結果發現,趨嚴的規範並未降低市場借殼意願,且借殼型態/族群更加多元化,而藉借殼炒股、掏空資產及內線交易之情事,亦未隨之減少。分析主因為台灣對借殼之監理機制屬事後監理,處置重於防範,讓投機者易於繞道而行,故建議對借殼之「認定標準」及「資訊揭露」強化規管,以保障小股東權益。
    The Backdoor listing has been popular in the capital market of Taiwan for a long time. Since the stock-price event of Gene International Co. happened in 2013, the supervision authority has taken seriously the backdoor listing issues again. To prevent the hype of stock price and insider transaction activities through backdoor listing, the supervision authority substantially published/amended the relevant backdoor listing provisions in December 2013. The most important would be the “managerial control change” and “significant change in business scope” occurred at the same time, the stock of listed company should be stopped trading for 6 months, and in the mean time the listed company should make further financial improvement during limited period, otherwise, the stock transaction of listed company will be terminated.

    In aspect of the supervision of backdoor listing in the Great China capital markets, except the post-supervision disposals in Taiwan, both the supervision authorities in Hong Kong and China mainly adopt the pre-supervision system and define extremely the provisions of backdoor listing. Due to the lower level supervision disposal, the competent authority of Taiwan has successively amended the provisions to enhance the difficulties of backdoor listing and the intensities of supervision.

    This research targets the type and supervision of the backdoor listing in Taiwan market, and focuses on the analysis of the "managerial control change" cases that have occurred since the backdoor listing provisions published/amended in December 2013. By in-depth investigations in the backdoor listing group types, the managerial control change methods and the differences after managerial control change, the research studies whether the supervisory mechanism of the competent authority would cause influences to the backdoor listing types. In addition, the influences would affect the hype of stock price or insider transaction behavior through backdoor listing and the issues of stock trading, hollowing-out and insider transactions caused from those backdoor listing companies under the influences.

    According to this study, the stricter regulations have not reduced the backdoor listing transactions in the capital market, but resulted in the backdoor listing types more diversified, and the cases/events of abnormal stock trading, asset hollowing-out and insider transactions resulted from backdoor listings have not reduced accordingly. The analysis is mainly because the backdoor listing supervision mechanism in Taiwan is post-supervision, that leads to “disposal” more important than “prevention”, and making it easier for speculators to seek private gain without following provisions and corporate governance. Therefore, to protect the rights and interests of minority shareholders, it is advised to strengthen and govern the regulations and supervision of the "determination standards" of backdoor listing and "information fully disclosure" of listed companies.
    Reference: 中文文獻
    論文
    1.蔡詠鈞(2013),上市櫃公司經借殼上市後股價表現之研究,義守大學財務金融學系碩士論文
    2.簡瑞佑(2014),借殼上市企業之探討與影響-以基因國際為例,國立中正大學會計與資訊科技研究所碩士論文
    3.高于婷(2014),借殼上市櫃監理規範之研究,國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文
    4.王筱葳(2015),借殼上市公司的經營績效之研究,長庚大學工商管理學系碩士論文
    5.吳瓊米(2015),借殼上市監理機制之探討,義守大學管理學院管理碩士在職專班碩士論文
    6.林鈺瑋(2015),公司借殼上市之研究,長庚大學工商管理學系碩士論文
    7.馬洪鈞(2018),自經營模式觀點遴選具再造價值之被借殼上市櫃企業,朝陽科技大學企業管理系碩士論文
    8.陳慧玲(2019),台灣借殼上市規則改變之公司治理研究-以基因國際事件為例,國立政治大學經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)碩士學位論文
    9.林秀榛(2019),借殼上市櫃監理機制之研究-以英美法為借鏡,國立台灣大學科際整合法律學研究所碩士論文

    期刊
    1.余尚武、楊政麟(1997),台灣企業借殼上市之經濟行為與股價報酬之關係,經濟情勢暨評論,第3卷第3期,頁206~221。
    2.吳克昌(1999),集中交易市場「借殼上市」之探討,證交資料,第452期,頁9~17。
    3.羅登義(2014),台灣借殼上市監理情形及發展現況,貨幣觀測與信用評等,106期,頁89~96。
    4.鍾怡如(2014),有關強化借殼上市(櫃)及股權流通性偏低之監理機制相關措施,證券暨期貨月刊,第32卷、第9期,頁17~29。
    5.林玫君(2019),從內線交易案例趨勢談內線交易之防範,證券暨期貨月刊第37卷、第6期,頁5~11。
    6.陳盈如(2020),從實證觀點檢視我國有價證券私募法律制度,臺灣財經法學論叢,第3卷、第1期,頁107~148。

    報章雜誌
    1.林詩茵(2013),建商10年借殼30家!何不走IPO大路,精實新聞,2013年1月。
    2.駱秉寬(2013),借殼上市是毒藥還是解藥?,工商時報,2013年12月。
    3.劉百佳、王曉玲(2014),白領犯罪與企業社會責任(三):借殼上市上櫃的歪風,新知報,2014年4月。
    4.台原藥涉假交易、掏空牛樟芝之父遭約談,工商時報,2018年8月。
    5.台原藥假交易案2嫌聲押,「牛樟芝之父」訊後請回,ETtoday新聞雲,2018年8月。
    6.借殼鬧翻系列,鏡週刊,2019年3月。
    7.劉軒彤(2020),公司改名股價轉運?三部曲藏玄機,財訊雙週刊 (第619期),出刊日期:2020年10月29日。
    8.涉找警員投資當門神,吸金集團首腦徐正倫移送新北檢,自由時報,2016年6月。
    9.悠克國際公司今天召開股東大會,反對者眾多,桃園新聞網,2016年6月。
    10.引詐騙集團入主悠克國際監察人質疑:董事長王進祥搞掏空,時報周刊,2016年7月。
    11.巨富淪巨負系列,中時新聞網,2020年1月。
    12.悠克國際股價遭炒高150% 檢調兵分5路搜索約談負責人,ETtoday新聞雲,2019年3月。
    13.上曜董座張祐銘不可思議的闖蕩人生,今周刊,2013年8月。

    網際網路
    1.加權指數歷年漲跌統計資料-Goodinfo!台灣股市資訊網
    https://goodinfo.tw/StockInfo/StockldxHisAna.asp?STOCK_ID=加權指數
    2.台灣法律網_何謂內線交易?
    http://www.lawtw.com/article.php?template=article_content&area=free_browse&parent_path=,1,2176,&job_id=102306&article_category_id=829&article_id=43631
    3.防借殼上市港將提高IPO門檻https://udn.com/news/story/7333/5051406?from=udn-catelistnews_ch2
    4.MoneyDJ理財網-理財、財經綜合資訊網
    https://www.moenydj.com

    法令規範
    1.證券暨期貨法令判解查詢系統http://www.selaw.com.tw/
    2.臺灣證券交易所https://www.twse.com.tw/zh/
    3.證券櫃檯買賣中心https://www.tpex.org.tw//web/?l=zh-tw
    4.香港交易所https://www.hkex.com.hk/
    5.香港證券及期貨事務監察委員會https://www.sfc.hk/TC/
    6.公開資訊觀測站https://mops.twse.com.tw/mops/web/index
    7.金融監督管理委員會(2015),公開發行公司內部人股權申報問答集,頁2~4。

    英文文獻
    1.Gleason, K.C., Jain, R. and Rosenthal, L. 2006, Alternatives for Going Public: Evidence from Reverse Takeovers, Self-Underwritten Ipos, and Traditional Ipos (March 15, 2006). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=890714 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.890714
    2.Floros, V. I. and Sapp, T., 2011, Shell Games: On the Value of Shell Companies. Journal of Corporate Finance, 17, 850-867
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
    107932130
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107932130
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202200060
    Appears in Collections:[經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文

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