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| Title: | 退出、呼籲、忠誠： 中國城市基層選舉參與的效能與行動
Exit, voice, and loyalty: how grassroots elections reshape urban Chinese citizens` political efficacy and political actions |
| Authors: | 蔡儀儂
Tsai, Yi Nung |
| Contributors: | 陳陸輝
Chen, Lu huei
蔡儀儂
Tsai, Yi Nung |
| Keywords: | 政治參與
基層選舉
中國政治
政治功效意識
政治行動
political participation
grassroots elections
Chinese politics
political efficacy
political actions |
| Date: | 2010 |
| Issue Date: | 2013-09-03 16:30:45 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 對於比較政治領域，威權政體的「選舉」開放，是否真的會使公民出現自主性參與，一直是學界極為關注的命題。檢視當前中國城市基層選舉，可以發現，參與帶動的「有限政治改革」，其效果仍難以預料。因此，本研究主要探討，轉型中政權選舉的制度效應，會對選民個體的「政治功效意識」與政治行動帶來何種影響。我們並嘗試從政治功效意識的研究範疇，提出「防禦性」與「認同性」兩種概念分類，「防禦性」功效意識是由於選民的維權心態激發的投票參與意願，「認同性」效能感是由選舉動員浮現的群體認同投票意識。我們假設，個體同時經歷過「認同性」與「防禦性」兩種功效意識的形塑過程，但又受到個人的「政權支持」程度影響，不可能出現兩種功效意識同時上升的情形。而個別心態傾向會影響後續的政治行動，會有「退出」、「呼籲」、「忠誠」三種行動抉擇。「退出」是不再進場參與投票，「呼籲」走向過激的政治反抗，「忠誠」則是向黨國輸誠。
針對上述假定，本研究以上海2006、2009年兩次居委會換屆選舉為研究個案。根據作者田野調查發現，經過選後，防禦性功效意意識較高的選民，最終採取「抗議」的政治行動；認同性功效意識較高的選民，雖部分仍表態黨國「忠誠」，但多數參與者卻由於選舉過程無法滿足，浮現「失望」，呈現參與「退出」的情況。因此，「『高認同性』功效意識選民退出－『高防禦性』功效意識選民呼籲」，構成了社區基層選舉存在著普遍的「集體行動困境」，但值得注意的是，這種選舉失望走向從「退出」的行動選擇，卻也可能最終又走回「呼籲」的過激行動。就此觀之，中國的基層民主發展，或許會是面臨集體行動困境之後，走向突發轉折的非預期性後果。 |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
東亞研究所
97260012
99 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097260012 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [東亞研究所] 學位論文
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