Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/52834
|
| Title: | 歐盟共同農業政策與WTO農業貿易規範之研究
The study on EU common agricultural policy and WTO agricultural trade regulation |
| Authors: | 黃奕綺
Huang, Yi Chi |
| Contributors: | 姜家雄
Chiang, Chia Hsiung
黃奕綺
Huang, Yi Chi |
| Keywords: | 歐盟
共同農業政策
世界貿易組織
農業貿易
補貼
European Union
Common Agricultural Policy
World Trade Organization
Agricultural Trade
Subsidy |
| Date: | 2007 |
| Issue Date: | 2012-04-17 09:29:39 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 農業是人類最基本的經濟活動。儘管隨著科技及社會的發達，農業在一國的總產值或就業人口所佔比例逐漸降低，然而在國際貿易的舞台上，農業貿易的重要性卻不減反增。世界貿易組織（World Trade Organization, 簡稱WTO）之杜哈發展議程（Doha Development Round, DDA）曾一度中止的原因即為各國之間對於農業貿易存在極大的分歧，尤其歐洲聯盟（European Union，簡稱歐盟） 的「共同農業政策」（Common Agricultural Policy,簡稱CAP）更是備受爭議。歐盟共同農業政策係指歐盟為其農業發展所實施包括農產品價格支持、最低保證收購價格、對歐盟境外產品實施關稅及配額等相關補貼制度。「共同農業政策」所以深具爭議，主要在於其對農業有補貼或境內支持政策造成對貿易不公與市場扭曲現象，尤其以農產品出口為大宗的發展中國家受害最深。因此，在多次談判回合中，歐盟共同農業政策常常為其他WTO會員國所詬病。在WTO逐漸成為各國無法忽視的規範力量，以及各國與歐盟的農產品貿易爭端層出不窮之下，歐盟行之有年的「共同農業政策」面臨重大調整。
Agriculture is the basic economic activities of human beings. Though the relative size of agricultural sector has been declining as the society and technology develop, the importance of agriculture in the international trade is still growing. The Doha Development Round of the World Trade Organization had once suspended because of agriculture negotiations, on which WTO member countries could not reach agreements. Among them, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union is the most controversial. The Common Agricultural Policy combines a direct subsidy payment for crops and land which may be cultivated with price support mechanisms, including guaranteed minimum prices, import tariffs and quotas on certain goods from outside the EU. The reason why CAP is so controversial is for its high amounts on agricultural subsidies and domestic support, which amount to unfair competition and market distortion. In this regards, CAP damaged the interests of agricultural exporting country, especial those developing countries. Thus CAP had always been criticized by other WTO members in the WTO agriculture negotiation. Since WTO has become the dominant regime of international trade, and there are more and more agricultural disputes arising between EU and other WTO members, EU has to undertake substantial reform on CAP. |
| Reference: | 一、中文部分
（一）專書
史伯婁（Joan Edelman Spero）。《國際政治經濟學》（The Politics of International Economic Relations），楊鈞池、賴碧姬、梁錦文、童振源等譯，朱雲漢、高朗校閱。台北：五南圖書出版公司，2001年。
李貴英，林彩瑜，黃立。《WTO國際貿易法論》，三版。台北：元照，2003年。
李朝賢，陳宗玄。《歐洲共同體共同農業政策對我國適用性之研究》，行政院國家科學委員會，1991年。
宋宏煦，《決策理論與跨國經貿—國際政治經濟理論概念探討》。台北：幼獅文化，1991年。
沈玄池，洪德欽主編。《歐洲聯盟：理論與政策》。台北：中央研究院歐美研究所，1998年。
洪德欽。《WTO法律與政策專題研究》。台北：學林，2002年。
孫中才。《世界農業發展與歐盟共同農業政策》。北京：法律出版社，2003年。
陳麗娟。《歐洲共同體貿易法》。台北：五南，1997。
張玉卿主編。《WTO新回合研究》。北京：中國商務出版社，2004年。
貿易政策論叢編輯委員會主編。《貿易政策論叢—第五期》。台北：中華民國全國工業總會貿易發展委員會，2006年。
經濟部國際貿易局。《關稅曁貿易總協定條文中英對照》。台北：經濟部國際貿易局，1989年。
經濟部國際貿易局。《烏拉圭回合多邊貿易談判協定—農業協定中英對照本》。台北：經濟部國際貿易局，2003年。
羅昌發。《國際貿易法》。台北：月旦出版社，1996年。
蘇科五。《規則與選擇—WTO框架下中國農業支持政策研究》。開封：河南大學出版社，2004年。
顏慶章。《揭開GAATT的面紗—全球貿易的秩序與趨勢》。台北：時代文化出版企業有限公司，1992年。
顏慶章，蔡英文。《國際經濟法規彙編上冊》。台北：五南圖書出版公司，1991年。
摩蘇 (Nicholas Moussis)，《歐盟手冊—前進歐洲》（Hand Book of European Union），王萬里譯。台北：中國生產力中心，1999年。
（二）期刊論文
王蕙萍、田仲林。〈歐美農業貿易補貼對世界農產品貿易的影響〉。《南京工程學院學報》，第6卷第3期，2006年9月，頁19-22。
王凱倫、張百放、張燕超。〈WTO框架下農業政策變化的比較〉。《經濟縱橫》
，2000年08期，頁56-59。
任紅妍、胡迎春。〈對國際市場的扭曲－透視歐盟共同農業政策改革方向及其影響〉。《WTO經濟導刊》，第3期，2003年4月，頁17-19。
宋海英。〈歐盟共同農業政策及其在新一輪WTO農業談判中的立場〉。《世界農業》，2004年第3期，頁4-26。
李忠。〈淺析歐盟共同農業政策改革〉。《歐洲》，2001年第4期，頁56-65。
李舟生。〈歐盟共同農業政策改革成效及其問題〉。《美歐月刊》，第10卷第2期，1995年2月，頁102-118。
李舟生。〈美國與歐聯在WTO新回合農業談判立場之簡析〉。《台灣經濟金融月刊》，第37卷第期，2001年7月，頁83-94。
李貴英。〈歐洲共同體對開發中國家之優惠待遇—法律規範與經濟發展〉。《歐美研究》，第4期，2004年12月，頁675-735。
李朝賢。〈因應知識經濟需求—建立永續發展之農村〉。《農政與農情》，第115期，2002年1月，頁62-66。
吳榮杰、賴朝煌，林欣穎。〈WTO杜哈回合農業談判關稅削減議題之進展與可能影響〉。《農業經濟半年刊》，第79期，2004年6月，頁1-28。
周淑景。〈歐洲共同體共同農業政策改革〉。《世界經濟》，1994年01期，頁49-54。
林國慶。〈有農業發展條例，還需要農業基本法嗎？〉。《農訓》，第202期，2006年12月，頁22-25。
祁歡。〈歐盟共同農業政策改革與WTO多哈回合談判〉。《北京工商大學學報》，第20卷3期，2005年5月。
洪德欽。〈歐聯、美國與世貿組織農產品貿易政策之綜合研究〉。《歐美研究》，第2期，1996年6月，頁33-91。
陳衛東。〈從國際法角度評歐共體對WTO爭端解決機制的政策與實踐〉。《法學評論》，第4期，2000年，頁3-17。
張淑賢。〈WTO杜哈回合農業談判進展〉。《農政與農情》，第141期，2004年3月，頁54-58。
黃立。〈歐體農業政策的法律分析〉。《政大法學評論》，第51期，1994年6 月，頁240-267。
程國強。〈WTO框架下的農業補貼結構與政策調整——對主要WTO成員國履行農業補貼承諾的分析〉。《中國農業科技導報》，第4卷，2002年1月，頁8-17。
袁澤政，永友。〈多哈回合談判全面中止及其影響分析〉。《對外經貿實務》，第9期，2006年，頁51-53。
經濟部國貿局。〈烏拉圭回合農業諮商與歐體共同農業政策之改革〉。《國際經貿情勢簡訊》，第五十四期，1993年11月，頁1-29。
劉明。〈洛美協定-南北經濟合作的一種模式〉。《世界經濟》， 1993年10月，頁37-42。
劉合光、程國強、蘇莉、李正波。〈多哈農業改革對發展中國家農業的影響—以歐美日加四國為例〉。《中國農村觀察》，2006年2月，頁24-32。
錢鈺。〈歐盟共同農業政策改革及其對WTO新一輪農業談判的影響〉。《中國農村經濟》，2004年02期，頁78-80。
蘇芳誼。〈歐盟與美國之農業貿易紛爭〉。《問題與研究》，第37卷第7期，1998年7月，頁15-30。
嚴岩。〈歐盟新農業政策對中國的啟示〉。《上海農村經濟》，第5期，2006年，頁38-41。
（三）碩博士學位論文
林育霆。〈GATT/WTO之變遷 : 國際建制建立與發展之分析〉。淡江大學國際事務與戰略研究所碩士論文，1997年。
李淑媛。〈WTO之規範對世界稻米貿易之影響」。中國文化大學經濟研究所碩士論文〉，2000年。
周旭華。〈歐洲共同體對外貿易關係的法律問題 : 以WTO協定相關問題為中心〉。政治大學法律研究所碩士論文，2001年。
吳秀蓮。〈歐洲共同體共同農業政策之運作與評估〉。淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文，1986年。
施如珮。〈農業貿易問題與烏拉圭回合農業談判之研究〉。政治大學國際貿易所碩士論文，1991年。
（四）網站
中華經濟研究院 台灣WTO中心
(https://www.wtocenter.org.tw/SmartKMS/do/www/listStaticHome)
中央通訊社
(http://www.cna.com.tw/)
中時電子報
(http://news.chinatimes.com/)
中國農業外經外貿信息網
(http://www.cafte.gov.cn/)
台大法律學院 WTO研究中心
(http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~wtocenter/main.htm)
自由電子報
(http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/)
行政院國際貿易局 WTO入口網
(http://cwto.trade.gov.tw/)
行政院農委會 WTO農業研究中心(http://www.arcwto.org.tw/default.asp?mode=news,newsid=206)
淡江大學歐盟資訊中心
(http://www.lib.tku.edu.tw/eudoc/libeu.htm)
歐洲聯盟研究論壇
(http://iir.nccu.edu.tw/eurf/activity/V_activity.asp?id=35)
國際經貿組織暨法律研究中心
(http://www.tradelaw.nccu.edu.tw/)
聯合新聞網
(http://udn.com/)
（四）網路資源
蘇怡文。〈杜哈談判暫停，窮國經濟蒙陰影〉，中華經濟研究院WTO中心，
〈https://www.wtocenter.org.tw/SmartKMS/www/Epaper/wtoepaper/WTO電子報第70期950928_t1.htm>
經濟部國際貿易局，《農業協定》中文全文，
<http://wwwdoc.trade.gov.tw/BOFT/web/report_detail.jsp?data_base_id=DB008,category_id=CAT643,report_id=1350>
鄭富霖，〈歐盟香蕉進口及配銷制度爭議案〉，中華經濟研究院（台灣WTO中心），
<http://www.wtocenter.org.tw/SmartKMS/do/www/readDoc?document_id=11509>
鄭富霖，〈厄瓜多、哥倫比亞續對歐盟香蕉配銷體制提出爭端解決案〉，中華經濟研究院（台灣WTO中心），
< http://www.wtocenter.org.tw/SmartKMS/do/www/readDoc?document_id=85052>
二、英文部分
（一）專書
Anderson, Kym, Will Martin. Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2005.
Cathie, John. European Food Aid Policy. Hants: Brookfield, 1997.
Buller, Henry, Geoff A. Wilson, Andreas Holl. Agri-Environmental Policy in the European Union. London: Ashgate, 2000.
European Commission Directorate General For Agriculture. The Common Agricultural Policy Explained. Brussels: Eugene Leguen de Lacroix, 2004.
European Commission. The Common Agricultural Policy – 1999 Review. Luxembourg: Office of Official Publications of the European Communities, 2000.
European Commission. The Common Agricultural Policy – 2000 Review. Luxembourg: Office of Official Publications of the European Communities, 2001.
European Commission. The Common Agricultural Policy – 2004 Review. Luxembourg: Office of Official Publications of the European Communities, 2006.
Fennell, Rosemary. The Common Agricultural Policy : Continuity and Change. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Folmer C., M.A. Keyzer, M.D. Merbis, H.J. J. Stolwijk, P.J.J. Veenendaal. The Common Agricultural Policy Beyond the MacSharry Reform. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 1995.
Gardner, Brian. European Agriculture, Policies, Production and Trade. London: Routledge, 1996.
Grant, Wyn. The Common Agricultural Policy. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997.
Ingersent, K. A., A. J. Rayner. Agricultural Policy in Western Europe and the United States. Cheltenham: Northampton, 1999.
Jackson, John Howard. The World Trading System: Law and Policy of International Economic Relations. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1997.
Paxton, John. The Developing Common Market. Boulder: Westview Press, 1976.
Perdikis, Nicholas, Read, Robert. The WTO and the Regulation of International Trade － Recent Trade Disputes Between the European Union and the United States. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2005.
Piccinini, Antonio. Agricultural Policies in Europe and the USA: Farmers between Subsidies and the Market. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
（二）期刊論文
Ackrill, Robert W. “CAP Reform 1999: A Crisis in the Making?” Journal of Common Market Studies 38 (June 2000): 343-353.
Alter, Karen J., Sophie Meunier. “Nested and Overlapping Regimes in the Transatlantic Banana Trade Dispute.” Journal of European Public Policy 13 (April 2006): 362-382.
Anania, Giovanni, Jean-Christophe Bureau. “The Negotiations on Agriculture in the Doha Development Agenda Round: Current Status and Future Prospects.” European Review of Agricultural Economics 32 (December 2005): 539-550.
Anderson, Kym, Lee Ann Jackson. “What’s behind GM Food Trade Disputes?” World Trade Review 4 (July 2005): 203-228.
Babarinde Olufem, Gerrit Faber. “From Lomé to Cotonou: Business as Usual?” European Foreign Affairs Review 9 (March 2004): 27-47.
Bereau Jean-Christophe, Jean Sébastien, Mathews Alan. “The Consequences of Agriculture Trade Liberalization for Developing Countries: Distinguishing between Genuine Benefits and False Hopes.” World Trade Review 5 (July 2006): 225-249.
Bessko, Zsolt K. “Going Bananas over EEC Prefrences? : A look at the Banana Trade War and the WTO’s Understand on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes.” Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law 28 (Spring 1996): 265-313.
Billiet, Stijn. “From GATT to the WTO: The Internal Struggle for External Competences in the EU.” Journal of Common Market Studies 44 (December 2006): 899-919.
Cardwell, Michael, Christopher Rodgers. “Reforming the WTO Legal Order for Agricultural Trade: Issues for European Rural Policy in the Doha Round.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 55 (October 2006): 805-838.
Coleman, William D. “From Protected Development to Market Liberalism: Paradigm Change in Agriculture.” Journal of European Public Policy 5 (December 1998): 632-651.
Coleman, William D., Stefan Tangemann. “The 1992 CAP Reform, the Uruguay Round and the Commission: Conceptualizing Linked Policy Games.” Journal of Common Market Studies 37 (September 1999): 385-405.
Daugbjerg, Carsten. “Reforming the CAP: Policy Networks and Broader Institutional Structures.” Journal of Common Market Studies 37 (September 1999): 407-428.
Daugbjerg, Carsten. “Policy Feedback and Paradigm Shift in EU Agricultural Policy: the Effects of the MacSharry Reform on Future Reform.” Journal of European Public Policy 10 (June 2003): 421-437.
Daugbjerg, Carsten, Alan Swinbank. “The CAP and EU Enlargement: Prospects for An Alternative Strategy to Avoid the Lock-In of CAP Suppourt.” Journal of Common Market Studies 42 (March 2004): 99-119.
Dijck, Pitou Van, Gerrit Faber. “How to Save the Doha Round: A European Perspective.” European Foreign Affairs Review 11 (Autumn 2006): 291-309.
Frieden, Jeffry A. “One Europe, One Vote? The Political Economy of European Union Representation in International Organizations.” European Union Politics 5:2 (2004): 261-276.
Guyomard,Herve, Catherine Laroche, Chantal Le Mouel. “An Economic Assessment of the Common Market Organization.” Agricultural Economics 20 (March 1999): 105-120.
Hennis, Marjoleine. “Europeanization and Globalization: The Missing Link.” Journal of Common Market Studies 39:5 (December 2001): 829-850.
Hennessy, David A. “The Production Effects of Agricultural Income Support Policies Under Uncertainty.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 80 (February 1998): 46-57.
Hobbs, Jill E, William A. Kerr. “The North American–European Union Dispute Over Beef Produced Using Growth Hormones: A Major Test for the New International Trade Regime.” The World Economy 25 (February 2002): 283-296.
Keeler, John T. S. “Agricultural Power in the European Community: Explaining the Fate of CAP and GATT Negotiations.” Comparative Politics 28 (January 1996): 127-149.
Kaeding, Michael, Mark Rhinard. “The International Bargaining Power of the European Union in “Mixed” Competence Negotiations: The Case of the 2000 Cartagena Protocol on Biodiversity.” Journal of Common Market Studies 44 (December 2006): 1023-1050.
Kol, Jacob, L. Alan Winters. “The EU after Cancun: Can the Leopard Change its Spots?” European Foreign Affairs Review 9 (March 2004): 1-25.
Konig, Thomas, Thomas Brauninger. “Accession and Reform of the European Union: A Game-Theoretical Analysis of Eastern Enlargement and the Constitutional Reform.” European Union Politics 5 (December 2004): 419-439.
Lamy, Pascal. “Europe and the Future Economic Governance.” Journal of Common Market Studies 42 (October 2003): 5-21.
Landau, Alice. “The Agricultural Negotiation in the WTO: The Same Old Story?” Journal of Common Market Studies 39 (December 2001): 913-925.
Maclaren, Donald. “The Role of the WTO in Achieving Equity and Efficiency in International Markets for Agricultural Products.” World Trade Review 4 (September 2005): 229-247.
Maclean, Lain. “Two Analytical Narratives about the History of the EU.” European Union Politics 4 (December 2003): 499-506.
Nedergaard, Peter. “The 2003 Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy: Against All Odds or Rational Explanations?” Journal of European Integration 28 (July 2006): 203-223.
O’Connor, Bernard. “A Note on the Need for More Clarity in the WTO Agreement on Agriculture.” Journal of World Trade 37 (October 2003): 839-846.
O’Neill, Maria. “Agriculture, the EC and the WTO: A Legal Critical Analysis of the Concepts of Sustainability and Multifunctionality.” Environmental Law Review 4:3 (2002): 144-155.
Potter, Clive , Mark Tilzey. “Agricultural Policy Discourses in the European Post-Fordist Transition: Neoliberalism, Neomercantilism and Multifunctionality.” Progress in Human Geography 29:4 (2005): 581-600.
Reid, Ian G. “Pressures for Change in the Common Agricultural Policy.” Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 44 (September 1985): 399-408.
Rude, James. “Under the Green Box: The WTO and Farm Subsidies.” Journal of World Trade 35 (October 2001): 1015-1033.
Sckokai, Paolo, Daniele Moro. “Modeling the Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy for Arable Crops Under Uncertainty.” American Agricultural Economics Association 88 (February 2006): 43-56.
Sutton, Paul. “The Banana Regime of the European Union, the Caribbean, and Latin America.” Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 39 (Summer 1997): 5-36.
Swinbank, Alan, Richard Tranter. “Decoupling EU Farm Support: Does the New Single Payment Scheme Fit within the Green Box?” Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy 6 (Winter 2005): 47-61.
Swinbank, Alan. “Developments in the Doha Round and WTO Dispute Settlement: Some Implications for EU Agricultural Policy.” European Review of Agricultural Economics 32 (December 2005): 551-561.
Thara, P. K. M. “Storm Signals: An Analysis of the Trade Policy Review of the European Communities.” The World Economy 29 (October 2006): 1301-1310.
Webber, Douglas. “High Midnight in Brussels: An Analysis of the September 1993 Council Meeting on the GATT Uruguay Round.” Journal of European Public Policy 5 (December 1998): 578-594.
Young, Alasdair R. “The Incidental Fortress: The Single European Market and World Trade.” Journal of Common Market Studies 42 (June 2004): 393-414.
（三）網站
Cairns Group
(http://www.cairnsgroup.org/)
Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS)
(http://www.ceps.be/Default.php)
European Commission
(http://ec.europa.eu/)
European Policy Centre (EPC)
(http://www.theepc.be/home.asp)
European Union
(http://europa.eu/)
European Union Studies Association (EUSA)
(http://www.eustudies.org/)
Official Website of G-20
(http://www.g20.org/)
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
(http://www.oecd.org/home/0,2605,en_2649_201185_1_1_1_1_1,00.html)
United States Department of Agriculture
(http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usdahome)
World Trade Organization
(http://www.wto.org/)
（四）網路資源
European Commission. “Council Regulation No. 216/2001.” 29 January 2001.
<http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32001R0216:EN:HTML>
European Commission. “CAP Reform: Rural Development.”
< http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/publi/fact/rurdev/en.pdf>
European Commission. “Single Payment Scheme – the Concept.”
< http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/capreform/infosheets/pay_en.pdf >
European Commission. “Cross-Compliance.”
<http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/capreform/infosheets/crocom_en.pdf>
European Commission. “Mid-Term Review of the Common Agricultural Policy.” February 2003.
<http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/publi/reports/mtrimpact/rep_en.pdf>
European Commission. “Modulation and Financial Disciplines.”
<http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/capreform/infosheets/modul_en.pdf>
European Commission. “CAP reform – A comparison of current situation, MTR communication (July 2002), Legal Proposals(January 2003) and Council compromise(June 2003).”
<http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/capreform/avap_en.pdf>
European Commission. “Proposal for a Council Regulation.” 21 January 2003
<http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/capreform/memo_en.pdf>
European Commission. “EU Agriculture and the WTO: Doha Development Agenda.” September 2003.
<http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/external/wto/backgrou/cancun_en.pdf>
European Commission. “Mid-Term Review of the Common Agricultural Policy COM(394).” 2002.
<http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2002/com2002_0394en01.pdf>
European Commission. “Horizontal Regulation, Council Regulation(EC) No. 1782/2003.” 2003.
<http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:270:0001:0069:EN:PDF>
European Commission. “EU Comprehensive Negotiating Proposal.” 5 February 2001.
<http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/external/wto/press/sprob_en.htm>
Fischer Boel. “Agriculture and Rural Development in the EU 25 － Looking Forward.” 20 January 2005.
<http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=SPEECH/05/25,format=HTML,aged=1,language=EN,guiLanguage=en>
Franz Fischler. “The WTO and Agriculture in East and West.” 23 January 1999.
<http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=SPEECH/99/14,format=PDF,aged=1,language=EN,guiLanguage=en>
G-20. “Ministerial Communique.” 9 September 2003.
<http://www.g-20.mre.gov.br/conteudo/19082005_Breviario.pdf>
World Trade Organization. “WTO World Trade Report focuses on Subsidies.” 24 July 2006.
<http://www.wto.org/English/res_e/booksp_e/anrep_e/world_trade_report06_e.pdf>
World Trade Organization. “Agreement on Agriculture.”
<http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/14-ag_01_e.htm>
World Trade Organization. “The WTO in Brief.”
< http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/inbrief_e/inbr00_e.htm>
World Trade Organization, “Ministerial Declaration.” 20 November 2001.
<http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/minist_e/min01_e/mindecl_e.htm>
World Trade Organization. “EC Comprehensive Negotiating Proposal.” <http://segate.sunet.se/cgi-bin/wa?A3=ind0102,L=ecodemics-iu,P=723653,E=2,B=------%3D_NextPart_000_6516_153f_7349,N=EUagrdec2000.pdf,T=application%2Fpdf>
World Trade Organization. “Tariff negotiation in agriculture: Reduction Methods.”
<http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/agric_e/agnegs_swissformula_e.htm>
World Trade Organization. ‘Talks Suspended.Today there are only losers.’ 24 July 2006.
<http://www.wto.org/english/news_e/news06_e/mod06_summary_24july_e.htm> |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
外交研究所
93253015
96 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093253015 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [外交學系] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 25301501.pdf | 864Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 4759 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
