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    Title: 歐洲聯盟與中國在氣候政策上的競合-從電動車產業探討
    The Relations between the European Union and China in Climate Policies- the case of the electric vehicle industry
    Authors: 李俞萱
    Li, Yu-Hsuan
    Contributors: 蘇卓馨
    李俞萱
    Li, Yu-Hsuan
    Keywords: 氣候政策
    電動車
    互賴理論
    歐盟
    中國
    Date: 2022
    Issue Date: 2022-09-02 15:37:11 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 在氣候議題上,歐盟長久以來積極推動國際氣候談判的進展,中國則是在2012年由中國總書記習近平提出生態文明發展建設的理念,漸漸重視氣候議題。以美國退出巴黎協議為契機,歐盟與中國在氣候議題上的合作更加緊密了,雙方的合作在全球應對氣候變化上佔有重要的角色。為應對氣候變化,運輸電動化是減排的重要手段之ㄧ。在電動車產業的發展下,中、歐各為全球第一大與第二大電動車市場(2021年)。本文以歐盟與中國為例,旨在分析歐盟與中國在氣候政策與電動車產業的合作與競爭。研究發現,歐盟與中國自2005年首次發布氣候議題上的聯合聲明後,透過歐中峰會的定期交流,雙方所合作的議題與項目的廣度都增加了。2005年時,雙方有共識的合作議題主要限於碳排放、技術合作與能源效率,但到了2018年,雙方已同意在潔淨能源、低碳交通、低碳城市合作等九個議題上合作。
    在電動車產業上,由於歐盟有98%的稀土進口自中國,因而在上游對中國有高度的敏感性依賴。在中游部分,歐盟內部的電池供不應求;由於中國供給全球66%的電池,是最大的供給者,故歐盟在中游也有較高的敏感性依賴。在脆弱性依賴的部分,歐盟僅在上游存有脆弱性依賴,中游部分則因為中國的電池具有替代性,所以較沒有脆弱性依賴的情形。歐盟與中國在電動車產業上於多元的合作中存有競爭。從全球市場的銷售額排名來看,歐盟與中國的競爭力不相上下。在呈現寡占的中東與非洲市場,歐洲企業與中國企業也是寡占企業之一。歐盟與中國的本土市場則是各自的本土企業最有優勢。歐中雖在氣候政策上有所合作,但在可以達到減排的手段,電動車上卻隱含有競爭的本質。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    外交學系
    109253002
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109253002
    Data Type: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202201456
    Appears in Collections:[外交學系] 學位論文

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