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    題名: 歷史制度論觀點的墨西哥農村再生與觀光：「魔幻農村計畫」
    A Historical Institutionalism Perspective on Rural Regeneration and Tourism in Mexico: “Pueblos Mágicos”
    作者: 徐胤承;楊名豪
    Hsu, Yin-Cheng;Yang, Ming-Hao
    貢獻者: 問題與研究
    關鍵詞: 歷史制度論;觀光政策;墨西哥;農村再生;地方創生
    Historical Institutionalism;Tourism Policy;Mexico;Rural Rejuvenation;Regional Revitalization
    日期: 2025-06
    上傳時間: 2025-07-14 09:32:09 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本文擬以「歷史制度論」嘗試回答以下的研究課題：「墨西哥的觀光導向農村再生模式為何形成？其中又有何特殊之處？」繼則闡述：就行動者來說，由於該國政府在歷史進程上長期以國家之力主導旅遊業，並爭取全方位地提升旅遊吸引力，包括從無到有，打造類似阿卡普爾科（西班牙文：Acapulco）與坎昆（西班牙文：Cancún）經驗的新興城市，故能在全球觀光體系內，扮演著旅遊舞臺的鋪設者角色，進而廣受世人矚目，無形之中致使所謂「路徑依賴」（path dependence）於焉產生。嗣再迎來接受新自由主義（neoliberalism）思潮洗禮以降的結構改變，使該國雖賡續仰賴以旅遊充做解決城鄉差距問題的攻略手段，但嘗試依循去中心化治理模式，進一步形成新的觀光政策。此後該國農村功能逐漸朝向多樣化演化，除不再單純具生產糧食作用外，反倒將重點置放於提供北美國家的入境觀光平臺，而且持續維持後者穩定成長的動機，甚至大於針對前者的需求。最後，歷經國家主導旅遊產業發展，以及新自由主義去中心化觀光政策磨合的墨西哥，造就了獨樹一格的「魔幻農村計畫」（西班牙文：pueblosmágicos），可謂其來有自。
    This paper employs a historical institutionalism framework to address the research question: What accounts for the formation of Mexico’s tourismoriented rural revitalization model, and what are its distinctive features? It then seeks to elucidate the following points: the Mexican government has historically taken a state-led approach to tourism development, striving to enhance the country’s appeal as a global destination in a comprehensive manner. This has included the creation of entirely new cities, such as Acapulco and Cancún, as flagship examples of successful tourist hubs. By fulfilling the role of stage-setter within the global tourism system, Mexico has garnered significant international attention, inadvertently fostering a form of “path dependence.” Subsequent to the advent of neoliberalism, the country continued to rely on tourism as a strategic tool to address urban-rural disparities. However, it also began experimenting with decentralized governance models, gradually shaping a new approach to tourism policy. Over time, rural areas in Mexico evolved toward functional diversification, transitioning from a focus solely on food production to prioritizing their role as platforms for inbound tourism, particularly for visitors from North America. Ultimately, the interplay between the state-led development of the tourism industry and the adoption of neoliberal, decentralized policies gave rise to Mexico’s unique “Pueblos Mágicos” program.
    關聯: 問題與研究, 64(2), 97-151
    資料類型: article
    DOI 連結: https://doi.org/10.30390/ISC.202506_64(2).0003
    DOI: 10.30390/ISC.202506_64(2).0003
    顯示於類別:[問題與研究 TSSCI] 期刊論文

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