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    题名: 政黨的國會領導與凝聚力：2000年政黨輪替前後的觀察
    其它题名: Party Leadership and Cohesion in the Legislative Yuan: Before and after the First Party Turnover in the Executive Branch
    作者: 盛杏湲
    Sheng, Shing-Yuan
    贡献者: 政大政治系
    关键词: 政黨國會領導;政黨凝聚力;政黨輪替;政黨對立
    party leadership;party cohesion;party turnover;inter-party conflict
    日期: 2008-12
    上传时间: 2013-06-21 10:32:43 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究旨在探討我國主要政黨在立法院的領導與立委的政黨凝聚力，觀察的時間點放在2000年首次政黨輪替前後的1996年至2008年。本文旨在建構理論以廣泛地探索政黨得以領導立法的原因，政黨所使用的策略，以及產生的效果。本研究採用兩種分析方法，一方面透過深入訪談方法訪問立委（包括黨團幹部與一般立委），藉此瞭解政黨領導人所使用的策略，以及立委之所以願意遵從政黨領導的理由。另一方面透過分析立委記名表決，以瞭解政黨凝聚力（亦即政黨領導的效果）跨不同時間點、不同政黨對立程度、不同的投票類型，與不同議題的狀況。本研究的主要論點在於：首先，政黨輪替後政黨之所以表現出相當的凝聚力，是因爲強烈的政黨對立，致使敵對政黨的獲勝將危害到立委自己的政治生命，因此同黨立委感受到他們是政治生命共同體，所以有團結的強烈動機。然而，本研究也強調政黨之所以可以成功地領導立法，也是因爲政黨領袖瞭解立委的需要，同時也會去滿足這些需要，也因此，政黨雖然在某些立法與決策上相當堅持，但在某些立法與決策上則提供立委相當的自由空間，以使立委得以回應其選區不同的利益。
    The purpose of this research is to examine the party leadership and party cohesion in the Legislative Yuan, focusing on the period of time from 1996 to 2008, before and after the first party turnover in the executive branch in 2000. I try to elaborate a theory to explain party leadership, including why a party can lead its legislators, what strategies it takes, and what results the leadership brings. Two major methods are used in this research. One method is conducting intensive interviews with party leaders and rank-and-file legislators to learn the party leaders` strategies and individual legislators` motivations to follow the party line. The other is an analysis of roll call votes, which enable comparisons of party cohesion across different time periods, different degrees of inter-party conflict, different categories of votes, and different issue areas. I argue that party cohesion strengthened after the party turnover due to the intense inter-party conflict. In this context, the possibility of the other party`s victory posed a greater threat to many individual legislators` political lives, more closely linking their fates to that of their parties and strongly motivating them to be cohesive. However, successful party leadership also depends on the party leaders knowing and satisfying the needs and desires of their party`s rank-and-file legislators. Therefore, party leaders have to strike a balance between insisting on some items of legislation and leaving space for the rank and file to respond to the needs of their constituents.
    關聯: 臺灣民主季刊, 5(4), 1-46
    数据类型: article
    显示于类别:[政治學系] 期刊論文

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