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Title: | 論台美金融機構對金融科技發展之因應:專利權觀點 Study on the Response of Taiwanese and American Financial Institutions to the Development of Financial Technology: From the Perspective of Patent Rights |
Authors: | 韋如璠 Wei, Ju-Fan |
Contributors: | 莊弘鈺 Chuang, Hung-Yu 韋如璠 Wei, Ju-Fan |
Keywords: | 金融科技 專利分析 專利佈局 專利訴訟策略 Fintech Patent Analysis Patent Portfolio Patent Litigation Strategy |
Date: | 2025 |
Issue Date: | 2025-08-04 13:32:25 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 金融科技為新興科技與金融服務的結合,其核心價值在於能降低營運成本、差異化服務內容以及增加顧客的黏著度,因此近年來一直受國際關注。隨著新興科技不斷進步,提供科技業者加入金融服務市場的契機,對傳統金融業造成一定的衝擊。傳統金融機構在轉型過程中,亦開始投入研發創新金融科技,而專利制度便成為維護其研發成果並保有競爭優勢的重要措施。然而申請專利後,如何有效地運用以發揮其價值更是重要課題,否則若花費大量成本取得專利權後未充分發揮其價值,對企業而言即為損失。 故本文以金融科技發展成熟且專利權之運用多元的美國作為比較對象,試圖為我國傳統金融機構未來發展方向作為參考。申言之,本文先透過專利資料庫檢索得到之專利資訊,轉換為圖表化之內容,進而分析比較美國與我國相關金融專利的申請數量、技術分布以及專利品質與價值等。接著,再藉由專利資料庫分析雙方在金融科技專利授權、轉讓情形。最後則是蒐集美國與我國金融機構相關判決,討論法院對於金融科技專利之審查以及著重之判斷標準有何異同,做為未來我國金融業者於相關訴訟上之參考。 從研究結果中,可發現美國與我國在金融科技專利申請、轉讓方面,存在顯著差異,此反映了兩國在市場規模、技術發展、政策環境上的不同。未來我國金融業者除了透過更廣泛的技術佈局來拓展專利技術領域的多元化外,也應加強專利商業化策略,無論是透過授權或轉讓,或許能更有效地發揮專利的價值。訴訟上則需考量金融科技專利之特性,方可降低專利動輒被判定無效的可能性。 Fintech is the combination of emerging technologies and financial services, with its core value lying in reducing operational costs, differentiating service offerings, and increasing customer adhesion. As a result, it has received significant international attention in recent years. As emerging technologies continue to evolve, they have opened the door for technology firms to enter the financial services market, having a significant impact on the traditional institutions. In response, traditional institutions have begun investing in Fintech innovation, with the patent system serving as a key mechanism to safeguard R&D outcomes and maintain competitive advantages. However, obtaining patents is only the first step—effectively utilizing them to generate value is equally crucial. Without proper commercialization or strategic deployment, patent acquisition may become a sunk cost. This paper therefore takes the United States—recognized for its mature Fintech landscape and diverse patent utilization—as a comparative benchmark to provide insights for the future development of traditional financial institutions in Taiwan. Specifically, patent data retrieved from global databases are visualized and analyzed to compare the number of patent applications, technological distribution, and the quality and value of Fintech patents in both countries. Furthermore, the paper explores licensing and transfer trends, followed by an analysis of relevant court decisions in both jurisdictions, aiming to identify differences in judicial reasoning and criteria concerning Fintech patent disputes. The findings reveal significant differences between the U.S. and Taiwan in terms of Fintech patent applications, reflecting variations in market size, technological advancement, and policy environments. Going forward, Taiwanese financial institutions should not only broaden their technological coverage but also enhance patent commercialization strategies through licensing and transfers. In litigation, recognizing the characteristics of Fintech patents will be crucial in reducing the risk of invalidation. |
Reference: | 中文書籍 1. 李顯儀,《數位金融與金融科技》,全華圖書,第四版,2024年。 2. 金融研訓院編輯委員會,《金融科技力》,財團法人台灣金融研訓院,2021年版,2021年。 3. 陳達仁,《專利檢索與專利分析》,經濟部智慧財產局,第三版,2009年。 4. 陳龍昇,《專利法》,元照出版,第四版,2017年。 5. 許履塵,《笑談專利演義─唐老鴨和乒乓球》,元照出版,第三版,2017年。 6. 劉國讚,《專利法之理論與實用》,元照出版,第四版,2018年。 7. 謝銘洋,《智慧財產權法》,元照出版,第九版,2019年。
中文期刊 1. 中央銀行理監事會,〈金融科技發展與銀行經營型態的演變〉,《存款保險資訊季刊》,32卷3期,頁2-5,2019年9月。 2. 朱啟恆,〈大數據於金融業之應用〉,《財金資訊季刊》,84期,頁15-16,2015年10月。 3. 林彥廷、顏俊仁、廖國智等,〈金融科技專利關鍵技術研析〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,232期,頁22-36,2018年4月。 4. 林彥廷、顏俊仁、廖國智等,〈金融科技專利發展的概貌〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,232期,頁6-21,2018年4月。 5. 徐曼慈,〈美國聯邦交易委員會對於專利主張實體商業模式之研究〉,《公平交易委員會電子報》,66期,頁1-2,2017年1月。 6. 張東揚、李維峻、吳俊彥,〈我國金融科技專利的現況與挑戰〉,《財金資訊季刊》,93期,頁23-35,2018年8月。 7. 張中一,〈金融科技發展簡介與芻議〉,《電腦與通訊特刊》,168期,頁4-12,2016年10月。 8. 陳炳森、曾德倫,〈雲端平台營運管理經驗〉,《電腦與通訊》,166期,頁60-67,2016年6月。 9. 許耀華,〈專利分類系統及其應用〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,68期,頁5-21,2004年8月。 10. 馮震宇,〈專利商品化模式之探討〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,65期,頁1-15,2004年5月。 11. 馮耀嘉、馮聖原、簡大翔,〈我國金融機構專利申請案准駁分析與建議〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,244期,頁32-49,2019年4月。 12. 葉雲卿,〈新一代 Alice/Mayo 二階段軟體專利適格性判斷基準之形成與運用〉,《智慧財產評論》,15卷2期,頁21-80,2019年5月。 13. 諶家蘭,〈談人工智慧與金融科技〉,《會計研究月刊》,415期,頁99-105,2020年6月。 14. 鍾富澄,〈數位金融時代FinTech來臨與金融科技專利佈局探討〉,《亞律智權雙月刊》,頁2-4,2016年8月。 15. 簡大翔、郭彥鋒、莊宗翰等,〈我國金融機構專利佈局分析與建議〉,《智慧財產權月刊》,244期,頁8-29,2019年4月。 16. 蕭俊傑,〈人工智慧與金融應用〉,《財金資訊季刊》,95期,頁22-24,2019年7月。
中文學位論文 1. 陳宜彣,《台灣金融科技關鍵技術之專利分析─以金控公司為例》,國立臺北科技大學智慧財產權研究所碩士學位論文,2020年。 2. 詹惠雯,《兩岸金融科技專利實務之研究》,東吳大學法學院暨法律學系碩士在職專班碩士論文,2018年。
其他中文參考文獻 1. 中華民國中央銀行全球資訊網,https://www.cbc.gov.tw/tw/lp-389-1.html (最後瀏覽日:2024年8月9日)。 2. 金融監督管理委員會,金融科技發展策略白皮書,2016年5月。 3. 金融監督管理委員會,金融科技發展路徑圖(2.0),2023年8月。
英文書籍 1. BERNARDO NICOLETTI ET AL., FUTURE OF FINTECH (2017). 2. DONG HE ET AL., FINTECH AND FINANCIAL SERVICES: INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS (2017). 3. KING, B., BANK 4.0: BANKING EVERYWHERE, NEVER AT A BANK (2018).
英文期刊 1. Arnoud Boot, Peter Hoffmann, Luc Laeven & Lev Ratnovski, Fintech: What’s Old, What’s New, 53 J. FIN. STABILITY 100836 (2021). 2. Douglas W. Arner, Janos Barberis & Ross P. Buckley, The Evolution of Fintech: A New Post-Crisis Paradigm, 47 GEO. J. INT’L L. 1271 (2015). 3. Doina Caragea et al., Competition and Innovation in the Financial Sector: Evidence from the Rise of FinTech Start-ups, 65 J. FIN. SERVS. RES. 103 (2024). 4. Gregor Dorfleitner, Lars Hornuf, Matthias Schmitt & Martina Weber, Definition of Fintech and Description of the Fintech Industry, IN FINTECH IN GERMANY 5 (2017). 5. Iris H.-Y. Chiu, Fintech and Disruptive Business Models in Financial Products, Intermediation and Markets—Policy Implications for Financial Regulators, 21 J. TECH. L. & POL’Y 55 (2016). 6. Itay Goldstein, Wei Jiang & G. Andrew Karolyi, To Fintech and Beyond, 32 REV. FIN. STUD. 1647 (2019). 7. Peter Gomber, Julian-Alexander Koch & Michael Siering, Digital Finance and Fintech: Current Research and Future Research Directions, 87 J. BUS. ECON. 537 (2017). 8. Patrick Schueffel, Taming the Beast: A Scientific Definition of Fintech, 4 J. INNOVATION MGMT. 32 (2016). 9. René M. Stulz, Fintech, Bigtech, and the Future of Banks, 31 J. APPLIED CORP. FIN. 86 (2019). 10. Thomas Puschmann, Fintech, 59 BUS. & INFO. SYS. ENG’G 69 (2017). 11. Ting-Hsuan Chen & Rong-Cih Chang, Using Machine Learning to Evaluate the Influence of FinTech Patents: The Case of Taiwan’s Financial Industry, 390 J. COMPUT. & APPLIED MATH. 1(2021). 12. Ting-Kun Liu, Financial Innovation, Financial Patents and Business Performance: An Empirical Study on the Banking Industry in Taiwan, 12 ASIAN ECON. & FIN. REV. 909 (2022).
其他英文參考文獻 1. Financial Stability Board, https://www.fsb.org/work-of-the-fsb/financial-innovation-and-structural-change/Fintech/. (last visited on Jul. 17, 2024). 2. Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC), https://www.ffiec.gov/npw/Institution/TopHoldings(last visited on Aug. 6, 2024). 3. KPMG, Pulse of Fintech, https://home.kpmg.com/xx/en/home/ insights/2017/07/the-pulse-of-Fintech-q2-2017.html (last visited on Jul. 15, 2024). 4. Kramer Levin, Top Holders of Blockchain Patents, https://www.kramerlevin.com/en/perspectives-search/top-holders-of-blockchain-patents.html(last visited on Aug. 8, 2024). 5. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), https://www.occ.treas.gov/topics/charters-and-licensing/financial-institution-lists/index-financial-institution-lists.html(last visited on Aug. 6, 2024). 6. The World Economic Forum, 5 things you need to know about Fintech, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/04/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-Fintech/.(last visited on Jul. 17, 2024). 7. The World Economic Forum, Future of Financial Services 2015, https://www.weforum.org/publications/future-financial-services-2015/(last visited on Jul. 30, 2024). |
Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 科技管理與智慧財產研究所 111364211 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111364211 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [科技管理與智慧財產研究所] 學位論文
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