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| Title: | 僑生留台意願及有關政策之研究
The study of overseas Chinese students’ willingness to stay in Taiwan and related policies |
| Authors: | 吳佳恩
Wu, Chia-En |
| Contributors: | 劉梅君
吳佳恩
Wu, Chia-En |
| Keywords: | 僑生留台意願
僑生就業政策
留才久用方案
評點制
Overseas Chinese students’ willingness to stay in Taiwan
Employment policy for overseas Chinese students
Long-term retention of skilled foreign workers program
Points system for foreign and overseas Chinese students to work in Taiwan |
| Date: | 2024 |
| Issue Date: | 2024-07-01 12:36:58 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 自我國正式成立僑務委員會起，對僑民教育及經濟事務投入大量資源，吸引了許多僑生來台就學、就業，並培養出眾多專業人才。然而，近年來我國面臨勞動力流失的挑戰，尤其在少子化和高齡化問題下，勞動力供應逐漸短缺。《中華民國人口推估（2022至2070年）報告》預測，我國將於2028年結束人口紅利時期，勞動力供應將急劇下降，因此政府需要採取措施吸引外籍勞動力及留住本國畢業的專業人才。
過去，我國移民政策偏向短期工作，導致訓練好的專業人才流失。然而，在全球化趨勢下，許多國家紛紛推出吸引外籍勞動力的政策，而我國的移民政策則顯得不夠吸引力。雖然在2018年提出了「新經濟移民法草案」，但因未獲立法院通過而作罷。目前，政府將焦點轉向吸引僑外生及留住移工，推出相應的政策。其中「移工留才久用方案」針對已來台工作的外籍移工及取得我國學位的僑外生提供中階技術人才留用機會，此舉旨在減緩勞動市場衝擊，同時兼顧本國勞工權益。此外，僑生具有較高的就業穩定性及留台意願，成為留台的重要群體。
本研究將目前在我國就學中且即將畢業的僑生作為研究對象，以人口遷移理論作為開端，探討僑生在即將進入職場之階段，有何因素將會影響其留台工作意願，並以「移工留才久用方案」與原有之評點制及各國就業政策比較，從中發現我國現行制度之缺點，以做為未來修正、優化我國移民政策的依據。
Since the establishment of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission (OCAC) under the "Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission Organization Act," our country has allocated significant resources towards the education and economic affairs of overseas Chinese. This initiative aimed to attract overseas Chinese students to study and work in Taiwan, resulting in the cultivation of numerous skilled professionals. However, in recent years, Taiwan has faced challenges in labor force retention, exacerbated by a
declining birth rate and an aging population. According to the "Republic of China Population Projection (2022-2070)" report, Taiwan is expected to end its population dividend period by 2028, leading to a sharp decrease in the labor force supply.
Consequently, the government needs to adopt measures to attract foreign labor and retain local talent. Historically, Taiwan's immigration policies have favored shortterm employment, resulting in a brain drain of trained professionals. However, amidst the global trend of globalization, many countries have introduced attractive immigration policies to lure foreign labor, highlighting the inadequacy of Taiwan's immigration policies. Although the "New Economic Immigration Act" was proposed in 2018, it failed to pass the legislature.
Currently, the government has shifted its focus to attracting overseas Chinese students and retaining migrant workers by implementing relevant policies. The " Long-term
retention of skilled foreign workers program" targets foreign workers already in Taiwan and overseas Chinese students with degrees, offering opportunities for skilled
professionals to stay. This approach aims to mitigate the impact on the labor market while safeguarding the rights of local workers. Additionally, overseas Chinese students demonstrate higher job stability and willingness to stay in Taiwan, making them a vital group for retention. Strengthening the employment willingness of overseas Chinese students is crucial to addressing Taiwan's current labor shortage and yielding long-term benefits.
This study focuses on overseas Chinese students currently studying in Taiwan and about to graduate. Drawing on theories of population migration, it aims to explore the factors influencing their willingness to work in Taiwan as they transition into the workforce. By comparing Taiwan's existing policies, including the " Long-term retention of skilled foreign workers program," with the Points System and
employment policies of other countries, the study seeks to identify shortcomings in Taiwan's current system. This analysis will serve as a basis for future revisions and
optimizations of Taiwan's immigration policies. |
| Reference: | 一、中文文獻
1. 國發會 編（2022），中華民國人口推估（2022至2070年）報告。
2. 吳志揚、黃士銘、葉耕榕 （2010）。 提升僑生人才留臺服務之策略性研究（OCAC-SD-099-001）。僑務委員會。
3. 林良榮、蕭嫚琳（2019）。日本外國人勞動力政策與「特定技能制度」之建構：以2018年〈入管法〉之修正為中心。勞動及職業安全衛生研究季刊，27（2）。
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6. 柯雨瑞、陳瓊玉 （2022年11月30日）。我國延攬與聘僱外籍中階專業技術人力機制之現況、困境與回應對策。2022年移民事務與國境管理學術研討會，桃園市，臺灣。
7. 洪子琪（2011）。僑生大學生活適應輔導之初探。學校行政，（73），145-156。https://doi.org/10.6423/HHHC.201105.0145
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10. 陳政宇 （2023）。 中階移民留台工作意願──以越南留台生為研究對象［未出版之碩士論文］。 國立暨南國際大學東南亞學系。
11. 馮南方 （2014）。 影響外籍研究生畢業後留在台灣工作意圖之因素研究［未出版之碩士論文］。 中國文化大學國際貿易學系。
12. 劉品佑 （2007）。外國學生的生活適應與生涯發展- 以清華大學和交通大學的攻讀學位外國學生為例［未出版之碩士論文］。國立清華大學科技管理研究所。
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12. Raziq, A.、Maulabakhsh, R.(2015). Impact of working environment on job satisfaction. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 717-725. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
勞工研究所
111262004 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111262004 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [勞工研究所] 學位論文
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