| Abstract: | 關鍵基礎設施是維持都市運作的基本要素，例如捷運、高鐵、台鐵等大眾運輸系統，不僅要求提供足夠的服務量能，更對其服務品質提升日益重視，而這些運具之運輸場站節點有單一運送功能或是複合式多目標使用，提供旅客轉乘、候車、消費、空間疏散避難等功能。當都市重要節點發生災害時，如颱洪、地震、火災害、恐怖攻擊等災害，可能會嚴重影響到都市的安全和經濟發展及損失，尤其災時應變與災後恢復，更是需要投入大量資源及進行調適。使得這些設施節點內外部空間的安全防護、風險評估、調適策略議題漸趨重要。另一方面，交通設施防救災資訊與管制的作為必定會限制民眾使用設施的便利性，因此也需要社會的溝通與及早因應，故「風險溝通」也是另一個重要課題。因此本研究主要目的在於探討臺灣都會區城鄉密集發展地帶與重要交通設施節點，面臨氣候變遷與不同災害衝擊，探討旅客風險溝通機制中各項重要因素與調適行為的關係，以及設施脆弱度與安全性等課題。本研究第一年探討關鍵基礎設施防護、風險溝通、脆弱度等文獻，以及訪談車站營運者有關面臨地震、颱洪災、人為火災、恐怖攻擊下的災害認知、溝通管道、緊急應變等議題，初擬都會區大眾運輸場站之關鍵基礎設施旅客調適行為之災害風險溝通架構；第二年將以臺北都會區大眾運輸場站為交通關鍵設施案例，實證旅客於不同類型或功能車站空間時之風險溝通與影響調適行為，及對設施安全程度調查，並建立旅客應變措施決策模型，最後依據實證成果研提交通設施災害風險溝通策略之改善建議，協助旅客及營運者採取適當的調適行為，以提升防護力降低設施脆弱度，作為都市因應不同社經災害下之關鍵基礎設施防護與防救災體系應變機制之調適策略規劃的參考。
Critical infrastructure is an essential element of the operation of the city, such as rapid transit, high-speed railway, railway and other mass transit systems must not only provide adequate service and focus on service quality improvement. These transportation station node has a single function or multi-target use, offers a ride, waiting, consumption, disaster prevention and other functions. When the city an important node in disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, fire disasters, terrorist attacks and other disasters, could seriously affect the city's security, economic losses. In particular, emergency response and disaster recovery disaster, it is the need to invest a lot of resources and adaptation. Therefore, urban facilities node space security, risk assessment, adaptation strategies is becoming an important issue. This study analyzes the impact of climate change and different disasters for vulnerability characteristics, risk communication, adaptation and mitigation strategies of urban compact area and critical node. In order to achieve disaster prevention, mitigation purposes, understand the local natural environment, social and economic environment, and station infrastructure characteristics, in order to assess the vulnerability of the local environment correctly. The purpose of first year was to explore related vulnerability theory, as well as Taiwan's disaster prevention and rescue system, vulnerability assessment framework and other literature review .This research regards the traffic facilities as the critical infrastructure, and chooses stations, including railroads, high-speed railroads, and MRT, and so on as destinations to dicussing about natural disasters（ such as typhoons, earthquakes, and floods） artificial disasters（ such as fire and terrifying attacks） and the disaster protection measures. By collecting domestic and foreign hazard protection literatures, the study have establish public transport nodes risk communication , coping behavior and vulnerability assessment framework. In the second year, this study select the Taipei metropolitan area, as public transportation station empirical vulnerability assessments. Based on empirical results, the study recommend different disaster scenarios and stations of contingency measures, and long-term adaptation strategies. Through this kind of research as well as others in different disasters, we will provide some principles and strategies for future disaster planning and urban node management policies. |
