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| 題名: | 自動駕駛感知技術之專利佈局：以 Toyota Motor Corporation 為個案
Patent Portfolio Analysis of Perception Technologies in Autonomous Driving: A Case Study of Toyota Motor Corporation |
| 作者: | 陳鎂萱
Chen, Mei-Shiuan |
| 貢獻者: | 陳秉訓
Chen, Ping-Hsun
陳鎂萱
Chen, Mei-Shiuan |
| 關鍵詞: | 自動駕駛
感知技術
感測器
專利佈局
專利分析
Toyota
Autonomous Driving
Perception Technologies
Patent Portfolio Analysis
Toyota |
| 日期: | 2025 |
| 上傳時間: | 2025-08-04 13:34:12 (UTC+8) |
| 摘要: | 近十年來，人工智慧與車聯網技術逐漸蓬勃發展，使自動駕駛從實驗室走向商用。其中，負責「看見」周遭環境的感知技術（Perception Technology）更被視為整體自動駕駛技術的重要基石，因此成為各大車廠與科技公司必爭的關鍵技術。
Toyota Motor Corporation （下簡稱 Toyota）在2015年時創立了Toyota Research Institute，積極研發自動駕駛技術，陸續開發出 Toyota Safety Sense與具備L3等級的Advanced Drive兩款自動駕駛輔助系統搭載於自家車款上，以達到Mobility Teammate的願景。
本研究以Toyota作為研究對象，利用專利資料來了解Toyota在自動駕駛感知技術的專利佈局、研發重點與競爭優勢。本研究以「自動駕駛」、「感測器」與「感知技術應用」等關鍵字為核心，利用世界智慧財產權組織（World Intellectual Property Organization, 簡稱WIPO）的專利檢索系統Patentscope與The Lens兩大資料庫，對2015年到2024年的美國專利資料進行檢索。最後以各種分析方法包括生產力分析、IPC分類號分析、CPC分類號分析、專利影響力與專利技術分析等指標，進行歸納與統整，了解不論是Toyota還是整體產業在感知技術中的專利佈局、發展技術領域與方向。
研究顯示，首先從生產力趨勢分析而言，Toyota在2015年到2020年專利申請數量快速成長，接著成長趨勢逐漸趨緩，並於2024年申請數大幅下降，搭配技術消長圖顯示其技術在市場上達到成熟期階段。
接著就技術面向而言，Toyota前15大IPC分類中以G05D 1/00（位置或方向的控制系統）最多，其次為 G06K 9/00（圖像識別）與 B60W 60/00（車輛控制策略）；CPC分類方面件數最高者為 G06V 20/56／20/58（交通目標辨識）與 B60W 2420/403（車輛光學鏡頭應用）。Toyota的專利橫跨多種IPC與CPC分類，從控制方法、感測器、影像辨識與處理等功能皆有多件專利。
至於專利影響力方面，以專利被引用數作為主要分析指標，Toyota的被引用總數在汽車製造商中是很有競爭力的，而從Toyota被引用數最高的前三個專利內容可知，主要涉及道路的環境感知與理解等呼應TSS系統「車道維持輔助」與「車道偏移警示」等基礎技術。
Over the past ten years, progress in AI and V2X has moved autonomous vehicles from the lab to real products. Among these technologies, perception—the part that lets a car “see” its surroundings—is viewed as the key foundation of the whole autonomous driving system. For this reason, it has become a major battlefield in the automotive industry and even technology companies.
Toyota Motor Corporation (Toyota for short) set up the Toyota Research Institute in 2015 and has pushed hard on autonomous driving research ever since. It has rolled out two driver-assist systems on its cars: Toyota Safety Sense and the Level 3 Advanced Drive, both meant to support the company’s “Mobility Teammate” vision.
The research uses patents to understand Toyota’s work in perception technology, its patent map, main R&D focus, and advantages. By building keyword searches around “autonomous driving,” “Sensors,” and “perception technology” in the WIPO Patentscope and The Lens databases, targeting U.S. patents filed from 2015 to 2024. Then summarized the data with several methods, including productivity analysis, IPC and CPC class analysis, patent impact, and technical content review, to see how both Toyota and the whole industry lay out their perception patents and which technical areas they favor.
Findings in this research:
Productivity. Toyota’s patent grew fast from 2015 to 2020, then slowed, and dropped sharply in 2024. Combined with a life-cycle chart, this shows Toyota’s perception technology has reached a mature stage in the market.
Technical focus. In Toyota’s top fifteen IPC, G05D 1/00 (navigation and automatic control) ranks on the top, followed by G06K 9/00 (image recognition) and B60W 60/00 (vehicle control strategy). For CPC, the most common classes are G06V 20/56 & 20/58 (traffic-object recognition) and B60W 2420/403 (vehicle Camera use). This section shows Toyota’s patents spread across control methods, Sensors, and image processing.
Patent impact. Using forward citations to measure the influence. Toyota’s total citations are strong in the automotive industry. The three most-cited Toyota patents all deal with sensing and understanding the road scene—core know-how behind TSS’s features such as lane-keeping assist and lane-departure warning. |
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| 描述: | 碩士
國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
112364214 |
| 資料來源: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112364214 |
| 資料類型: | thesis |
| 顯示於類別: | [科技管理與智慧財產研究所] 學位論文
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