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| Title: | 我國外送平台工作對於女性勞動參與之影響
The Impact of Food Delivery Platform Work on Women's Labor Force Participation in Taiwan |
| Authors: | 蔡顏如
Tsai, Yan-Ru |
| Contributors: | 劉梅君
Liu, Mei-Chun
蔡顏如
Tsai, Yan-Ru |
| Keywords: | 平台經濟
外送平台工作
女性勞動參與
工作彈性
性別角色
Platform Economy
Delivery Platform Work
Female Labor Participation
Work Flexibility
Gender Roles |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-09-01 15:49:16 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 伴隨人工智慧、大數據與雲端運算等科技發展，平台經濟迅速擴張，推動產業創新與服務化轉型，並對勞動市場之傳統工作型態與就業結構帶來挑戰。當前我國對於平台經濟之研究多聚焦於平台外送員與平台間之法律關係界定，惟在我國女性總體勞動參與率相對偏低之背景下，外送平台工作是否能成為促進女性勞動參與之可能解方，亦為一值得關注之議題。
本研究聚焦平台女性外送員面臨之契機與挑戰，並嘗試提出政策與平台制度建議。研究初步透過文獻分析，梳理我國女性勞動參與之現況及就業困境，進而探討平台經濟之制度特徵及對於勞動市場結構之影響，特別關注其對女性勞動者形成之優勢與劣勢。而後採取質性訪談方式，鎖定數名平台女性外送員及外送平台工作相關工會代表，藉由分析受訪者對外送平台制度與勞動環境之觀察與實務經驗，作為制度面探討平台女性外送員處境與改善方向之基礎。
研究結果發現，外送平台工作之高程度包容性對於促進女性勞動參與確有所助益，並一定程度可降低傳統勞動市場中性別歧視、同工不同酬及性騷擾等結構性問題；其工作時間彈性特徵則使承擔照顧責任之女性得以緩解工作與家庭衝突，亦可作為賺取額外收入之理想管道；而人際網絡之建立及移動自由性更係女性持續投入外送平台工作之重要因素。
然而，外送平台工作因其戶外型體力勞動特徵使性別進入障礙仍然存在，性別歧視並在性別認證、客戶檢舉及績效制度等影響下加以強化；性騷擾防治效果亦在送餐、獎金及客戶檢舉制度下打折；工作與家庭平衡則反映兩性照顧責任之結構性落差，可能再現傳統性別角色分工，並在平台派單、排班及獎金制度下展現難以維持穩定接單與收入表現之脆弱性。基此，本文呼籲應從制度面加強勞動保障與性別平等政策，並推動外送平台之企業責任實踐，以打造對女性勞動者更為友善且具永續性之勞動環境。
With the advancement of technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing, the platform economy has rapidly expanded, driving industrial innovation and service-oriented transformation while challenging traditional employment patterns and job structures. In Taiwan, existing research on the platform economy largely focuses on the legal relationships between delivery workers and platforms. However, in the context of Taiwan’s relatively low female labor force participation rate, whether platform-based delivery work could serve as a potential means to promote women’s labor participation warrants further attention.
This study investigates the opportunities and challenges faced by female platform delivery workers and aims to propose policy and institutional recommendations. Through literature review, the research first analyzes the current status of women’s labor participation and employment barriers in Taiwan, and explores the development and institutional characteristics of the platform economy and its impact on labor market structures, particularly its advantages and disadvantages for female workers. Subsequently, qualitative interviews were conducted with several female delivery workers and representatives from labor unions associated with delivery platforms. These interviews provide practical insights into working conditions and platform mechanisms, serving as the basis for institutional analysis and improvement suggestions.
The findings indicate that the high degree of inclusivity in delivery platform work contributes to enhancing women’s labor participation. Platform mechanisms may help reduce structural issues in the traditional labor market, such as gender discrimination, unequal pay, and sexual harassment. The flexible nature of this work allows women with caregiving responsibilities to better balance work and family, and offers a viable channel for earning additional income. Moreover, the development of social networks and freedom of mobility are key factors supporting women’s continued engagement in delivery platform work.
Nevertheless, the outdoor and physically demanding nature of delivery platform work poses gender-specific barriers to entry. Gender discrimination may be reinforced through gender verification processes, customer reporting systems, and performance evaluation mechanisms. Sexual harassment prevention is also weakened under current delivery rules, incentive schemes, and customer feedback mechanisms. The struggle to balance work and family reflects persistent structural inequalities in caregiving responsibilities, potentially reproducing traditional gender roles. Furthermore, platform-based assignment, scheduling systems and bonus systems may lead to unstable order volumes and income vulnerability.
This study calls for institutional reforms to strengthen labor protections and gender equality policies, as well as the promotion of corporate social responsibility among platform enterprises, in order to create a more female-friendly and sustainable working environment. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
勞工研究所
108262017 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108262017 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [勞工研究所] 學位論文
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