English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 112704/143671 (78%)
Visitors : 49721594      Online Users : 590
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
    •  Adv. Search
    Home ‧ Login ‧ Upload ‧ Help ‧ About ‧ Administer Goto mobile version


    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/153131


    Title: 論現行國際間對AI應用之政策及規範—以保險業為例
    A Study on the Current International Policies and Regulations on AI Applications: A Case Study of the Insurance Industry
    Authors: 陳律芸
    Chen, Lyu-Yun
    Contributors: 馮震宇
    陳律芸
    Chen, Lyu-Yun
    Keywords: 人工智慧
    AI
    金融業
    保險科技
    Artificial intelligence
    AI
    Financial industry
    Insurtech
    Date: 2024
    Issue Date: 2024-09-04 13:59:29 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 2023年為人工智慧元年，隨著科技進步，人工智慧的應用已從過去單純的以自動化取代簡單人力，進步到如今用以輔助決策之人工智慧，另外，尚有以生成、輸出內容為特色的生成式人工智慧。面對人工智慧技術之不斷進步，各國政府和各產業也嘗試透過各樣方法導入人工智慧，成為各產業既有問題之解方，或甚至促成產業升級和產業中的通用技術，並在過程中發展出各產業所屬之科技，例如金融科技相關之人工智慧和智能醫療等等。
    我國也透過政策和相關立法推動科技之應用，而金融科技發展路徑圖從1.0至目前2.0的版本，也已成功地推動我國金融科技進步，尤其是數位化方面。而面對人工智慧時代來臨，其他世界上相對發展成熟之國家也透過不同的立法模式進行風險管理，並嘗試兼顧創新。在眾多產業中，保險業作為金融業的一環，其決策涉及財產特性，且決策基礎往往仰賴大量數據，因此，人工智慧的導入成為其產業升級的關鍵。
    又，歐、美、英等世界上人工智慧規範發展相對成熟之國家之所以能夠在保險業中導入人工智慧，其原因不僅僅為其立法注重資料治理、不公平和歧視、透明度和可解釋性等議題之處理，亦和雲端資料庫之開放和政策有關。對於我國保險業目前已有人工智慧導入的情形，以及未來保險業甚或其他金融業可能將有更多人工智慧導入之趨勢，立法和政策上更應著重現有法規的解釋以及考量專法或原則的設立，以因應未來更多人工智慧之應用和發展。
    2023 marks the inception of the AI era in the world. With advancements in technology, the application of artificial intelligence has evolved from simply automating basic human tasks to aiding decision-making processes. Additionally, there is generative AI, characterized by its ability to generate and output contents. In response to the continuous advancements in AI technology, governments and various industries worldwide are exploring ways to integrate AI to address existing challenges, drive industry upgrades, and establish AI as a general-purpose technology. This has led to the development of industry-specific technologies, such as AI in fintech and smart healthcare.
    As to Taiwan, our country has also been promoting the application of technology through policies and relevant legislation. The FinTech Development Roadmap, from version 1.0 to the current 2.0, has successfully advanced our country's fintech progress, especially in digitalization. With the advent of the AI era, other countries with more development in relevant technology are also implementing risk management through various legislative models, striving to achieve the innovation simultaneously. The insurance industry, as part of the financial sector, involves decision-making related to asset characteristics and often relies on large amounts of data. Therefore, the integration of AI has become a key factor in the industry's upgrade.
    Moreover, the reason why countries with relatively mature AI regulations, such as those in Europe, the United States, and the United Kingdom, can integrate AI into the insurance industry is not only because their legislation addresses issues such as data governance, fairness and discrimination, transparency, and explainability, but also due to the openness and policies regarding cloud databases. Given the current implementation of AI in our insurance industry and the potential trend of increased AI integration in the insurance and other financial sectors, the legislation and policy should place greater emphasis on the interpretation of existing regulations and the consideration of establishing specialized laws or principles to address the future applications and developments of artificial intelligence.
    Reference: 參考文獻

    一、 中文文獻
    1. 第十屆保險卓越獎得獎專刊 (2023).
    2. 人工智慧發展法草案, 立法院議案關係文書. 院總字第1021號委員提案第28966號: 405.
    3. 人工智慧發展基本法草案,立法院議案關係文書. 院 總 字 第 1021 號委員提案第23371 121.
    4. . "大數據打造投資型保單 國泰創新推出「iSmart變額壽險」國泰世華智能投資攜手國泰人壽 用科技兼顧投資收益與基本保障." from https://www.cathayholdings.com/holdings/information-centre/intro/latest news/detail?news=DyAwkzM_Gkma3nYNaFhg1A.
    5. 台灣AI行動計畫2.0 (2023-2026年): 17-18.
    6. 台灣AI行動計畫(2018-2021年): 5-12.
    7. 金管會就金融業運用人工智慧(AI)指引草案公開徵詢外界意見 新聞稿.
    8. 金管會發布「金融業運用人工智慧(AI)指引」.
    9. . "財團保險法人保險事業發展中心官網-保險卓越獎: 3. 資訊應用卓越獎." from https://www.tii.org.tw/tii/bulletin/insuranceAward/000010.html
    10. . "華南銀行用心規劃客戶需求 連續六屆獲保險卓越獎肯定." from https://www.hnfhc.com.tw/HNFHC/info/d_in.do?id=55b4648d180000079be5
    11. (2023). "AI智慧製造與數位轉型專題報告." 財團法人中技社: 41.
    12. 中央通訊社新聞稿 人工智慧基本法 吳政忠:盼 9 月提初步草案.
    13. 王煦棋 (2024). "金融業AI監管的十字路口—從風控角度談臺灣AI法制." 當代法律 28: 26-34.
    14. 吳佳琳 (2020). "初探人工智慧的民事法律責任—從歐洲議會機器人民事法律規範建議開展." 科技法律透析 32(1): 57.
    15. 李建良、陳錫平. "歐盟人工智慧規則草案之初探—以市場、風險、價值及信賴為核心的管制架構(2022/1/27) ". from HTTPS://AL.HIAS.SINICA.EDU.TW/EU-AI-REGULATION-DRAFT-MINUTES/.
    16. 金管會 金融業運用人工智慧(AI)之核心原則與相關推動政策草案 新聞稿.
    17. 金融監督管理委員會 (2020). 金融科技發展路徑圖.
    18. 金融監督管理委員會 (2024). 金融業運用人工智慧(AI)指引.
    19. 國科會 人工智慧基本法草案預告 促進創新兼顧人權與風險.
    20. 國科會 (2024). 人工智慧基本法草案總說明及條文: 1-9.
    21. 許嘉芳 (2023). "淺談NIST《人工智慧風險管理框架》." 科技法律透析 35(5): 1-3.
    22. 郭戎晉 (2020). "論人工智慧技術應用、法律問題定位及監管立法趨勢—以美國實務發展為核心." 成大法學 39: 183.
    23. 郭戎晉 (2023). "國際趨勢下之人工智慧監管可能模式與臺灣推動課題." 全國律師: 13-15.
    24. 陳建佑 (2023). "人工智慧監管法律—獨漏自主性武器之規範." 全國律師 27(6): 37-50.
    25. 彭金隆、贓正運 (2019). "金融科技監理與我國金融監理沙盒制度之檢視." 管理評論 38(4): 19.
    26. 黃邵敏 (2020). 金融科技發展與創新之監理問題與挑戰—以我國監理沙盒制度為中心. 政治大學法律科技整合研究所. 碩士論文: 43.
    27. 蔡家蓁 (2022). 數據賦權與個人資料法制之探討─以歐盟GDPR為核心, 東吳大學. 碩士論文: 46-57.
    28. 黎家興 (2019). "歐盟人工智能的最新監理趨勢." 月旦會計實務研究 24: 111.
    29. 謝怡如 (2022). 我國保險科技應用發展與監理之研究: 27-39.





















    二、 英文文獻
    1. AB-331 Automated decision tools.
    2. AI 600-1 Initial Public Draft, Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework: Generative Artificial Intelligence Profile. NIST: 3-10.
    3. AI Act. EU.
    4. AI ROADMAP. U. A. COUNCIL: 3-8.
    5. Artificial Intelligence (AI) update – further to the Government’s response to the AI White Paper.
    6. . "‘Assurance’, The Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO)." from https:// ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/jobs/departments/good-practice-audit/.
    7. The Bank and the PRA’s response to DSIT/HMT: update on our approach to AI.
    8. Colorado: An overview of Regulation 10-1-1 and its governance framework (Mar 2024).
    9. Concerning Quantitative Testing of External Consumer Data and Information Sources, Algorithms, and Predictive Models Used for Life Insurance Underwriting for Unfairly Discriminatory Outcomes, DRAFT PROPOSED New Regulation 10-2-xx, 3 CCR 702-10.
    10. Consumer Rights Act 2015.
    11. Cyber Essentials: Requirements for IT infrastructure v3.1. N. C. S. Centre.
    12. Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on access to the activity of credit institutions and the prudential supervision of credit institutions and investment firms, amending Directive 2002/87/EC and repealing Directives 2006/48/EC and 2006/49/EC Text with EEA relevance.
    13. EFPIA Statement on the use of AI in the medicinal product lifecycle in the context of the AI Act.
    14. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act. [ECOA], 15 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.
    15. European Parliament legislative resolution of 13 March 2024 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on laying down harmonised rules on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and amending certain Union Legislative Acts. (COM(2021)0206 – C9-0146/2021 – 2021/0106(COD)).
    16. Fair Credit Reporting Act, 16 CFR Chapter I Subchapter F.
    17. . "GPAI 官網." from https://gpai.ai/.
    18. Guidance for Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Applications (January 6, 2020). T. W. House.
    19. ISO/IEC 22989:2022.
    20. "The Medical Devices Regulation 2002’, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, 2002 ".
    from https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/618/contents/made.
    21. "Munich Re Automation Solutions Ltd https://www.munichre.com/automation-solutions/en/company/our-story/what_we_believe.html."
    22. "Munich RE https://www.munichre.com/en/company/about-munich-re.html."
    23. OECD Recommendation on AI: 2019.
    24. Proposal for a REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL LAYING DOWN HARMONISED RULES ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACT) AND AMENDING CERTAIN UNION LEGISLATIVE ACTS.
    25. Regulation 10-1-1, Governance and Risk Management Framework Requirements for Life Insurers' Use of External Consumer Data and Information Sources, Algorithms, and Predictive Models. . “46 CR 20, Octo” 3 Colo. Code Regs. § 702-10-1-1-1.
    26. Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2023 on harmonised rules on fair access to and use of data and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2394 and Directive (EU) 2020/1828 (Data Act) PE/49/2023/REV/1.
    27. Response to the Government consultation on the White Paper: A pro-innovation approach to AI regulation. P. S. A. f. H. a. S. Care: 3-5.
    28. SB-896 Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act.
    29. Truth in Lending Act. 15 U.S.C. §§ 1601-1667f.
    30. UK GDPR.
    31. "UK Parliament official webpage https://www.parliament.uk/ ".
    32. "‘What Is Open Banking?’, Open Banking." from https://www.openbanking.org.uk/what-is-open-banking/.
    33. (2019). Executive Order on Maintaining American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence. T. W. House.
    34. (2019). Privacy Enhancing Technologies summary. T. R. Society.
    35. (2020). White Paper on Artificial Intelligence-A European approach to excellence and trust. E. COMMISSION.
    36. (2021). AI and Data Protection Risk Toolkit’. I. C. s. Office.
    37. (2021). "Economic Impact of the FCA'S Consumer Duty-Report prepared for the FCA Practitioner Panel." Frontier Economics.: 6-9.
    38. (2021). The roadmap to an effective AI assurance ecosystem. C. f. D. E. a. Innovation.
    39. (2023). Policy paper presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology by Command of His Majesty on 29 March 2023, A pro-innovation approach to AI regulation.
    40. (2023). A Pro-innovation Approach to AI Regulation. U. Government: para. 48-52.
    41. (2023). Pro-innovation Regulation of Technologies Review: Digital Technologies. H. Treasury.
    42. (2023, 2024/04/08). "Reflections On The First Year Of The Generative AI Era – Forbes." from https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2023/11/01/reflections-on-the-first-year-of-the-generative-ai-era/?sh=5b2a70655aea.
    43. (2024). Implementing the UK’S AI Regulatory Principles (Initial Guidance for Regulators). D. f. S. I. a. Technology: 5.
    44. (2024). Introduction to AI assurance. I. a. T. Department for Science.
    45. (2024). Letter from DSIT Secretary of State and the Economic Secretary to the Treasury and City Minister to the Financial Conduct Authority (Published 15 February 2024). I. a. T. Department for Science.
    46. (2024). POST note 708, Policy implications of artificial intelligence (AI). U. P. Post.
    47. (2024). Research briefing. Automated Vehicles Bill [HL] 2023-24. H. o. C. Library.
    48. Agency, T. M. a. H. P. R. (2021). "‘Transforming the regulation of software and artificial intelligence as a medical device’." from https://www.gov.uk/government/news/transforming-the-regulation-of-software-and-artificial-intelligence-as-a-medical-device.
    49. AI Index Steering Committee, I. f. H.-C. A., Stanford University, (2024). The AI Index 2024 Annual Report: 376.
    50. AI index steering committee, s. i. f. h.-c. a., stanford university (2022). The AI Index 2022 Annual Report: 177–178.
    51. AI, N. (2023). Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0).
    52. aisbl, I. E. (2021). AI in the Insurance sector: 1-5.
    53. AL-Dosari, K., Fetais, N., & Kucukvar, M (2022). "Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Defense System for Banking Industry: A Qualitative Study of AI Applications and Challenges." Cybernetics and Systems 55(2): 302–330.
    54. Alert, B. C. Treasury’s FIO Releases Report: ‘Insurance Supervision and Regulation of Climate-Related Risks’. (JULY 5, 2023).
    55. Ångström, R. C., Björn, M., Dahlander, L., Mähring, M., & Wallin, M. W. (2023). "Getting AI Implementation Right: Insights from a Global Survey." California Management Review 66(1): 5-22.
    56. Authority, E. I. a. O. P. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES: TOWARDS ETHICAL AND TRUSTWORTHY ARTIFICIAL.
    57. Authority, u. I. a. O. P. (2021). ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES: TOWARDS ETHICAL AND TRUSTWORTHY ARTIFICIAL
    58. INTELLIGENCE IN THEEUROPEAN INSURANCE SECTOR: A report from EIOPA´s Consultative Expert Group on Digital Ethics in insurance: 21-67.
    59. Bandi, A., Pydi Venkata Satya, R. A., & Yudu Eswar Vinay Pratap,Kumar Kuchi. (2023). "The Power of Generative AI: A Review of Requirements, Models, Input–Output Formats, Evaluation Metrics, and Challenges." Future Internet 15(8): 260.
    60. Barrance, E., Kazim, E., Hilliard, A., Trengove, M., Zannone, S., & Koshiyama, A. (2022). "Overview and commentary of the CDEI's extended roadmap to an effective AI assurance ecosystem." Frontiers in artificial intelligence: 5.
    61. Bernd Carsten Stahl, R. R., Nicole Santiago, Kevin Macnish. (2022). "A European Agency for Artificial Intelligence: Protecting fundamental rights and ethical values." Computer Law & Security Review 45.
    62. Carbó, S. G., Edward & Molyneux, Philip. (2005). Financial Exclusion in the US.
    63. Charlie Giattino, E. M., Veronika Samborska and Max Roser (2023). Artificial Intelligence, OurWorldInData.org.
    64. Chia, H., Beck, D., Paterson, J. M., & Savulescu, J. (2023). "Autonomous AI: what does autonomy mean in relation to persons or machines?" Law, Innovation and Technology 15(2): 390–410.
    65. Comandè, G., & Schneider, G (2022). "Differential Data Protection Regimes in Data-Driven Research: Why the GDPR is More Research-Friendly Than You Think." German Law Journal 23(4): 559–596.
    66. COMMISSION, E. (2021). Proposal For A Regulation Of The European Parliament And Of The Council, Laying Down Harmonised Rules On Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) And Amending Certain Union Legislative Acts.
    67. Committee, T. J. (2016). European Civil Law Rules In Robotics.
    68. Company, M. (2023). "The state of AI in 2023: Generative AI’s breakout year." https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/quantumblack/our-insights/the-state-of-ai-in-2023-generative-ais-breakout-year#/
    69. Deloitte Artificial Intelligence called to Duty in the General Insurance sector -Understanding and managing risks to provide good customer outcomes.
    70. Deloitte (2024). The UK’s framework for AI regulation.
    71. Dennis Schlegel, K. S., Jens Westenberger (2023). "Failure factors of AI projects: results from expert interviews." International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management 11(3): 25-40.
    72. Department for Science, I. a. T. Letter from DSIT Secretary of State and the Economic Secretary to the Treasury and City Minister to the Bank of England (Published 15 February 2024).
    73. Einola, K., & Khoreva, V. (2023). "Best friend or broken tool? Exploring the co‐existence of humans and artificial intelligence in the workplace ecosystem." Human Resource Management 62(1): 117–135.
    74. EIOPA AI in the insurance sector industry adoption and regulatory developments (Publication date: 13 September 2023).
    75. EIOPA (2024). Report on the Digitalization of the European Insurance Sector: 21.
    76. Eling, M., Nuessle, D. & Staubli, J (2022). The impact of artificial intelligence along the insurance value chain and on the insurability of risks. Geneva Pap Risk Insur Issues Practice 47: 205–241.
    77. EU (2016). General Data Protection Regulation, Official Journal, L 119: 1-88.
    78. F., M. G. a. B. (2023). "Considerations on the regulation of AI systems in the financial sector by the AI Act." Frontiers. Artificial Intelligence. 6.
    79. Government, H. (2008). Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations.
    80. Grant, E. (2021). "Big data-driven innovation, deep learning-assisted smart process planning, and product decision-making information systems in sustainable industry 4.0." Economics, Management, and Financial Markets 16(1): 9–19.
    81. House, T. W. Statements and Releases, FACT SHEET: Biden-⁠Harris Administration Announces New Actions to Promote Responsible AI Innovation that Protects Americans’ Rights and Safety (May 04, 2023).
    82. Huang, M., & Rust, RT. (2018). "Artificial intelligence in service." Journal of Service Research 21(2): 155–172.
    83. IBM (2023). "What is artificial intelligence (AI) in finance?". from https://www.ibm.com/topics/artificial-intelligence-finance.
    84. IBM (2024). The CEO’s Guide to Generative AI: 19-29.
    85. Innovation, C. f. D. E. a. Independent report, Snapshot Paper - AI and Personal Insurance (Published 12 September 2019).
    86. Insurers, A. o. B. (2024). AI Guide Practical ideas for getting started with responsible AI: 8-22.
    87. INTELLIGENCE, H.-L. E. G. O. A. ETHICS GUIDELINES FOR TRUSTWORTHY AI (2019): 14.
    88. Intelligence, O. f. A. (2022). Policy paper Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport by Command of Her Majesty. Establishing a pro-innovation approach to regulating AI.
    89. Itsiq Benizri, A. E., Shannon Togawa Mercer, Ali A. Jessani. "A Comparative Perspective on AI Regulation (2023/07/17) ". from https://www.lawfaremedia.org/article/a-comparative-perspective-on-ai-regulation.
    90. Jan, Z., & Verma, B (2021). "Multicluster Class-Balanced Ensemble." IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems 32(3): 1014–1025.
    91. Januszkiewicz, J. he Growing Importance of Cloud Computing in the Insurance Industry, April 3, 2024.
    92. Johann Laux, S. W., Brent Mittelstadt (2024). "Trustworthy artificial intelligence and the European Union AI act: On the conflation of trustworthiness and acceptability of risk." Regulation & Governance 18(1): 3-32.
    93. KPMG The impact of artificial intelligence on the insurance industry-Harnessing generative AI to transform insurance: 1-3.
    94. Limited, E. Y. G. (2021) European insurers have bold ambitions to expand and accelerate their use of the public cloud to achieve increased operational agility.
    95. Limited, E. Y. G. (2023). Political agreement reached on the EU Artificial Intelligence Act: 14.
    96. LLP, B. C. L. P. The Future of Insurnace - Colorado’s New ECDIS and AI Model Regulations. (Nov 30, 2023).
    97. LLP, C. C. (2021). IMPACT OF THE NEW EU AI REGULATION ON FINANCIAL SECTOR FIRMS: 2-15.
    98. LLP, C. C. (2021). Safeguarding the Use of AI in the Insurance Sector: 1-4.
    99. Martínez-Díaz, M., & Soriguera, F. (2018). " Autonomous vehicles: Theoretical and practical challenges." Transportation Research Procedia 33: 275–282.
    100. McAfee, A., Rock, D., & Brynjolfsson, E. (2023). "How to Capitalize on Generative AI." Harvard Business Review 101(6): 42–48.
    101. Naresh Kumar Nagwani, J. S. S. (2023). "An artificial intelligence framework on software bug triaging, technological evolution, and future challenges: A review." International Journal of Information Management Data Insights 3(1).
    102. NIST AI RMF Playbook.
    103. NIST (2011). The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, Special Publication 800-145: 2.
    104. Noordhoek, D. (2023). Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in Insurance: Balancing consumer protection and innovation, The Geneva Association: 20-26.
    105. Nvidia State of AI in Financial Services: 2024 Trends, Survey Report: 7-9.
    106. Nvidia (2024). Main challenges for financial services companies in achieving their artificial intelligence goals in 2023.
    107. OECD Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence.
    108. OECD (2019). Artificial Intelligence in Society—OECD iLibrary.
    109. OECD (2022). OECD Framework for the Classification of AI systems — OECD Digital Economy Papers.
    110. Office, I. C. s. Explaining decisions made with AI(17 October 2022- 1.0.3): 96-100.
    111. One Trust Data Guidance, N. D., LLP Comparing privacy laws: GDPR v. CCPA &CPRA. 32-37
    112. Rane, N. Role and Challenges of ChatGPT and Similar Generative Artificial Intelligence in Finance and Accounting (August 30, 2023). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4603206.
    113. RE, M. (2023). Next Generation AI-Augmented Underwriting Transforming Customer Experience, Distribution and Operational Efficiency.
    114. Review, H. B. (2023). AI Won’t Replace Humans — But Humans With AI Will Replace Humans Without AI. "The New World of Work" video series.
    115. Rohit Chopra, D. o. t. C. F. P. B., Kristen Clarke, Assistant Attorney General for the Justice Department’s Civil Rights Division, Charlotte A. Burrows, Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and Lina M. Khan, Chair of the Federal Trade Commission (2023). Joint Statement on Enforcement Efforts against Discrimination and Bias in Automated Systems.
    116. Ruschemeier, H. (2023). AI as a challenge for legal regulation – the scope of application of the artificial intelligence act proposal. ERA Forum 23: 361–376.
    117. Saygin, A. P., Cicekli, I., & Akman, V. (2000). "Turing test: 50 years later." Minds and Machines 10(4): 463–518.
    118. Schumer, C. SAFE Innovation Framework (June 21, 2023).
    119. Schwartz, R., Vassilev, A., Greene, K., Perine, L., Burt, A., & Hall, P (2022). Towards a standard for identifying and managing bias in artificial intelligence. NIST special publication: 1270
    120. Tojin T. Eapen, D. J. F., Josh Folk, and Lokesh Venkataswamy (2023). "How Generative AI Can Augment Human Creativity." Harvard Business Review.
    121. UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence.
    122. Warwick, K. (2013). Artificial intelligence: The basics. Routledge.
    123. Zinchenko V.V., A. K. M., Kremneva E.I., Vladzymyrskyy A.V., Vasilev Y.A (2023). " Technological defects in software based on artificial intelligence." Digital Diagnostics 4: 593-604.
    124. Zohaib Jan, F. A., Wolfgang Mayer, Niki Patel, Georg Grossmann, Markus Stumptner, Ana Kuusk (2023). " Artificial intelligence for industry 4.0: Systematic review of applications, challenges, and opportunities." Expert Systems with Applications 216: 3.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    科技管理與智慧財產研究所
    110364209
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110364209
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[科技管理與智慧財產研究所] 學位論文

    Files in This Item:

    File Description SizeFormat
    420901.pdf3422KbAdobe PDF0View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback