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| 題名: | 俄羅斯與台灣住房政策之研究 A Study on Housing Policies in Russia and Taiwan |
| 作者: | 曾韋翔 Tseng, Wei-Hsiang |
| 貢獻者: | 林永芳 Lin, Yung-Fang 曾韋翔 Tseng, Wei-Hsiang |
| 關鍵詞: | 住房政策 私有化 可負擔性 社會制度 社會住房 Housing policy Privatization Housing affordability Social institutions Social housing |
| 日期: | 2025 |
| 上傳時間: | 2025-09-01 17:08:42 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 本研究聚焦於俄羅斯與台灣自 1980 年代以來住房政策的發展與政策工具運用之比較,試圖從制度邏輯、政策效果與治理能力三個面向,探討兩國面對住房可負擔性、老舊建物改建與租賃市場發展等課題時所採取的政策手段與效能表現。研究目的在於揭示不同政治經濟體制下,住房政策工具如何受到制度與治理條件的制約與塑造,並評估其對住房正義與市場穩定的貢獻。 研究首先梳理俄羅斯自蘇聯時期全面國營供給,經歷 1990 年代的住房私有化與市場化,至近年重新透過聯邦國家專案介入住房建設的過程;台灣則從民間主導的住房供給體系,逐步擴大公共介入,推動社會住宅與租金補貼計畫,呈現出自下而上的政策演進路徑。 在政策工具分析上,俄國傾向以中央集權、資金集中與指令型手段進行政策推進,具備資源規模優勢但地方落實困難;台灣則透過法制建構、地方合作與財政補貼進行政策落地,強調程序正義與社會共識,但執行緩慢且規模受限。 本研究指出,兩國在可負擔住房供給率、房價所得比、租賃市場規模與都市更新效率上皆存在明顯落差,反映出制度架構與治理能力的異質性。俄羅斯可透過高資本投入迅速達成政策目標,卻面臨政策合法性與資源配置不均問題;台灣則能確保政策程序與透明度,但受限於地方能力與財政規模,難以快速擴張住房政策規模。 結論認為,住房政策工具的有效運作需倚賴健全制度環境與治理結構支持。俄羅斯與台灣皆應深化地方執行能力、強化法治與財政穩定,方能實現「人人有尊嚴居住」的政策願景。此研究貢獻在於提供住房政策跨國比較的新視角,並為日後台灣政策改進與俄羅斯轉型經驗反思提供參考。 This study focuses on a comparative analysis of housing policy development and policy tools between Russia and Taiwan since the 1980s. It aims to explore how institutional logics, governance capacities, and policy effectiveness shape the formulation and implementation of housing tools under different political and economic regimes. The research highlights key challenges both countries face—housing affordability, urban renewal, and rental market development—and assesses the effectiveness of the instruments adopted. The study traces Russia’s transition from a Soviet-era fully state-supplied housing system through post-1991 privatization and marketization to recent federal re-engagement via national housing programs. Taiwan, by contrast, has evolved from a market-dominated system to increased public intervention in the past decade, particularly through the promotion of social housing and rent subsidies, reflecting a bottom-up policy trajectory. Russia tends to rely on centralized power, large-scale public funding, and top-down mandates to drive housing policies. Although effective in scale, this approach often suffers from weak local implementation and legitimacy issues. Taiwan, on the other hand, emphasizes legal frameworks, multi-level governance, and fiscal incentives to promote housing access. It prioritizes due process and democratic deliberation but faces limitations in execution speed and policy scale. Empirical findings reveal disparities between the two countries in affordable housing ratios, price-to-income ratios, rental market size, and urban renewal efficiency. These reflect broader divergences in institutional structures and governance capabilities. Russia can swiftly mobilize resources for ambitious housing programs but struggles with accountability and equity. Taiwan ensures procedural fairness and public participation but finds it difficult to scale up due to limited local capacities and fiscal constraints. The study concludes that effective deployment of housing policy tools hinges on supportive institutional and governance environments. Both Russia and Taiwan must strengthen local implementation capacity, reinforce legal systems, and ensure fiscal sustainability to achieve the goal of dignified and equitable housing. The research contributes to the literature by offering a cross-national comparative perspective and provides policy insights for Taiwan’s future housing reforms and for evaluating Russia’s evolving housing regime. |
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| 描述: | 碩士 國立政治大學 俄羅斯研究所 109263009 |
| 資料來源: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109263009 |
| 資料類型: | thesis |
| 顯示於類別: | [俄羅斯研究所] 學位論文
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