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    Title: 運用徵收方式實施都市更新之研究—以私人興辦之都市更新事業為中心
    Authors: 林昕蓉
    Contributors: 陳立夫
    林昕蓉
    Keywords: 都市更新
    徵收
    公共利益
    協議合建
    利益衡量
    urban renewal
    urban redevelopment
    eminent domain
    public use
    means-end approach
    Date: 2006
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 16:17:52 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 我國早期發展之都市地區,隨時間經歷,無可避免地產生各種都市問題,因而有實施都市更新之必要。於現行法制下,除由政府主辦都市更新外,私人亦得自行實施都市更新,且一般認為政府應幫助私人進行都市更新,原因在於若無政府公權力介入,強迫相關權利人參與,將導致更新時程嚴重拖延,都市更新條例25條之1即明定得由實施者申請徵收少數不願參與都市更新者之土地或合法建築物。然而,政府公權力介入之程度與時機為何,亦應審慎考量。

    由私人興辦都市更新事業,或許除了「私益」外,亦產生「公共利益」,惟此「公共利益」是否大至足以剝奪私人所有權之「私益」,則有待商榷。因而,政府有無權力為了辦理都市更新,以強制手段要求私人參與,甚至徵收不願參與更新者之財產,不無疑問。申言之,主要之問題在於都市更新是否具備足夠之公共利益,而具有剝奪私有財產之正當性;亦即運用徵收方式為辦理都市更新之私人實施者取得其無法以協議方式取得同意之土地,手段(徵收)是否適當,且目的(都市更新)有足以剝奪私人土地之正當性,有釐清及解決之必要。為探討此問題,本文由實施都市更新歷史悠久之美國加以取材,欲透過美國相關法制之研究,找出國內值得學習與借鏡之處。

    本文第二章主要針對我國與美國關於都市更新及土地徵收法制之相關法制加以探討,並歸納我國與美國採徵收手段辦理都市更新時之相關規定。 研究發現我國與美國除更新、徵收程序之差異外,對於得以發動徵收之要件,我國係以「公共利益」稱之,美國則以「公共使用」加以規範,而判斷得否發動徵收之機構,於我國為內政部土地徵收審議委員會,美國則係由司法機關進行判斷。是故,第三章接著介紹美國採徵收手段之都市更新相關裁判概況與主要爭議問題點,並於第二至六節分別探討採徵收手段之都市更新相關判決之主要案例,最後於第七節將二至六節各判決案例中美國法院對於公共使用之判斷標準加以綜合分析。

    第四章則對於我國以徵收方式實施都市更新之規範加以檢討,接著以第三章美國相關判決對公共利益之判斷基準為視點,探討我國之採徵收手段實施更新制度之適當性,以及得以徵收實施更新之情形為何。最後,第五章針對我國現行以徵收作為都市更新手段之規範提出改進方向,以提供都市更新條例及土地徵收條例修法之參考。
    Reference: 一、中文文獻
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    1.Corwin E.S.著,廖天美 (編譯)「美國憲法釋義」,結構群文化事業有限
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    (三)學位論文
    1.陳永昌,「中、美兩國都市更新之比較研究」,淡江大學建築研究所碩士論文,民國78年。
    (四)網路資源
    1.立法院議事暨公報管理系統http://lci.ly.gov.tw/
    2.司法院法學資料檢索系統http://jirs.judicial.gov.tw/Index.htm
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    (二)期刊論文
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    地政研究所
    93257022
    95
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093257022
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[地政學系] 學位論文

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