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    Title: 對外投資、勞動力變動與產業結構調整:台灣之實證分析
    Authors: 凃茜文
    Contributors: 林祖嘉
    凃茜文
    Keywords: 產出
    勞動生產力
    對外投資
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 15:57:41 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究旨在探討對外投資與外人來台投資對國內產業的影響,即外人來台投資是否會使國內產業的產出增加,產生所謂的外溢效果?而對外投資是否會造成國內產業產出減少,發生產業空洞化?同時也探討在對外投資與外人來台投資盛行的這段期間,台灣整體產業與製造業勞動生產力的變動情形。本文將台灣製造業分成十二個產業別,期間由1981至2004年的混合資料(panel data),分析對外投資與外人來台投資對製造業產出的影響。

    本文首先探討整體產業與製造業勞動生產力的變動。先將台灣整體產業分成三級產業分析,在1981至2005年間,勞動生產力成長主要來源為個別產業的勞動生產力成長,即技術進步的部份。勞動配置效果對勞動成長的貢獻不大,但仍符合結構收益假說;交叉變動效果為正,表示勞動配置在生產力快速提升部門,並沒有發生勞動節約現象。而台灣製造業勞動生產力成長主要來源同樣也是個別產業的勞動生產力成長,但是勞動配置效果為負,拒絕結構收益假說。原因為相對勞動生產力在1981至2005年間變化太快;同時在經濟發展過程,產業別的相對所得需求彈性也隨之改變,造成勞動配置效果為負。

    接著將生產函數取對數後,做為分析產出變動的實證模型。結果顯示,以整體製造業而言,不管是對大陸地區投資或是非大陸地區投資,對台灣產出影響為正,而外來投資對於台灣產出的影響也是正面顯著。影響效果為外來投資>對大陸地區投資>非大陸地區投資。但以影響產業數多寡來看,則是對大陸地區投資>非大陸地區投資>外來投資。從個別產業來看,對大陸投資對產出造成負面顯著的產業最多。對非大陸地區投資的話,只有紡織業對產出是負面效果顯著。外人來台投資對台灣產出均是正面顯著,顯示外資的確對台灣的產出有幫助。總結來說,對低工資國家大量投資時,不一定會使國內產出下降,須視個別產業而定。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經濟研究所
    93258027
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    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093258027
    Data Type: thesis
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