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    Title: 勞動力調整機制與失業
    Authors: 黃幼宜
    Contributors: 林柏生
    黃登興



    黃幼宜
    Keywords: 勞動力調整
    失業
    剩餘生產力的出路
    都市人口回流
    內生勞動供給
    labor adjustment
    unemployment
    vent for surplus
    return migration
    endogenous labor supply
    Date: 2002
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 14:15:18 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本論文包括三篇有關「勞動力調整機制」及「失業」相關課題之研究。
    這三篇研究分別在國際貿易理論的領域中,建立三個不同的理論分析架構與模型,進行討論有關勞動力調整的主題,整個論文的主軸及行文順序如下:

    第一篇文章為「農村失業模型的理論與應用: WTO架構下的農業政策」,主要建構一個可能存在失業的理論模型。主要根據 Adam Smith 「剩餘生產力的出路」(vent for surplus)的理念下,本文主要針對在農村經濟出現生產要素「失業」的情況下,從剩餘生產力出路的觀點,將鄉村的過多勞動力或閒置土地,找到一個新的出口,再創造生產要素的價值。

    第二篇文章為「勞動力調整機制與都市勞動力回流」,都市人口回流鄉村(return migration)為人口遷移的實證文獻所肯定的普遍現象,本文提供一個闡釋上述人口回流現象的理論基礎,討論勞動力的過度反應與都市人口回流(return migration)的形成。當鄉村地區勞動力過度外移至就業,一窩蜂跑到都市後反而成為都市中的失業人口,最後再選擇回流鄉村的動態行為模式。

    最後,第三篇文章為「職前訓練與勞動力調整機制」,結合實質景氣循環模型中內生的勞動供給與跨部門的調整成本 (adjustment costs)的動態分析架構,從勞動者可以自己選擇要投入工作賺取報酬,或是不工作的決定,亦即,勞動者衡量「休閒」與「工作」所帶來的效用差異,決定投入生產的勞動供給量。同時,也考量到勞動市場的內部移動會造成資源配置的調整成本,因此,我們考慮勞動力跨部門移動需要經過職業訓練(training)的過程,才可正式生產。準此,在「內生的勞動供給」模型中納入「職業訓練」調整成本之後,能夠進一步釐清勞動市場內部的調整機制與其配置。
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    第三章部份:
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    Description: 博士
    國立政治大學
    國際經營與貿易研究所
    88351501
    91
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0883515011
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[國際經營與貿易學系 ] 學位論文

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