| Reference: | 中文部分：
布侃南著、胡守仁譯 (2003)，「連結」， 台北市：天下遠見。
施良方著 (1996)， 「學習理論」， 高雄市：麗文文化。
華德羅普著、齊若蘭譯 (1996)， 「複雜」， 台北市：天下文化。
桑代克著、李月甫譯 (2002)， 「人類的學習」， 台北市：昭明。
劉代洋、林慧明和藍俊杰 (2002)， 「彩券需求之消費者行為分析」，嘉南學報，第28期，第217-230頁。
英文部分：
Arifovich, J. (1994), "" Genetic algorithm learning and the cobweb model,`` Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 18, 3-28.
Arthur, W. B. (1991), ""Designing Economic Agents That Act Like Human Agents: A Behavioral Approach to Bounded Rationality,`` American Economic Review, 81, 353-359.
Arthur, W. B. (1994), ""Inductive reasoning and bounded rationality,`` American Economic Review, 84, 406-411.
Axelrod, R. (1987), ""The Evolution of Strategies in the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma,`` in L. Davis (Ed.) Genetic Algorithms and Simulated Annealing, London: Pitman, 32-41.
Bereby-Meyer, Y. and I. Erev (1998), ""On Learning To Become a Successful Loser: A Comparison of Alternative Abstractions of Learning Processes in the Loss Domain,`` Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 42, 266-286.
Beenstock, M., E. Goldin and Y. Haitovsky (1999), ""What Jackpot? The Optimal Lottery Tax,`` The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, mimeo.
Brenner, T. (1998), ""Can evolutionary algorithms describe learning processes?`` Evolutionary Economics, 8, 271-283.
Brenner, T. (2004), ""Agent Learning Representation - Advice in Modelling Economic Learning`` Retrieved July 28, 2004, from Max Planck Institute for Research into Economic Systems, Evolutionary Economics Group in its series Papers on Economics and Evolution, Web site: https://papers.mpiew-jena.mpg.de/evo/discussionpapers/2004-16.pdf
Browne, B. A. and D. J. Brown (1994), ""Predictors of lottery gambling among American college students,`` Journal of Social Psychology, 134, 339-347.
Burgos, A. (2002), ""Learning to deal with risk: what does reinforcement learning tell us about risk attitudes?`` Economics Bulletin, 4, 1-13.
Camerer, C. F. and T. -H. Ho (1999), ""Experience-Weighted Attraction Learning in Games,`` Econometrica, 67, 827-874.
Chen, S. -H. (2002), Evolutionary computation in economics and finance, New York: Physica-Verlag Press.
Chen, S. -H. and B. -T. Chie (2003), ""Agent-Based Modeling of Lottery Markets,``
Proceedings of Agent2003-Conference on Challenges in Social Simulation, Argonne National
Laboratory and the University of Chicago, 225-233.
Chen, S. -H. and C. -C. Tai (2004), ""Toward a New Principle of Agent Engineering in Multiagent Systems: Computational Equivalence,`` Muti-Agent for Mass User Support, 18-32, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Press.
Chen, S. -H. and C. -H. Yeh (2001), ""Evolving traders and the business school with genetic programming: A new architecture of the agent-based artificial stock market,`` Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 25, 363-393.
Clotfelter, C. T. and P. J. Cook (1989), Selling hope: state lotteries in America, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Cowan, R. and N. Jonard (2004), ""Network structure and the diffusion of knowledge,`` Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 28, 1557-1575.
Creigh-Tyte, S. and L. Farrell (1998), ""The Economics of the National Lottery,``
Working Paper, Department of Economics, University of Durham.
Creigh-Tyte, S. and L. Farrell (2003), ""Is the UK National Lottery Experiencing Lottery Fatigue?`` in L. V. Williams (ed.), The Economics of Gambling. London: Routledge: 165-181.
Erev, I. and A. E. Roth (1996), ""On the Need for Low Rationality, Cognitive Game Theory: Reinforcement Learning in Experimental Games With Unique, Mixed Strategy Euilibria,`` Mimeo, University of Pittsburgh. (Earlier version of Erev and Roth (1998).)
Erev, I. and A. E. Roth (1998), ""Predicting How People Play Games: Reinforcement Learning in Experimental Games With Unique, Mixed Strategy Euilibria,`` American Economic Review, 88, 848-881.
Farrell, L. and I. Walker (1999), ""The Welfare Effects of Lotto: Evidence from the UK,`` Journal of Public Economics, 72, 99-120.
Farrell, L., E. Morgenroth and I. Walker (1999), ""A Time-Series Analysis of UK Lottery Sales: Long and Short Run Price Elasticities,`` Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61, 513-526.
Feltovich, N. (2000), ""Reinforcement-based vs. belief-based learning models in experimental asymmetric-information games,`` Econometrica, 68, 605-641.
Feltovich, N. (2004), ""Slow Learning in the Market for Lemons: A Note on Reinforcement Learning and the Winner`s Curse,`` Working Paper, Department of Economics, University of Houston.
Franke, R. (2003), ""Reinforcement learning in the EL Farol model,`` Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 51, 367-388.
Friedman, M. and L. J. Savage (1948), ""The utility analysis of choices involving risk,`` Journal of Political Economy, 66, 279-304.
Griffiths, M. D. and R. T. A. Wood (1999), ""Lottery gambling and addiction: An overview of European research,`` Retrieved December 13, 2004, from Gambling Literature Online Database, Web site: http://gaming.uleth.ca/
Hallpike, C. R. (1986), The principles of social evolution, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Hartley, R. and G. Lanot (2003), ""On the design of lottery games,`` Journal of the Operational Research Society, 54, 89-100.
Herring, M. and T. Bledsoe (1994), ""A model of lottery participation—Demographics, context and attitudes,`` Policy Studies Journal, 22, 245-257.
Holland, J. H. and J. H. Miller (1991), ""Artificial Adaptive Agent in Economic Theory,`` American Economic Review, 81, 365-370.
Kahneman, D. and A. Tversky (1979), ""Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk,`` Econometrica, 47, 263-291.
Kahneman, D. and A. Tversky (1982), Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases, NY: CUP.
Kaplan, H. R. (1987), ""Lottery winners: The myth and the reality,`` Journal of Gambling Behavior, 3, 168-178.
Kitchen, H. and S. Powells (1991), ""Lottery Expenditures in Canada: a Regional
Analysis of Determinants and Incidence,`` Applied Economics, 23, 1845-1852.
Langer, E. J. (1975), ""The Illusion of Control,`` Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 311-328.
Lettau, M. (1997), ""Explaining the facts with adaptive agents: The case of mutual fund flaws,`` Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 21, 1117-1147.
Lucas, R. E. Jr. (1986), ""Adaptive Behavior and Economic Theory,`` Journal of Business, 59, 401-426.
Mason, P. M., J. W. Steagall and M. M. Fabritius (1997), ""The elasticity of demand for lotto tickets and the corresponding welfare effects,`` Public Finance Review, 25, 474-490.
Mikesell, J. L. (1994), ""State Lottery Sales and Economic Activity,`` National Tax Journal, 47, 165-172.
Miller, G. A. (1956), ""The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information,`` The Psychological Review, 63, 81-97.
Mookherjee, D. and B. Sopher (1994), ""Learning Behavior in an Experimental Matching Pennies Games,`` Games and Economic Behavior, 7, 62-91.
Mookherjee, D. and B. Sopher (1997), ""Learning and Decision Costs in Experimental Constant Sum Games,`` Games and Economic Behavior, 19, 97-132.
Newman, M. E. J. (2000), ""Models of the Small World,`` Journal of Statistical Physics, 101, 819-841.
Rapoport, A., W. E. Stein, J. E. Parco and T. E. Nicholas (2003), ""Equilibrium play and adaptive learning in a three-person centipede game,`` Games and Economic Behavior, 43, 239-265.
Rogers, P. (1998), ""The Cognitive Psychology of Lottery Gambling: A Theoretical review,`` Journal of Gambling Studies, 14, 111-134.
Roth, A. E. and I. Erev (1995), ""Learning in Extensive-Form Games: Experimental Data and Simple Dynamic Models in the Intermediate Term,`` Games and Economic Behavior, Special Issue: Nobel Symposium, 8, 164-212.
Rubenstein, R. and B. Scafidi (2002), ""Who Pays and Who Benefits? Examining the Distributional Consequences of the Georgia Lottery for Education,`` National Tax Journal, 55, 223-238.
Sarin, R. and F. Vahid (2001), ""Predicting How People Play Games: A Procedurally Rational Model of Choice,`` Games and Economic Behavior, 34, 104-122.
Statman, M. (2002), ""Lottery players/stock traders,`` Financial Analysis Journal, 58, 14-21.
Stranahan, H. A. and M. O. Borg (1998b), ""Separating the Decisions of Lottery Expenditures and Participation: A truncated Tobit Approach,`` Public Finance
Review, 26, 99-117.
Taylor, P. D. and L. B. Jonker (1978), ""Evolutionary Stable Strategies and Game Dynamics,`` Mathematical Biosciences, 40, 145-156.
Tesfatsion, L. (2003), ""Notes on learning,`` Retrieved August 24, 2004, from Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Web site: http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/aemind.htm
Tversky A. and D. Kahneman (1974), ""Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases,`` Science, 185, 1124-1131.
Vriend, N. J. (2000), ""An illustration of the essential difference between individual and social learning, and its consequences for computational analyses,`` Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 24, 1-19.
Walker, I. (1998), ""The Economic Analysis of Lotteries,`` Economic Policy, 13(27), 357-402.
Walker, I. and J. Young (2001), ""An Economist’s Guide to Lottery Design,`` The Economic Journal, 111, 700-722.
Wang, J. -S and M. -Y. Lin (2005), ""The Selection Strategy of Lotto-the Empirical Study of Taiwan,`` Working Paper, Department of Public Finance, National Chengchi University. |
