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https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/38793
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| Title: | 中國能源安全戰略與海軍政策
Chinese Energy Security Strategies and Naval Policies |
| Authors: | 李泇鍀 |
| Contributors: | 鄧中堅
李泇鍀 |
| Keywords: | 無
Economic Growth
Oil Supplies
Sea Lanes of Communication (SLOC)
People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN)
Blue Water Navy |
| Date: | 2009 |
| Issue Date: | 2010-04-09 17:55:41 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 無
Since 1980, due to the reform and opening door policies, the economy has developed rapidly and the demand for energy has greatly increased in China. Nowadays China needs to continue economic growth to last the survival of CCP regime. Therefore economic growth is the core of China. Since Chinese economic growth depends on its energy supplies. To sustain economic growth, China not only tries to acquire offshore oil deposits, but also must rely upon oversea oil. China has become heavily reliant on foreign oil supplies and also becomes the highly competitive country in oil resource on the world. The majority of China’s oil import is through sea transportation. This over-reliance on sea lanes of communication (SLOC) causes China to fall into face great risks.
Beijing feels vulnerable in its Oil transporting lanes and therefore attempts to maintain the stability of its imported oil supplies by securing SLOC to sustain its economic growth. Under these circumstances, the development of the PLA Navy thus becomes a key factor of Chinese prosperity. Beijing becomes aware that a strong navy could protect its oil transporting lanes. However, China does not have a strong navy to acquire its oil transporting lanes. However, China does not have a strong navy to acquire its oil transporting lanes and offshore oil deposits. For this reason, the development of PLA Navy is a natural trend for Chinese expanding national interests. China wants to defend its SLOC far away from its coast to sustain oil supplies stability so that conducts its naval” far sea defense” policy to build a blue-water navy. |
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Wu Shengli , Hu Yanlin (2007). “Building a Powerful People’s Navy That Meets the Requirements of the Historical Mission for Our Army.” Seeking Truth, no. 14.
Wu Zhong (2009, April 23). China unveils its new naval. Asia Times. Retrieved May 16, 2009, from <http://two--plus--two.blogspot.com/2009/04/china-unveils-its-new-naval-clout.html>
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Calder Kent (1996). Pacific Defense: Arms, Energy, and Americas Future in Asia. New York: William Morrow.
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Official Documentations
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Bernard D. Cole (2003). Oil for the Lamps of China-Beijing’s 21st-Century Search for Energy. Washington, DC: Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University.
Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs.(2007, August). Background Note: China, U.S. State Department. Retrieved April 30, 2009, from <http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/18902.htm.>
Christopher C. Joyner (1999). The Spratly Islands Dispute in the South China Sea: Problems, Policies, and Prospects for Diplomatic Accommodation. In Ranjeet K. Singh (Ed.). Investigating Confidence- Building Measures in the Asia-Pacific Region (pp53-108), Washington D.C.: United Nations Department for Disarmament Affairs.
Li Nan (2007). China’s Evolving Naval Strategy. Singapore: East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore.
Christopher J. Pehrson (2006). String of Pearls: meeting the challenge of china’s rising power across the Asian littoral. Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College. Retrieved May 16, 2009, from, <http://www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil/>
Gabriel Collins and Michael C. Grubb (2008). A Comprehensive Survey of China’s Dynamic Shipbuilding Industry: Commercial Development and Strategic Implications. Newport (RI), U.S. Naval War College, 2008. (China Maritime Studies, Number 1, August 2008).
Gabriel Collins, Andrew Erickson, Lyle Goldstein, and William Murray (2008). “Chinese Evaluations of the U.S. Navy Submarine Force.” Naval College War Review. Winter,78-79
Ian Storey (2007). The United States and ASEAN-China Relations: all quiet on the Southeast Asian front. Pennsylvania: The Strategic Studies Institute of the US Army War College.
Information Office of the State Council of the People`s Republic of China (2007). China`s National Defense in 2006. Beijing: The State Council Information Office.
James Holmes (2007, June 14). Testimony before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. China’s Energy Consumption and Opportunities for U.S.-China Cooperation, To Address the Effects of China’s Energy Use. U.S. Naval War College.
Jiang Yuxia (2008, July 22). China opposes any act violating its sovereignty, says FM. Embassy of the People`s Republic of China in Australia. Retrieved April 30, 2009, from <http//:news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-07/22/content_8749356.htm>
Lanteigne, Marc (2007). China`s Energy Geo-Strategy and the `Malacca Dilemma’. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association 48th Annual Conference in Chicago, USA. Retrieved May 1, 2009, from <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p180616_index.html>
M. Taylar Fravel (2005).The Evolution of China`s Military Strategy. In James Mulvenon, & David Finkelstein(Eds.). China’s Revolution in Doctrinal Affairs: Emerging Trends in the Operational Art of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (pp79-99). Washington D.C.: Beaver Press.
Michael R. Auslin (2009, March 4). China’s Military and Security Activities Abroad. Prepared Statement of Michael R. Auslin, Ph.D. ,Resident Scholar in Foreign and Defense Policy Studies, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, D.C. , Testimony before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Hearing on “China’s Military and Security Activities Abroad”.
Liu Huaqing (1996). Party Commands the Gun or Gun Commands the Party & CPC Central Military Commission, the State Central Military Commission. (黨指揮槍、還是槍指揮黨&中共中央軍委、國家軍委：劉華清上將). Hong Kong: Der Spiegel.
Ni, Jianming (2005). Country Energy Security Report 2005(2005年國家能源安全報告). Beijing: People Publishing Agency.
Prepared statement of Richard D. Fisher, Jr., for a July 27, 2005, hearing before the U.S. House Armed Services Committee: 6.
Prepared statement of Richard D. Fisher, Jr., for a March 16, 2006, hearing before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission hearing: 9
Sureesh Mehta (2007). Freedom to Use the Seas: India’s Maritime Military Strategy. New Delhi: Ministry of Defence.
The phrase “String of Pearls” was first used to describe China’s emerging maritime strategy in a report titled “Energy Futures in Asia” by defense contractor, Booz-Allen-Hamilton. This report was commissioned in 2005 by the U.S. Department of Defense’s Office of Net Assessment.
The U.S. Department of Defense (2003). Annual report to congress: Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2003. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
The U.S. Department of Defense (2005). Annual report to congress: Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2005. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
The U.S. Department of Defense (2006). Annual report to congress: Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2006. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
The U.S. Department of Defense (2008). Annual report to congress: Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2008. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
The U.S. Department of Defense (2009). Annual report to congress: Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2009. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
Liu Huaqing (2004). Memoir of Liu Huaqing. Beijing: People`s Liberation Army Press.
The U.S. Department of Energy (2006). The 2006 Department of Energy Strategic Plan. Department of energy.
Transcript of spoken testimony of Richard D. Fisher, Jr., at July 27, 2005 hearing before the U.S. House Armed Services Committee, in response to a question from Representative Curt Weldon.
U.S.-China economic and security review commission. (2005). 2005 Report to Congress of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. Washington, DC.
US Department of State, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, (1996). Straight Baseline Claim: China, Limits In the Seas. No.117. Washington D.C.:US Department of State and in Boundary and Security Bulletin. 4,2: 77-89.
Liu Jiangping and Zhui Yue (2007). “How to Reform the Navy in Order to Execute China’s Maritime Strategy in the 21st Century.” Modern Navy, June: 6-9.
Fravel M. Taylar (2005).The Evolution of China`s Military Strategy. In James Mulvenon, & David Finkelstein(Eds.). China’s Revolution in Doctrinal Affairs: Emerging Trends in the Operational Art of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (pp79-99). Washington D.C.: Beaver Press.
Niu, Xianzhong (1984). Strategic Research And Military Thought(戰略研究與軍事思想). Taipei: Lie Min Culture Co, Ltd.
O’Rourke,Ronald (2007, October 18). China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities. Washington, D.C. : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.
O’Rourke,Ronald (2008, November 19). China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities. Washington, D.C. : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.
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R.R. Churchill and A.V. Lowe (1999). The Law of the Sea. 3rd ed. Manchester, Juris: Manchester University Press.
Robert Catley, Makmur Keliat (1997). Spratlys: Dispute in the South China Sea. Aldershot: Ashgae, 44-65.
Robert O. Work (2008). The US Navy: Charting a Course for Tomorrow’s Fleet: Strategy for the Long Haul. Washington D.C.: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessment.
Rodney Tasker (1995). Ways and Means: Manila plans an expensive military upgrade. Hong Kong: Review Publishing Company Ltd.
Scott Snyder (1966). The South China Sea Dispute: Prospects for Preventive Diplomacy. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Institute of Peace.
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Unryu Suganuma (2000). Sovereign Rights and Territorial Space in Sino-Japanese Relations: Irredentism and the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands. Honolulu: Association for Asian Studies and University of Hawaii Press.
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William F. Martin, Ryukichi Imai, and Helga Steeg (1998). Maintaining Energy Security in a Global Context. New York: The Trilateral Commission.
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Periodicals
Abdul Ghafur Hamid and Khin Maung Sein (2007), “Striking a Balance Between the Rights of a Costal State in its Exclusive Economic Zone and Freedom of Navigation of Other States: A Critical Analysis.” Asian Journal of International Law, 2( 1-2), 109-144.
Admiral Shi Yunsheng (commander of the PLAN), quoted in “Jiang Made the Final Decision on Adopting Offshore Defense Strategy,” Tung Fang Jih Pao (Hong Kong), August 24, 2001.
Alexander Chieh-Cheng Huang (1994). The Chinese Navy’s Offshore Active Defense Strategy: Conceptualization and Implications. Naval War College Review, 47(3),9-18.
Andrew S. Erickson and Michael S. Chase (2008). “Information Technology and China’s Naval Modernization.” Joint Force Quarterly, 3rd Quarter 2008 (Issue 50): 24-30.
Andrew Scobell (2001/2002), “China’s Strategy Toward the South China Sea.” Taiwan Defense Affairs, Vol.2,No.2,1-17.
Andrews Erickson and Michaels Chase (2008). ”Information Technology and China’s Naval Modernization.” Joint Force Quarterly, 50, 3d quarter: 24-30.
Arthur S. Ding (2005). China’s Energy Security Demands and the East China Sea. The China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, 3, 35-38.
Asia Case Research Centere. (2007). “China Quest for Energy.” ACRC:The University of Hong Kong, Summer:1-3. Retrieved May 9, 2009, from <http://www.acrc.org.hk/misc/doc/2007_summer.pdf>
Associated Press (2006). "Mauritius asks India to develop remote Agalega Islands into tourist resort," International Herald Tribune Asia-Pacific. 25 November.
Berger, Yakov.(2004). “China’s Energy Strategy.” Far Eastern Affairs. 32.3, 45-65.
Brian Bremnerl (2004, November 15). Asia`s Great Oil Hunt. Asian Business. Retrived April 16, 2009, from <http://www.businessweek.com- Asia`s Great Oil Hunt >
Chai, Wenchung (2003). “Cooperative Measures to Mitigate Asia-Pacific Maritime Conflicts,” Taiwan Defense Affairs, 3(4).
Cheng Bijian (2005). “China’s ‘Peaceful Rise’ to Great Power Status.” Foreign Affairs. September/October18-19.
China voices strong dissatisfaction over U.S. military report. (2009, March 27). China View. Retrieved May 1, 2009,from <http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/26/content_11079336.htm>
CHRISTOPHER BODEEN (2009). “China-US naval incident part of a rising trend.” Associated Press Writer AP. Tuesday, June 16. Retrieved June 20, 2009, from <http://sg.news.yahoo.com/ap/20090616/tap-as-china-us-navy-incident-1st-ld-wri-bb10fb8.html>
Lai David (2009). Chinese Military Going Global. China Security, 5(1), 3-9.
David Shambaugh (2004/2005). “China Engages Asia: Reshaping the Regional Order.” International Security, 29( 3), Winter: 64-99.
David Zweig and Bi Jianhai (2005). “China’s Global Hunt for Energy.” Foreign Affairs, 84( 5), September/October: 25-38.
Downs, Erica S.(2004). “The Chinese Energy Security Debate”. The China Quarterly, 177, 21-41.
Frost Ellen L., James J. Przystup, and Phillip C.(2008). China’s Rising Influence in Asia: Implications for U.S. Policy. Saunders Strategic Forum, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, No. 231. Retrieved May 9, 2009, from <http://www.ndu.edu/inss>
Evan Thomas and Melinda Liu (2001). "A Crash in the Clouds," The Bulletin with Newsweek, 76-83.
Forsberg, Steven (2007). “India STRETCHES its Sea Legs.” U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, Mar, Vol. 133 Issue 3:40
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Guo, Boyao (2004). Mainland China`s Oil Security Strategic Turning Point(中國大陸石油安全戰略的轉折). Taipei: National Policy Foundation, NPF Backgrounder. Retrieved April 12, 2009, from <http://www.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/SD/093/SD-R-093-002.htm>
Jane’s Information group (2008, April 21). Secret Sanya - China`s new nuclear naval base revealed. Jane’s Intelligence and Insight. Retrieved May 1, 2009, from <http://www.janes.com/news/security/jir/jir080421_1_n.shtml>
Japan Requests New Destroyers. (2006, November 29). Jane`s Defence Weekly .Retrieved April 30, 2009, from <http://www.scribd.com/doc/6987397/Janes-Defence-Weekly-Nov292006>
Jeff Moore (2005, August 25). China`s Kazakh prize: The expert opinion. Asia Times, Retrieved April 23, 2009, from <http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/GH25Ad01.html>.
Kaplan, Robert D (2009). “Center Stage for the Twenty-first Century.” Foreign Affairs. Mar/Apr2009, Vol. 88 Issue 2:28
Keith Jacobs (2007). “PLA-Navy Update,” Naval Forces, No.1, 21-32.
Kenji Minemura (2008, December 31). China to start construction of first aircraft carriers next year. Asahi Shinbun. Retrieved May 9, 2009, from <http://www.asahi.com/english/Herald-asahi/TKY200812310046.htmland; and Hugo Restall (2009, January 6).China at Sea. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 9, 2009, from < http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123118598978754805.html>
Lam, Willy (2004). "Beijing`s Energy Obsession," Asian Wall Street Journal. April 2.
Lee Jae-Hyung (2002). “China’s Expanding Maritime Ambitions in the Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean,” Contemporary Southeast Asia, 24( 3), December: 553-554.
Linus Hagström (2005). “Quiet power: Japan’s China policy in regard to the Pinnacle Islands,” The Pacific Review, 18 June 2005:159–88.
Linus Hagström (2008-2009). “Sino-Japanese relations-The ice that won’t melt”, International Journal, winter, 223-240.
Liu Jiangping and Feng Xianhui (2005). “Going Global: Dialogue Spanning 600 Years,” Liaowang (瞭望, Outlook), 5, July:14-19
M. Taylor Fravel (2008). “China’s Search for Military Power,” The Washington Quarterly,31( 3), Summer: 125-141.
Massimo Annati, “Non-Lethal Weapons: Their Application in the Maritime World.” Naval Forces. 27( 1), 45-53.
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Max Herriman (1997), "China’s Territorial Sea Law and International Law of the Sea," Maritime Studies, 92: 15-20.
Michael Richardson (2008, December 25). “China’s naval power ambition shapes up”. The Straits Times. Retrieved April 26, 2009, from <http://www.iseas.edU.S.g/viewpoint/mr25dec08.pdf>
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Mihir Roy (2002). Maritime Security in South West Asia. Institute for International Policy Studies. Retrieved April 30, 2009, from <http://www.iips.org/Roy-paper.pdf>
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RAND report (2005). RAND Corporation. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
中國大陸研究英語碩士學程(IMCS)
96925009
98 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096925009 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [中國大陸研究英語碩士學程(IMCS)] 學位論文
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