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    Title: 利益衝突與信用評等: 信評維護的實證研究
    Conflicts of interest and credit ratings: evidence from rating maintenance
    Authors: 翁胤哲
    Weng, Yin Che
    Contributors: 周行一
    翁胤哲
    Weng, Yin Che
    Keywords: 信評機構
    信用評等
    利益衝突
    Credit Rating Agency
    Credit Rating
    Conflicts of Interest
    Date: 2012
    Issue Date: 2013-01-02 13:21:40 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: We study the effect of conflicts of interest on credit ratings and analyze the rating maintenance of credit rating agencies for various clienteles. By examining the rating-transition path, we found that rating agencies favor their valued clients by stepwise downgrades and full and timely upgrades. Favored clients could, therefore, save capital cost and possibly gain a larger investor base for their new issues. However, such rating behavior would undermine the rating quality and reputation of rating agencies in the long term.
    Our results provide evidence for the meager literature on rating-agency conflicts from the rating-maintenance perspective. Our findings also lend support to the growing literature that rating agencies do not provide quality services to investors when the regulation is indulgent or the competition within the rating industry is severe.
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    Altman, Edward, and Herbert Rijken, 2004, How Rating Agencies Achieve Rating Stability, Journal Banking and Finance, 28, 2679-2714.

    Amato and Furfine, 2004, Are Credit Ratings Procyclical? Journal Banking and Finance, 28, 2641-2677.

    Becker, Bo, and Todd Milbourn, 2011, How did increased competition affect credit ratings? Journal of Financial Economics, 101(3), 493-514.

    Boot, Arnoud, Todd Milbourn, and Anjolein Schmeits, 2006, Credit Ratings as Coordination Mechanisms, Review of Financial Studies, 19(1), 81-118.

    Bolton, Patrick, Xavier Freixas, and Joel Shapiro, 2012, The Credit Ratings Game, Journal of Finance, 67(1), 85-112.

    Bongaerts, Dion, Martijn Cremers, and William Goetzmann, 2011, Tiebreaker: Certification and multiple ratings, Journal of Finance, forthcoming

    Cai, Jie, Yixin Liu, Yiming Qian, 2009, Information Asymmetry and Corporate Governance, Working paper.

    Camanho, Nelson, Pragyan Deb, and Zijun Liu, 2012, Credit Rating and Competition, Working paper.

    Cantor, Richard, 2001, Moody’s Investors Service’s response to the consultative paper issued by the Basel Committee on Bank Supervision ‘A new capital adequacy framework,’ Journal of Banking and Finance, 25, 171-185.

    Chakravarty, Sugato, Chiraphol Chiyachantana, and Yen Teik Lee, 2009, On the Informativeness of Credit Watch Placements”, Working paper.

    Chan, Louis, Jason Karceski, and Josef Lakonishok J., 2007, Analysts Conflicts of Interests and Biases in Earnings Forecasts, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 42, 893-914.

    Cheng, Mei, and Monica Neamtiu, 2009, An Empirical Analysis of Changes in Credit Rating Properties: Timeliness, Accuracy and Volatility, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 47, 108-130.

    Coval, Joshua, Jakub Jurek, and Erik Stafford, 2008, “Re-Examining the Role of Rating Agencies: Lesson from Structured Finance,” Working paper.

    Covitz, Daniel, and Paul Harrison, 2003, Testing Conflicts of Interest at Bond Rating Agencies with Market Anticipation: Evidence that Reputation Incentives Dominate, FEDS Working paper.

    Diamond, Douglas, and Robert Verrecchia, 1991, Disclosure, Liquidity, and the Cost of Capital, Journal of Finance 46, 1325-1359.

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    Ferri, Giovanni, Li-Gang Liu, and Joseph Stiglitz, 1999, The Procyclical Role of Rating Agencies: Evidence from the East Asian Crisis, Economic Notes, 28, 335-355.

    Griffin, John, and Dragon Tang, 2012, Did Subjectivity Play a Role in CDO Credit Ratings? Journal of Finance, forthcoming.

    Hong, Harrison, and Jeferey Kubik, 2003, Analyzing the Analysts: Career Concerns and Biased Earnings Forecasts, Journal of Finance, 58, 313-351.

    Hunt, John, 2009, Credit Rating Agencies and the `Worldwide Credit Crisis`: The Limits of Reputation, the Insufficiency of Reform, and a Proposal for Improvement, Columbia Business Law Review, 2009(1), 109-209.

    Kliger, Doron and Oded Sarig, 2000, The Information Value of Bond Ratings, Journal of Finance, 55, 2879-2902.

    Kraft, Pepa, 2011, Do Rating Agencies Cater? Evidence from Rating-Based Contracts, Working paper, New York University.

    Lando and Skødeberg, 2002, Analyzing Rating Transitions and Rating Drift with Continuous Observations, Journal Banking and Finance, 26, 423–444.

    Langohr, Herwig, and Patricia Langohr, 2008, The Rating Agencies and their Credit Ratings. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

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    Löffler, Gunter, 2005, Avoiding the Rating Bounce: Why Rating Agencies are Slow to React to New Information, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 56, 365-381.

    MacDonald, Ben, 2006, Rating Change Timeliness across Rating Agencies, Working paper, New York University.

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    Purda, Lynnette, 2011, Assessing Credit or Determining Quantity? The Evolving Role of Rating Agencies, Journal of Applied Finance, 21(2), 20-37.

    Strother, T. Shawn and Samuel Tibbs, 2011, Ratio Scoring: An Application to Ratios Specified by Standard & Poor`s to Be Key Input to Determining Credit Ratings, Journal of Applied Finance, 21(2), 58-72.

    Tang, Tony, 2006, Information Asymmetry and Firms’ Credit Market Access: Evidence from Moody’s Credit Rating Format Refinement, Journal of Financial Economics, 93(2), 325-351.

    Thomas, Rawley, 2011, The Role (if any) of Rating Agencies after the Crisis, Journal of Applied Finance, 21(1), 149

    U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 2003, Report on the role and function of credit Rating Agencies in the operation of the securities market, As required by Section 702(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, January, 1-45.

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    Description: 博士
    國立政治大學
    財務管理研究所
    96357502
    101
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096357502
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of Finance] Theses

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