Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/159096
|
| Title: | 境外外包與企業環境績效
Offshore Outsourcing on Firm Environmental Performance |
| Authors: | 張家華
Chang, Chia-Hua |
| Contributors: | 李曉惠
Lee, Hsiao-Hui
張家華
Chang, Chia-Hua |
| Keywords: | 境外外包
環境風險
外溢效應
企業自選擇效應
offshore outsourcing
environmental risk
spillover effects
firm self-selection effects |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-09-01 15:05:20 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本研究探討境外外包 (offshore outsourcing) 對企業環境績效的影響，特別聚焦於環境風險的地理性外溢效應，以及環境管理能力在此過程中的調節作用。本研究以美國公司為例，採用普通最小平方法迴歸模型分析2007年至2021年期間美國企業的境外外包與環境事件數據，其中包含3,164間獨立企業，共計27,744筆企業-年度觀察值。實證結果顯示，境外外包對境內環境風險的影響相對有限，而對境外環境風險具有顯著正向影響，證實環境風險外溢效應的存在。企業進行境外外包後，美國境內環境事件整體變化有限，而境外環境風險呈現顯著且持續增長，反映整體環境足跡的擴大。關於企業環境管理能力的調節效應，環境管理能力較弱，也就是環境爭議較多的企業，其境外外包活動對各地區環境風險的負面影響都更為顯著。這說明觀察到的環境風險增加現象主要反映企業特質差異，環境管理能力不足的企業在擴展境外營運時，無法有效控制環境風險的擴散。因此，本研究結果確立了環境風險外溢效應的存在，並揭示企業環境管理能力異質性的關鍵作用。
This research examines the impact of offshore outsourcing on corporate environmental performance, particularly focusing on geographic spillover effects of environmental risks and the moderating role of environmental management capabilities. Using US company data from 2007-2021 (3,164 firms, 27,744 firm-year observations), we employ OLS regression models to analyze the relationship between offshore outsourcing and environmental incidents. Our results show that offshore outsourcing has limited impact on domestic environmental risks but significantly increases offshore environmental risks, confirming environmental risk spillover effects. Firms with weaker environmental management capabilities experience more pronounced negative environmental impacts from offshore outsourcing across all regions. This suggests the observed environmental risk increases primarily reflect firm-specific characteristics, as companies with inadequate environmental management cannot effectively control risk diffusion when expanding offshore operations. The findings establish the existence of environmental risk spillover effects and highlight the critical role of heterogeneous environmental management capabilities. |
| Reference: | Aron, R., Bandyopadhyay, S., Jayanty, S., & Pathak, P. (2008). Monitoring process quality in off-shore outsourcing: A model and findings from multi-country survey. Journal of Operations Management, 26(2), 303-321.
Berry, H., Kaul, A., & Lee, N. (2021). Follow the smoke: The pollution haven effect on global sourcing. Strategic Management Journal, 42(13), 2420-2450.
Chava, S. (2014). Environmental externalities and cost of capital. Management Science, 60(9), 2223-2247.
Chen, L., & Hu, B. (2017). Is reshoring better than offshoring? The effect of offshore supply dependence. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 19(2), 166-184.
Christmann, P., & Taylor, G. (2001). Globalization and the environment: Determinants of firm self-regulation in China. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(3), 439–458.
Dimson, E., Karakaş, O., & Li, X. (2015). Active ownership. The Review of Financial Studies, 28(12), 3225-3268.
Doh, J. P., Bunyaratavej, K., & Hahn, E. D. (2009). Separable but not equal: The location determinants of discrete services offshoring activities. Journal of International Business Studies, 40, 926-943.
Flammer, C. (2013). Corporate social responsibility and shareholder reaction: The environmental awareness of investors. Academy of Management Journal, 56(3), 758-781.
Guchhait, R., & Sarkar, B. (2024). A decision-making problem for product outsourcing with flexible production under a global supply chain management. International Journal of Production Economics, 272, 109230.
Hart, S. L. (1995). A natural-resource-based view of the firm. Academy of Management Review, 20(4), 986-1014.
Hettige, H., Lucas, R., & Wheeler, D. (1992). The toxic intensity of industrial production: Global patterns, trends, and trade policy. American Economic Review, 82(2), 478–481.
Hoberg, G., & Moon, S. K. (2017). Hoberg-Moon offshoring data. Retrieved from https://faculty.marshall.usc.edu/Gerard-Hoberg/HobergMoonDataSite/index.html (擷取日期：2024 年 10 月 24 日).
Hoberg, G., & Moon, S. K. (2019). The offshoring return premium. Management Science, 65(6), 2876-2899.
Hung, T. M., Contractor, F., & Lo, Y. J. (2022). Manage the value and liability of offshoring innovation. International Business Review, 31(2), 101923.
Kedia, B. L., & Mukherjee, D. (2009). Understanding offshoring: A research framework based on disintegration, location and externalization advantages. Journal of World Business, 44(3), 250-261.
Keller, W., & Levinson, A. (2002). Pollution abatement costs and foreign direct investment inflows to US states. Review of Economics and Statistics, 84(4), 691–703.
King, A., & Lenox, M. (2002). Exploring the locus of profitable pollution reduction. Management Science, 48(2), 289-299.
Levinson, A. (2023). Are developed countries outsourcing pollution? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 37(3), 87-110.
Levinson, A., & Taylor, M. S. (2008). Unmasking the pollution haven effect. International Economic Review, 49(1), 223-254.
Lewin, A. Y., Massini, S., & Peeters, C. (2009). Why are companies offshoring innovation? The emerging global race for talent. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(6), 901-925.
Li, X., & Zhou, Y. M. (2017). Offshoring pollution while offshoring production?. Strategic Management Journal, 38(11), 2310-2329.
Madsen, P. M. (2009). Does corporate investment drive a "race to the bottom" in environmental protection? A reexamination of the effect of environmental regulation on investment. Academy of Management Journal, 52(6), 1297–1318.
Matsumura, E. M., Prakash, R., & Vera-Muñoz, S. C. (2014). Firm-value effects of carbon emissions and carbon disclosures. The Accounting Review, 89(2), 695-724.
Millimet, D. L., & Roy, J. (2016). Empirical tests of the pollution haven hypothesis when environmental regulation is endogenous. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 31(4), 652–677.
Mohiuddin, M., Al-Azad, M. S., & Su, Z. (2025). From Efficiency to Growth Strategy Along the Global Value Chains: How Does Offshore Outsourcing Develop Dynamic Capabilities and Sustainable Competitive Advantage?. Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM), 33(1), 1-26.
Mol, M. J., & Lee, S. H. (2024). What produces corporate social irresponsibility in offshore outsourcing? The effects of interorganizational relationship governance and institutional distance. Journal of International Business Studies, 55(4), 512-534.
Mukherjee, D., Kumar, S., Pandey, N., & Lahiri, S. (2023). Is offshoring dead? A multidisciplinary review and future directions. Journal of International Management, 29(3), 101017.
Rosenbusch, N., Gusenbauer, M., Hatak, I., Fink, M., & Meyer, K. E. (2019). Innovation offshoring, institutional context and innovation performance: A meta‐analysis. Journal of Management Studies, 56(1), 203-233.
Rugman, A. M., & Verbeke, A. (1998). Corporate strategies and environmental regulations: An organizing framework. Strategic Management Journal, 19(4), 363–375.
Russo, M. V., & Fouts, P. A. (1997). A resource-based perspective on corporate environmental performance and profitability. Academy of Management Journal, 40(3), 534-559.
Sharma, S., & Vredenburg, H. (1998). Proactive corporate environmental strategy and the development of competitively valuable organizational capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 19(8), 729-753.
Sharfman, M. P., & Fernando, C. S. (2008). Environmental risk management and the cost of capital. Strategic Management Journal, 29(6), 569-592.
Tanaka, S., Teshima, K., & Verhoogen, E. (2022). North-South displacement effects of environmental regulation: The case of battery recycling. American Economic Review: Insights, 4(3), 271-288.
Tomiura, E. (2007). Foreign outsourcing, exporting, and FDI: A productivity comparison at the firm level. Journal of International Economics, 72(1), 113-127. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊管理學系
112356033 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0112356033 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [資訊管理學系] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Description |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 603301.pdf | | 1947Kb | Adobe PDF | 0 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
