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    Title: 英國文官制度改革之研究(1979∼2003)
    Authors: 范祥偉
    Fan, Syang-wei
    Contributors: 孫本初
    Sun, Ben-chu
    范祥偉
    Fan, Syang-wei
    Keywords: 文官制度改革
    政署
    高級文官職位
    新公共服務
    Civil Service Reform
    Agency
    Senior Civil Service
    New Public Service
    Date: 2003
    Issue Date: 2009-09-14 13:04:54 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究側重於探索性和描述性的研究,討論英國自一九七九年至二○○二年期間的文官制度改革,藉由對於英國文官制度改革的相關文獻的蒐集、整理及分析,能夠讓所研究的主題輪廓更為清晰,並且系統化地呈現出英國文官制度發展的脈絡與內容。
    本研究之範圍,就研究的時間而言,係自一九七九年至二○○二年期間,涵蓋英國二十餘年來歷經柴契爾、梅傑及布萊爾等三位首相所推動及施行的各項文官制度改革活動為主;就研究的對象而言,係以英國文官為研究對象;就研究的主題而言,則以英國文官制度的主要內容為主,包括文官的考選、任用、陞遷、薪給、福利、考績、保障、培訓、退養及撫卹,乃至文官政策、人事機關等相關活動。
    本論文之研究目的,在瞭解英國文官改革的背景與內涵、深入瞭解英國文官改革的重大政策變遷以及英國文官制度發展對我國人事制度興革的啟示。本論文第三章及第四章分別先就英國人事管理體制的轉變及中央人事機關的變革,依發展時間序列進行分析,經由對制度的演進及人事決策機制轉變的瞭解,探索英國一九七九年以來文官改革的啟動、發展及轉折的制度系絡及推動機制。
    第五章到第八章中,則體察「組織變革」、「強化領導」、「績效課責」及「服務傳送」等英國文官管理重要改革課題,分別就政署的創制、高級文官職位的發展、課責制度的變革及新公共服務改革之發展及其對文官管理的影響進行分析,詳細敘述其政策內涵,同時注重各項人事管理政策與公共治理相關理論間的連結,評估各項政策結果,以及未來可能發展。
    最後,則於第九章中,分別就我國近年來所推動相關之人事興革措施,包括核心價值及核心能力、行政法人化、績效管理制度(考績改革及績效獎金制度)、高階文官甄補等,與英國的文官改革經驗進行比較性的對話,並提出未來我國相關制度的改革方向建議。
    第一章 導論‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥1
    第一節 研究動機與目的‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥1
    第二節 研究範圍、方法與限制 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥6
    第三節 研究流程與章節安排 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥8
    第四節 重要名詞界定‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 10

    第二章 文獻探討 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥15
    第一節 文官制度改革的理論基礎 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥15
    第二節 英國文官改革的背景(1979年以前)‥ ‥‥‥22
    第三節 第一回合的英國文官改革模型(1979∼1997) 34
    第四節 第二回合的英國文官改革模型(1997∼2004) 40

    第三章 英國文官制度沿革‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥53
    第一節 保守黨政府文官改革的策略重點‥‥‥‥‥‥ 53
    第二節 人事管理體制的轉變‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥58
    第三節 1979到1997保守黨政府文官改革的特色‥‥ ‥73

    第四章 中央人事機關之組織變革‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥‥77
    第一節 第一階段的組織變革(1979∼1987)‥‥‥‥78
    第二節 第二階段的組織變革(1987∼1995)‥‥‥‥83
    第三節 第三階段的組織變革(1995∼2002)‥‥‥‥89
    第四節 三階段組織變革之要點‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥93

    第五章 政署創制與文官制度發展‥‥‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥99
    第一節 衣布斯(Ibbs)報告‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥100
    第二節 政署創制的理論基礎‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥105
    第三節 政署制的起源與制度設計‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥107
    第四節 政署制的執行成效‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥‥ ‥‥‥112
    第五節 政署制的評價‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥114

    第六章 高級文官職位新制‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥123
    第一節 高級文官職位建制背景‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥123
    第二節 高級文官新制的範圍與特色‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥126
    第三節 公開競爭的甄補制度‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥129
    第四節 績效導向的用人及管理模式‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥133

    第七章 文官課責制度的變遷‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥139
    第一節 課責的基本概念‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥139
    第二節 英國文官課責的轉變路徑‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥141
    第三節 高級文官職位的課責機制‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥150
    第四節 政署的課責機制‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥159
    第五節 布萊爾政府:第三條路的課責績效‥‥‥‥‥163
    第六節 積極性的課責:核心價值與核心能力‥‥‥‥164

    第八章 新公共服務與文官制度發展(布萊爾時期)‥171
    第一節 新公共服務的改革取向‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥172
    第二節 新公共服務的改革措施‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥175
    第三節 新公共服務對文官制度的影響‥‥‥‥‥‥‥187

    第九章 結論與建議‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥197
    第一節 我國文官制度現況之策略性分析‥‥‥‥‥‥198
    第二節 英國經驗對我國文官制度發展之啟示‥‥ ‥205
    第三節 研究發現與未來研究建議‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥226
    參考文獻‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥231

    表目錄
    表2–1 文官制度改革理論基礎之對照表…………………………… 22
    表2–2 1860∼1968年英國設置之各種文官改革委員會……… ……23
    表2–3 「管理顧問團」與「社會調查小組」的發現…………… …28
    表2–4 傳統公共行政、新公共管理、公共服務之比較表………… 47
    表5–1英國政署及服務於政署之文官數目的成長情形(1988~2001)104
    表5–2 白廳模式與政署模式的對照 ……………………………… 116
    表6–1 SCS新制與開放級舊制之比較……………………………… 128
    表6–2 1999~2002年間任用高級文官背景分析………… …………131
    表6–3 進用高級文官女性比例………………………………………131
    表6–4 1999~2002高級文官進用女性、少數民族及原住民情形… 131
    表6–5 英國高級文官核心能力與公共服務核心價值的關係………133
    表6–6 英國高級文官薪給系統………………………………………135
    表6–7 英國高級文官薪給表…………………………………………135
    表6–8 英國高級文官調薪情形………………………………………136
    表6–9 2003年英國高級文官調薪比例………………………………136
    表6–10 2003年英國高級文官績效獎金發放情形………………… 137
    表7–1 英國部長與文官間之課責模式………………………………144
    表7–2 英國文官課責原則的轉變趨勢………………………………150
    表7–3 英國文官公共服務的核心價值………………………………167
    表7–4 英國文官快速陞遷計畫的核心能力架構……………………168
    表8–1 新工黨、舊工黨與新右派治理理念比較……………………171
    表8–2 服務傳送改革團隊組成成員…………………………………178
    表8–3 近年英國公共服務支出成長情形……………………………180
    表8–4 保守黨與新工黨政府文官成功職涯條件比較………………193
    表9–1 我國公務人員教育程度分析表………………………………199
    表9–2 各國人事機關比較表…………………………………… …200
    表9–3 英國中央人事行政組織演變彙整表…………………………205
    表9–4 我國行政法人化機關辦理情形………………………………212


    圖目錄
    圖1–1 研究流程‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥9
    圖2–1 研究架構‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥51
    圖4–1 英國中央人事行政組織1979年-2002年演變情形 ‥‥‥‥97
    圖5–1 參與政署設置過程的主管部會互動關係‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥110
    圖5–2 英國政府文官體系近二十年來變革情形‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥115
    圖6–1 英國高級文官管理架構‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥138
    圖7–1 英國高級文官職位的績效管理架構‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥157
    圖7–2 「最佳價值」績效管理架構‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥164
    圖7–3 核心價值、核心能力與績效關連示意圖‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥165
    圖7–4 英國文官課責制度的變遷過程‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥170
    圖8–1 英國布萊爾政府文官專業職涯養成架構‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥193
    圖8–2 英國新工黨政府文官改革的架構‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥195
    圖9–1 我國文官制度改革之SWOT分析圖‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥204
    圖9–2 英國部會與政署關係圖‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥210
    圖9–3 我國高級文官甄補來源圖‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥219
    圖9–4 行政核心價值項目考量因素圖‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥226
    圖9–5 英國文官制度發展趨勢‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥227
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    Description: 博士
    國立政治大學
    公共行政研究所
    84256502
    92
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0842565021
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[公共行政學系] 學位論文

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