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    題名: 上海社區治理的形塑
    其他題名: The Formation of Community Governance in Shanghai
    作者: 林文一
    Lin, Wen-I
    關鍵詞: 社區;治理技術;第三條路線;都市治理;賦權
    community;technology of governance;the third way;urban governance;empowerment
    日期: 2010-08
    上傳時間: 2016-05-03 16:31:52 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 在全球化的年代，動員社區力量來進行所謂第三條路線治理的觀念，已在建立全球城市的過程中被廣為使用。但目前的研究卻甚少檢視上述的這些觀念如何在不同的地域、社會、政治體制中被形塑與實踐，並對特殊城市的治理造成何種影響。在上海，過去的研究過度關注於經濟與都市的發展，但卻忽略解釋其為何可以在追求新自由主義市場及資本主義式的發展中，仍可以在地方上及社會中，保持其共產黨的統治地位、權力及政治的合法性。筆者認為，在重構上海的地方治理中，社區適時地護衛了國家的共產主義體制，它扮演著重新提供社會福利、復甦共產主義傳統道德與政治忠誠、維持社會穩定的角色。它被建立成為一種政府機制，用以解決在建立全球城市過程中的地方危機及後遺症，而遠超過於單純致力鄰里的復興。基於田野研究中所顯現出的特色，並透過Foucault治理性學派關於社區及第三條路線治理的啟發，筆者闡述國家操弄之不同治理技術，以貫徹其治理的紀律及社區政策。經由以上討論，筆者企圖將上海的特殊案例經驗連結到關於第三條路線治理、國家在社區復興背後隱藏的操控等理論與觀察。
    In the process of building a globalising city, the concepts of community activation and the Third Way governance have become ever more pervasive within the age of globalisation. However research has been slow to explore the diverse ways in which the above concepts are shaped by place-based, social, institutional, and political processes and what impacts these have on the socio-spatial governance of cities, particularly when related to themes of governance and community. Indeed, much previous research has focused on illustrating Shanghai’s economic and urban redevelopment, but is inadequate in explaining why Shanghai has been able to both pursue neoliberialist market and capitalist development, while also maintaining the Communist ruling position, sovereignty and political legitimacy socially and locally. I argue, in the reconstruction of Shanghai’s local governance, ‘community’ has become a safeguard of China’s Communist state, re-providing social welfare, reviving traditional morality and loyalty of Communism, maintaining a stable society. It is built as a governmental mechanism for managing local crises and side-effects within the process of pursuing a world city status, rather than simply serving as a local strategy of neighbourhood renewal. Based upon the characteristics shown by my empirical findings I have deployed Foucaudian studies of community governmentality and the Third Way governance, to illustrate different kinds of governing technologies that the state employs to exert discipline and exercise its community agenda in the process of globalising Shanghai. My intention is to expand my discussion of the specific case studies to more general observations about Third Way governance and state’s invisible control behind its policies of reviving community.
    關聯: 中國行政, 82,23-50
    Chinese journal of administration
    資料類型: article
    顯示於類別:[中國行政] 期刊論文

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