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    政大機構典藏 > 商學院 > 企業管理學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/48855
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/48855


    Title: 代工範疇變化主動程度之研究-以台灣國際代工廠商為例
    Authors: 許文宗
    Contributors: 于卓民
    司徒達賢

    許文宗
    Date: 2002
    Issue Date: 2010-12-08 01:51:51 (UTC+8)
    Abstract:   由於台灣市場太小、資源不足、以及廠商本身規模與技術不夠,長久以來大多數的台灣廠商便以國際代工的方式,換取所需的市場、資源與技術。而在國際市場上,由於通訊技術之進步、市場之開放,一些知名品牌商有大者恆大之趨勢,使得這些品牌商有較多的談判力量,進而影響代工廠商成長機會與空間及代工範疇變化主動性。
      過去在研究廠商能力與範疇變化,大多由資源基礎或交易成本之觀點,認為廠商可以自主選擇其發展空間與事業範疇。然而,在代工情境中,為了避免與主要客戶產生策略上衝突,代工廠商之範疇變化須考慮主要客戶之動向與意願。而這種非自主性的代工範疇變化模式,便是本研究主要探討的焦點。因此,本研究主要研究目的有以下幾點:(1)主要客戶對廠商代工範疇變化產生何種影響?(2)哪些因素影響廠商代工範疇變化主動程度?(3)廠商在擴大不同的代工範疇時,所需具備的能力是否有差異?
      主要客戶對代工廠商範疇變化之影響,過去在相關文獻中並不多見,因此,本研究乃結合個案與一般統計分析,期能對相關主題有更深入之瞭解。在個案研究上,本文選擇了五家具代表性的代工廠商,探討主要客戶對其代工範疇之影響。接著利用問卷方式,取得140份新增代工活動之樣本作為分析基礎。
      透過個案與實證結果發現,主要客戶經營範疇之深度與廣度,相對影響代工廠商成長機會與空間,而許多廠商代工範疇變化是跟隨著主要客戶之發展。從個案之整理,本研究歸納出六種不同的代工範疇變化方式:(1)代工廠商驅動、(2)主要客戶驅動、(3)雙方相互調整方式、(4)現有領域深化、(5)主要客戶抽回、以及(6)廠商能力衰退而喪失,此六種方式是台灣代工廠商代工範疇變化可能之方式。
      其次,在影響代工範疇變化主動程度之因素上,從文獻與個案之分析整理,本研究推導出七個影響代工範疇變化主動程度之變數,在代工廠商因素上,包括:代工廠商整體能力、追隨客戶傾向及資源關連性;在合作情境上,包括:策略目標相容性、社會資本與資源依賴等三大變數;而在產業因素上則有同業的競爭程度。經過實證分析之結果,最後支持了前面五個假設。包括:當代工廠商整體能力越強、追隨客戶傾向越高、新活動資源關連性越大,雙方社會資本及策略目標相容性越高的情況下,代工廠商會較有可能以主動的方式跨入新代工活動。
      最後,代工廠商經營範疇試著往價值活動上游或下游發展時,所需具備的能力也有明顯差異。往上游(研發與製造)發展在研發與財務能力上必須較強、往下游(全球運籌與售後服務)發展,則除了研發與財務能力外,尚須具備採購、製造與國際化等較多元的能力。此一結果意謂著,隨著近年來全球之競爭,廠商競爭優勢之基礎不能僅靠單一能力,而須培養多元且動態之能力。其次,過去研究認為,代工廠商朝研發與銷售活動發展是兩種不同的模式,不過從本研究發現,代工廠商欲進入銷售活動時,必須有研發與製造能力(上游活動優勢)為基礎。亦即,在代工合作情境中,往上游或往下游發展不是截然不同的模式,而是有階段性。
      本研究最主要的論點,認為台灣代工廠商在資源與能力相對較不足,須透過代工合作方式,與主要客戶建立緊密合作關係,換取相關資源。因此,在客觀的代工環境限制下,代工廠商之成長與範疇演變,有很多是跟隨主要客戶之成長而調整。因此,在分析代工廠商之策略行為時,外部網絡中主要客戶之動向,將影響著代工廠商之策略行動與資源佈局。
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    Description: 博士
    國立政治大學
    企業管理研究所
    87355505
    91
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2010000110
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[企業管理學系] 學位論文

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