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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/157144


    Title: 第二語言經驗對閱讀第一和第二語言詞頻與詞預測力效果之調控：眼動同步記錄的大腦造影研究
    The Modulation of L2 Experience on Word Frequency and Word Predictability Effects during First- and Second-Language Reading: an Fmri Study with Simultaneously Eye Movement Recording
    Authors: 蔡介立
    Contributors: 心理系
    Keywords: 凝視關聯功能性磁振造影;自然閱讀;雙語閱讀;第二語言經驗
    fixation-related fMRI;natural reading;bilingual reading;L2-experience
    Date: 2022-06
    Issue Date: 2025-05-28 14:07:17 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究計畫的目的在探討第二語言接觸經驗的個別差異，對於母語和第二語言的詞彙處理和閱讀表現之影響。實驗將以母語為中文，英文為第二語言的雙語者，以及母語為英文，中文為第二語言的雙語者為主要對象，藉由整體閱讀表現、詞頻效果、及詞預測力效果，來探討並比較閱讀中文和閱讀英文句子和篇章的詞彙處理效率和消長，並檢驗弱化連結假說中L2經驗個別差異對雙語閱讀之調控。在三年的實驗中，將運用大腦磁振造影快速掃瞄並同步記錄眼動凝視位置和時間的先端實驗整合技術，一方面藉由眼動記錄提供多項指標的優點，比較雙語讀者眼動的整體指標和局部指標，在L1和L2閱讀表現和效率的異同，並驗證弱化連結假說中L2使用經驗對L1和L2詞頻效果和詞預測力效果的調控；另一方面藉由眼動儀與磁振造影儀同時記錄，分析凝視點所在文字和語言處理，包括L1和L2閱讀表現和效率、詞頻效果和詞預測力、以及L2經驗等在大腦活化的部位和對應關係。
    第一和第二年的實驗以中英雙語者為對象，第一年以獨立句子為材料，採實驗控制的取向直接操弄詞頻和詞預測力，檢驗兩者在L1閱讀和L2閱讀的效果異同，第二年則以故事篇章為材料，採統計控制的方式分析篇章所有詞彙頻率和預測力的連續變化，將語言不同屬性同時納入考量，以對閱讀涉及的機制有更全面性的瞭解。第三年則以英中雙語者為對象，閱讀與第二年實驗相同的故事篇章材料，再次檢驗弱化連結假說中L2經驗個別差異對雙語閱讀之調控，並與第二年的結果整合分析加以比較，探討中文閱讀和英文閱讀時優勢語言讀者和非優勢語言讀者之間的異同。
    研究計畫不論在議題和理論的檢驗，或是在方法上的創新與特殊性，都有研究的重要性與價值。研究結果除了檢驗雙語閱讀表現如何受第二語言經驗的個別差異所調控、比較閱讀L1和閱讀L2的異同、及比較中英母語者閱讀表現之外，在實驗方法運用獨特的大腦磁振造影快速掃瞄並同步記錄眼動凝視位置和時間的先端實驗整合技術，藉由眼動記錄提供整體指標和局部指標的優點來分析各種效果，且藉由凝視點的空間和時間資訊，搭配SMS-InI執行100毫秒的全腦快速掃描，將可呈現雙語閱讀中語言快速處理和動態變化所涉及的大腦活動。
    This project aims at investigating the influence of L2-experience on lexical processing and reading performance of reading L1 and L2 text. The participants of the experiments in this project are Chinese-English and English-Chinese bilinguals. The present project will compare the reading proficiency, word frequency effect, and word predictability effect while reading sentences and short stories of Chinese and English as their L1 and L2. The weaker links hypothesis will be examined to show whether L2-experience would modulate reading L1 vs. L2. The proposed experiments in this project will use the innovative integration of the eye-brain recording methods and implement the simultaneous-multi-slice inverse imaging (SMS-InI) while the participant is reading the text. One of the advantages of eye movement recording is that it provides multiple indices of global and local measures to compare the language processes between reading L1 and L2, as well as to test the weaker links hypothesis of the modulation of L2-experience on word frequency and word predictability effects. In addition, simultaneous recording of eye movements and fMRI. It allows the use of eye fixation's temporal and spatial information to mark the events for the corresponding brain images to identify the neural substrates for word frequency effect, word predictability effect, reading proficiency of L1 and L2, and the L2-experience.
    The participants for the first and second year experiments are Chinese-English bilinguals. The reading materials for the first year experiment are independent sentences. The experiment takes the experiment control approach to directly manipulate word frequency and word predictability and examine the differences of the effects in reading L1 and L2. The reading materials for the second year are short stories. The experiment takes the statistical control approach to obtain the word frequency and word predictability values for each word in the stories. Taking various lexical properties into consideration, the statistical model can provide the comprehensive understanding to the reading mechanisms. The participants for the third year are English-Chinese bilinguals, reading the same materials of short stories used for the second year. Again the weaker links hypothesis will be tested and the results will be combined with the data of the second year to compare the reading performance of dominate language and non-dominate language while reading Chinese and English.
    The project has its significance and value for theoretical testing and the specialty of the innovative methodology. The results can show how individual difference of L2-experience modulate bilingual reading, the difference of reading L1 and L2, and the different reading performance of Chinese and English native speakers. Moreover, the unique approach of fixation-related and ultra-fast imaging technology of SMS-InI performing the fast whole brain scanning within 100 msec can reveal the temporal-spatial dynamic nature of cognitive processes in bilingual reading.
    Relation: 科技部, MOST107-2410-H004-204-MY3, 107.08-110.07
    Data Type: report
    Appears in Collections:[心理學系] 國科會研究計畫

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