Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/119201
|
| Title: | 《艾瑪》中的驚訝
Surprise in Emma |
| Authors: | 曾慧昀
Tseng, Hui-Yun |
| Contributors: | 吳易道
Wu, Yih-Dau
曾慧昀
Tseng, Hui-Yun |
| Keywords: | 珍‧奧斯汀
《艾瑪》
驚訝
禮儀
階級衝突
日常生活
敘述
Jane Austen
Emma
Surprise
Manners
Class conflict
The everyday
Narration |
| Date: | 2018 |
| Issue Date: | 2018-08-06 18:09:31 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 乍看之下，《艾瑪》中的驚訝不是一個值得深入研究的題目，因為驚訝是一個廣泛運用於各類文學的表現手法，它會在《艾瑪》中出現實在不足為奇。此外，與同時期的志異小說相比，《艾瑪》並未以聳動、誇大的手法描寫令人驚訝的事件，而是描繪一個祥和、有秩序的英國社會。正因如此，多數學者認為其主要議題並非驚訝，而是十九世紀初英國仕紳的禮儀及日常生活。
此二因素造成《艾瑪》中的驚訝長期缺乏討論與研究，然而，筆者認為《艾瑪》中的驚訝蘊藏著許多重要訊息，值得吾人細心探索。透過克里斯多佛‧米勒的書—Surprise: The Poetics of the Unexpected from Milton to Austen (2015) 可知，作家在文學作品中對驚訝的描述能夠反映他們獨特的文學表現手法及價值觀。因此，筆者認為驚訝不應只被視為一個常見的文學手法或是無意義的反射動作，透過分析《艾瑪》中的驚訝，讀者能更清楚地明白角色的性格、情緒以及階級衝突。另外，驚訝能幫助我們更了解奧斯汀對禮儀和日常生活的看法。
本文旨在探討驚訝在《艾瑪》中的價值。首先，筆者檢視驚訝如何體現於角色的肢體反應。當角色們受到驚嚇時，他們的肢體反射並非毫無意義，而是反映其社會階級意識及道德觀。奧斯汀透過描寫角色們的肢體反應，說明了無禮的行為正是引發驚訝的一大原因。其次，筆者檢視奧斯汀如何描寫小說中的突發事故及意外。奧斯汀選擇不用聳動、誇大的文字來渲染這些事件所造成的驚嚇。相反地，她用客觀、冷靜的文字敘述，而這樣獨特的敘述手法說明了奧斯汀對維持日常生活平和的堅持。最後，筆者將探討奧斯汀對驚訝的看法。雖然在《艾瑪》中，奧斯汀透過客觀和冷靜的文字來降低意外所造成的驚嚇，但透過描述艾瑪的父親—伍德豪斯先生對驚訝的恐懼和反抗，可知實際上奧斯汀認為驚訝是一個滲透日常生活、無所不在且無法避免的情緒。
Emma is commonly believed to be a novel that has nothing to do with surprise. Surprise, however extraordinary it may seem, is actually a common literary device frequently used by authors in various literary genres. Given its near-universal presence in literary works, surprise does not present itself readily as a useful lens through which we can analyze a novel critically. Hence few Austen scholars notice its significance in Emma. Surprise in Emma fails to garner scholarly attention also because it is not represented in a noticeably sensational fashion as in the gothic novels that Austen was familiar with. While gothic novels are famous for their depiction of surprising events, Emma is known for its delicate portrayal of a serene and orderly English society. On the face of it, daily life and manners in the early 19th century England become two major concerns in this novel. Compared to these two dominant concerns, surprise appears at best a peripheral, at worst an irrelevant, issue.
However, I find surprising events everywhere in the world of Emma. Having read the rich discussion of the issue of surprise in Christopher R. Miller’s recent book, Surprise: The Poetics of the Unexpected from Milton to Austen (2015), I observe the possibility to discuss Emma in a new light. Surprise, far from being merely a common literary device or a brainless reflex, is a significant emotion that leads us to scenes of true emotion, self-revelation and class conflicts in the novel. What is more, I claim that surprise helps us better understand two of Austen’s major concerns—manners and the everyday.
This dissertation aims to explore the value of surprise in Emma. First, I examine how the characters’ bodily responses toward surprise reveal their social and moral attitudes. Moreover, their surprises are closely related to behavior that Austen deems as flawed or bad manners. Second, I draw on several potentially sensational incidents in the novel to show how Austen deliberately deflates the disruptive power of surprise in her narration. Her calm and matter-of-fact depiction of surprising scenes reveals her allegiance to the everyday. Finally, though Austen appears determined to deflate surprise in her narration, I observe that, by illustrating Mr. Woodhouse’s unceasing fear of surprise, she actually recognizes surprise’s ubiquitous presence in everyday life. |
| Reference: | Austen, Jane. Emma. Edited George Justice, 4th ed.,
London: A Norton Critical Edition, 2012.
---. Northanger Abbey. Edited Barbara M. Benedict and
Deirdre Le Faye, New York: Cambridge University
Press, 2006.
---. Pride and Prejudice. Edited R.W. Chapman, New York:
Oxford University Press, 1987.
Brissenden, R. F. Virtue in Distress: Studies in the
Novel of Sentiment from Richardson to Sade. London:
Macmillan, 1974.
Brown, Marshall. “Emma’s Depression.” Studies in
Romanticism. 53.1 (Spring 2014): 3-29.
Blanchot, Maurice. “Everyday Speech.” Yale French Studies
73 (1987): 12-20.
“break.” OED.com. Oxford English Dictionary, 2018. Web.
27 June 2018.
Galperin, William H. The History of Missed Opportunities:
British Romanticism and the Emergence of the
Everyday. California: Stanford UP, 2017.
Gilbert, Sandra M. and Susan Gubar. The Madwoman in the
Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century
Literary Imagination. New Haven: Yale UP, 2000.
Hume, David. “Of Miracles.” An Inquiry Concerning Human
Understanding. Edited Charles W. Hendel, New York:
Bobbs-Merrill, 1955. 124.
Hyman, Gwen. Making a Man: Gentlemanly Appetites in the
Nineteenth-Century British Novel. USA: Ohio UP,
2009.
Hong, Mary. “A Great Talker upon Little Matters:
Trivializing the Everyday in ‘Emma’.” NOVEL: A
Forum on Fiction. 38.2/3 (Spring-Summer 2005): 235-
253.
König, Eva. The Orphan in Eighteenth-Century Fiction: the
Vicissitudes of the Eighteenth-century Subject.
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.
Lane, Maggie. Jane Austen’s World: The Life and Times of
England’s Most Popular Author. London: Calton
Books, 1996.
Lee, Michael P. “The Nothing in the Novel: Jane Austen
and the Food Plot.” NOVEL: A Forum of Fiction. 45.3
(Fall 2012): 368-88.
Lewis, Matthew. The Monk. Ed. Howard Anderson. Oxford:
Oxford UP, 2008.
Miller, Christopher R. Surprise: The Poetics of the
Unexpected from Milton to Austen. New York: Cornell
UP, 2015.
Morris, Pam. “Emma: A Prospect of England.” Jane Austen,
Virginia Woolf and Worldly Realism. London:
Edinburgh UP, 2017. 83-106.
Mudrick, Marvin. Jane Austen: Irony as Defense and
Discovery. New York: U of California P, 1954.
Murray, James Gregory. “Measures and Balance in Jane
Austen’s Emma.” College English. 16.3 (Winter
1954): 160-166.
Nardin, Jane. Those Elegant Decorums: the Concept of
Propriety in Jane Austen`s Novels. Albany: State U
of New York P, 1973
O’Farrell, Mary Ann. Telling Complexions: The Nineteenth-
Century English Novel and the Blush. Durham and
London: Duke UP, 1997.
Price, Martin. “Manners, Morals and Jane Austen.”
Nineteenth-Century Fiction. Vol. 30, No. 3 (Dec
1975): 261-280.
Pinch, Adela. “Introduction.” Emma. Edited Adela Pinch,
New York: Oxford UP, 2003. vii-xxix.
Peterman, Anthony Joseph. “Jane Austen and the Critical
Novel of Manners.” MA thesis. Loyola U Chicago,
1940. JSTOR. Web. 6 April 2018.
Poovey, Mary. The Proper Lady and the Woman Writer:
Ideology as Style in the Works of Mary
Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley and Jane Austen.
Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1984.
“prosaic.” OED.com. Oxford English Dictionary, 2018. Web.
5 March 2018.
Radcliffe, Ann. The Mysteries of Udolpho. Ed. Bonamy
Dobrée. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1998.
---. The Romance of the Forest. Ed. Chloe Chard. Oxford:
Oxford UP, 1986.
“repetition.” OED.com. Oxford English Dictionary, 2018.
Web. 6 April 2018.
Southam, B. C, ed. Jane Austen: The Critical Heritage.
Vol. 1. London: Routledge, 1995.
Smith, Adam. “The History of Astronomy.” Essays on
Philosophical Subjects.” Edited W.P.D Wightman,
J.C. Bryce, and I.S.Ross. Oxford UP, 1980. 3.
Scheuermann, Mona. Reading Jane Austen. New York:
Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
Stewart, Maaja A. “The Fools in Austen’s Emma.” Nineteen-
Century Literature. 41.1 (Summer 1986): 72-86.
Spacks, Patricia Meyer. Boredom: The Literary History of
a State of Mind. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1995.
Wiltshire, John. Jane Austen and the Body. New York:
Cambridge UP, 1992. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學系
104551005 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1045510052 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| DOI: | 10.6814/THE.NCCU.ENG.006.2018.A09 |
| Appears in Collections: | [英國語文學系] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 005201.pdf | 907Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 259 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
