Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/97124
|
| Title: | 長期心理治療創造新人際關係經驗之研究：從心理師觀點
A study of how to create a new interpersonal relationships experience during long-term psychotherapy：From counselors viewpoint |
| Authors: | 黃筱涵
Huang, Hsiao Han |
| Contributors: | 陳婉真
Chen, Wan Chen
黃筱涵
Huang, Hsiao Han |
| Keywords: | 長期心理治療
人際關係
他人表徵
Long-term psychotherapy
Interpersonal relationships
Other-representation |
| Date: | 2016 |
| Issue Date: | 2016-06-01 13:57:37 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 人際經驗是個體發展他人形象與環境評估的關鍵因素。大部分尋求長期心理治療的個案，其困擾多與過去負面的人際經驗所帶來的關係議題有關。若個體在成長過程經常遭受拒絕，會發展出「世界不能控制、別人不可預測、不可信任」的他人觀點。因此，本研究旨在探討長期心理治療歷程個案他人表徵的差異，以及心理師如何協助個案改變原有的他人表徵，並創造新的人際關係經驗。
本研究以質性研究方式進行，總共以六位長期心理治療取向為主的資深心理師作為研究對象，以一對一的方式，與每位受訪者進行一次深度訪談。訪談內容著重探討個案他人表徵的改變，以及個案過去的重要他人形象如何重現在治療關係中；並深入了解長期心理治療關係對於個案發展新的人際關係經驗之影響。本研究透過現象學方式進行訪談資料的分析，呈現長期深度心理治療對改變個案人際關係經驗之成效。本研究結果發現如下：
一、他人表徵
治療前的他人表徵是模糊、沒有彈性、單一、負面的，因而無法辨認心理師真實的形象。經過長期心理治療，個案對他人形象的詮釋逐漸清晰、具體、有彈性、且納入更多正向的觀點。
二、長期心理治療歷程
先個案會將自己慣用的人際互動帶入與心理師的治療關係中。接著個案感受到心理師溫暖、支持的回應。由於治療關係不同於過去的人際經驗，使個案重新經驗穩定、安全的人際關係，進而開始辨認並建立新的他人形象。最後個案將學到的新人際互動方式帶到其他關係中，發展更適應的人際關係。
三、心理師的角色與功能
為了建立穩固的治療同盟，心理師需維持穩定的態度、提供溫暖支持的環境、尊重個案的自主性。同時心理師也可幫助個案覺察、理解自身的狀態，建立更彈性的想法、協助個案願意信任心理師及冒險。
Interpersonal experience is the key factor for people to develop other- representation and to evaluate the environment. Most issues of long-term psychotherapy clients’ come from past negative experiences about interpersonal relationship. If people were frequently rejected by others as they grew, it is much easier for them to develop the viewpoints of other that the world is uncontrollable, and that people are unpredictable and untrustworthy. Hence, the main purpose of this research was to explore the difference of other-representation during the long-term psychotherapy period, and how counselors help the clients to change their old other-representation, in order to create new interpersonal relationship experience.
This study used semi-structured interviews to collect data from 6 counselors who primarily conducted long-term psychotherapy for clients. Each psychologist was interviewed once, one by one. All interviews lasted for about one and half hour. The contents of the interviews focused on the change of other-representation, the reappearance of clients’ important interpersonal patterns in counseling relationships, and the influences of long-term counseling relationships on clients’ developing new interpersonal relationship experience. After data collection, verbatim transcription of each interviews were analyzed in a phenomenological approach. The study aims to obtain the effectiveness of long-term psychotherapy on the change of clients’ interpersonal relationship experience.
The main findings of this study were as follows:
1. Other-representation
The other-representation is indistinct, inflexible, single, and negative before long-term psychotherapy begins, and clients have difficulties to recognize the real image of counselor. After long-term psychotherapy, clients are able to interpret the image of others in a more distinct, specific and flexible way, and to include some positive view points in their other-representation.
2. Long-term psychotherapy process
First, clients bring their habitual interpersonal interactive mode into counseling relationships. Second, they receive kind and supportive response from the counselor. Because of counseling relationship is different from their past interpersonal experience, clients re-experience a stable and, secure interpersonal relationship and start to recognize and establish a new image of other people. Third, clients learn new interpersonal interactive skill, and develop more suitable interpersonal relationship .
3. The role and function of a counselor
In order to establish stable working alliance, counselors should keep stable attitude, provide a holding environment, and respect the autonomy of clients. At the same time, counselors also help clients to comprehend their predicament, expand their cognition with elasticity, and trust counselors. |
| Reference: | 中文參考文獻
王文科、王志弘（2010）。教育研究法。台北：五南。
王仲匡（2003）。大學新生依附關係與生活適應之相關研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立暨南國際大學，南投縣。
王金石、朱翠瑾（2002）。反應性依附疾患青少年之客體關係重建與治療師的個人內在衝突處理。諮商與輔導，201，2-7。
田秀蘭（2000）。紮根理論在諮商心理學研究中的應用。輔導季刊，36(4)，35-40。
林麗華（2002）。俱人際困擾護專學生依附內在運作模式之分析研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立高雄師範大學，高雄市。
林家興、王麗文（2003）。諮商與心理治療進階：心理分析取向的實務指南。臺北：心理。
林耀盛（2011）。科學、人文與實務之間：析論臨床心理學的訓練和發展。中華心理衛生學刊，24(2)，279-310。
吳麗娟、蔡秀玲、杜淑芬、方格正、陳品惠（譯）（2012）。人際歷程取向治療：整合模式（原作者：E. Teyber & F. H. McClure）。臺北市：雙葉。（原著出版年：2011）
吳麗雲（2002a）。人際歷程取向團體諮商（上）以不安全依附類型大學生人際困擾輔導為例。諮商與輔導，198，29-33。
吳麗雲（2002b）。人際歷程取向團體諮商（下）以不安全依附類型大學生人際困擾輔導為例。諮商與輔導，199，40-44。
吳芝儀、李奉儒（譯）（1995）。質的評鑑與研究（原作者：M. Q . Patton）。台北: 桂冠。（原著出版年：1995）。
易之新（譯）（2002）。疾病的希望-身心整合的療癒力量（原作者：D. Rüdiger）。台北市：心靈工坊。（原著出版年：1983）。
李文瑄（1999）。當代客體關係理論：回顧與省思。台灣精神醫學，13(1)，3-13。
李美蘭（2006）。一位新手心理師的成長與蛻變-從人際歷程心理治療的學習談起。輔導季刊 42(2)，51-57。
李維倫（譯）（2004）。現象學十四講（原作者：R. Sokolowski）。台北: 心靈工坊。（原著出版年：1999）
李維倫、賴憶嫺（2009）。現象學方法論：存在行動的投入。中華輔導與諮商學報，25，275-321。
李翠煌 （2012）。幼兒依附關係影響其人際關係能力之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立嘉義大學，嘉義市。
洪雅琴（2012）。長期心理治療中的意識流動。諮商與輔導，315，59-6。
胡幼慧（2008）。質性研究-理論、方法及本土女性研究實例。高雄市：巨流。
徐宗國（譯）（2005）。質性研究概論（原作者：A. Strauss & J. Corbin）。高雄市：巨流。（原著出版年：1990）。
高淑清（2008）。質性研究的18 堂課:首航初探之旅。高雄市：麗文。
唐子俊、蔡瑞修、王慧瑛、黃詩殷、林家興（2006）。憂鬱症合併重複自我傷害行為青少年的人際心理治療：正向改變及有效治療因子分析。中華心理衛生學刊，19(3)，279-304。
涂妙如（2004）。幼兒的氣質，嬰幼兒期照顧方式與親子依戀之相關研究（未出版之博士論文）。國立台灣師範大學，台北市。
華重增、竇剛、王金良（譯）（2010）。心理學質性資料的分析（原作者：E. Lyons & A. Coyle）。重慶市：重慶大學。（原著出版年：2007）。
莊瑞飛（2002）。原生家庭與其他重要他人經驗對女性婚姻恐懼者之影響研究-以客體關係理論分析詮釋（未出版之博士論文）。國立台灣師範大學，台北市。
連延嘉（2000）。人際歷程治療在人際困擾個案諮商上的應用。測驗與輔導，152，3168-3170。
張芬芬（2010）。質性資料分析的五步驟：在抽象階梯上爬升。初等教育學刊，35，87-120。
張銓（2014）。共依附伴侶的互動型態發展之對偶研究：心理動力取向（未出版之碩士論文）。國立彰化師範大學，彰化縣。
張春興（1994）。教育心理學。臺北市:東華。
陳均姝、陳登義、施欣欣（2006）。一位門診病人參與團體心理治療之療效因子與改變過程研究-以人際與心理動力取向團體心理治療為例。輔導與諮商學 報，28(1)，1-28。
陳向明（2002）。社會科學質的研究。臺北市：五南。
陳金定（2009）。移情現象之驗證：運動選手親子依附與教練－選手關係之因果模式探討。教育心理學報，40(3)，363-384。
陳金定、劉焜輝（2003）。青少年依附行為與情緒調適能力之因果模式初探。教育心理學報，35(1)，39-58。
陳婉真（2013）。關係取向心理諮商之歷程分析。教育與心理研究，36(3)，29-55。
陳婉真（2015）。關係取向心理諮商的架構：理論與實務。台北：張老師文化。
陳婉真、黃筱涵（2012年10月）。關係取向深度諮商中心創造正向人際經驗之分析。「第51屆台灣心理學年會」發表之論文，亞洲大學。
陳婉真、蔡依玲、黃惠惠、吳國慶（2014）。關係理論取向諮商中個案因應內在依賴衝突之分析。教育心理學報，46(1)，141-163。
陳李綢、蔡順良（2009）。中學生人際關係量表。台北：心理出版社。
葉光輝、鄭欣佩、楊永瑞（2005）。母親的後設情緒理念對國小子女依附傾向的影響。中華心理學刊，47(2)，181-195。
黃鈴淯（2009）。高雄市國中生的父母教養方式、依附類型與其解釋風格之相關研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立高雄師範大學，高雄市。
楊添圍、周仁宇譯（1999）。人我之間：客體關係理論與實務（原作者：N. G. Hamilton,）。台北：心理出版社。（原著出版年：1996）。
楊鎧宇（2010）。治療關係學習對人際關係的影響與省思之敘說研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立暨南大學，南投縣。
楊長苓（2000）。質性研究工作方系列：訪談法（1）。婦女與兩性研究通訊，56，2-7。
趙祥和、陳秉華（1998）。諮商中的抗拒研究。教育心理學報，30(1)，149-168。
蔡明芳（2012）。一位實習心理師的自我解讀與諮商經驗的省思―以人際歷程心理治療為例。諮商與輔導，315，23-25。
蔡淑慧（2005）。不同社交地位之大學生孤立感、依附關係、人際行為之相關研究（未出版之碩士論文）。私立中國文化大學，台北市。
蔡順良（1990）。從內在運作模式看青少年的「自我」與「他人」的人格建構發展，載於瞿立鶴（主編）（1991），青少年人格建構（160-187頁）。人格建構工程學研究基金會出版。
謝佩玲、楊大和（譯）（1998）。客體關係理論與心理劇（原作者：P. Holmes）。台北：張老師文化。（原著出版年：1992）
潘淑滿（2003）。質性研究－理論與應用。臺北市：心理出版社。
劉淑慧、田秀蘭、陳淑琦、張勻銘、黃莉惟、廖書糸堇、陳慧甄（譯）（2009）。諮商研究法（原作者： P. P. Heppner, B. E. Wampold, & D. M. Kivlighan ）。臺北市：學富（原著出版年：1992）。
英文參考文獻
Ackerman, S. J., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2003). A review of therapist characteristics and techniques positively impacting the therapeutic alliance. Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 133-163.
Allen, J., Fonagy, P., & Bateman, A. (2008). Mentalizing in clinical practice. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Andersen, S. M., & Baum, A. (1994). Transference in interpersonal relations: Inferences and affect based on significant-other representation. Journal of Personality, 62, 459-497.
Andersen, S. M., & Chen, S. (2002). The relational self: An interpersonal social-cognitive theory. Psychological Review, 109, 619-645.
Andersen, S. M., & Glassman, N. S. (1996). Responding to significant others when they are not there: Effects on interpersonal inference, motivation, and affect. In R. M. Sorrentino & E.T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition (Vol. 3. pp. 262-321). New York, NY: Guilford.
Andersen, S. M., & Przybylinski, E. (2012). Experiments on transference in interpersonal relations: Implications for treatment. Psychotherapy, 49(3), 370-383.
Andersen, S. M., Reznik, I., & Glassman, N. S. (2005). The unconscious relational self. In R. Hassin, J. S. Uleman, & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The new unconscious (pp. 421-481). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Andrew, J. (1991). The active self in psychotherapy: An interpretation of therapeutic styles. New York, NY: Gardner.
Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1989). Attachment beyond infancy. American Psychologist, 44(4), 709-716.
Ainsworth, M. D. S., & Wittig, B. A. (1969). Attachment and exploratory behavior of one year olds in a strange situation. In B. M. Foss(Ed.), Determinants of infant behavior (Vol. 4.pp.11-136). London, England: Methuen.
Aron, L. (1996). A meeting of minds: Mutuality in psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
Asay, T. P., & Lambert, M. J. (1999). The empirical case for the common factors in therapy: Quantitative findings. In M. A. Hubble, B. L. Duncan, & S. D. Miller (Eds.), The heart and soul of change (pp. 33-57). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Baker, R. W., & Siryk, B. (1984). Measuring adjustment to college. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 179-189.
Baldwin, M. W. (1992). Relational schemas and the processing of social information. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 461-484.
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adult: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 26-244.
Bartz, J. A., & Lydon, J. E. (2006). Navigating the interdependence dilemma: Attachment goals and the use of communal norms with potential close others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 77-96.
Brammer, L. M. (1993). The helpering relationship : process and skill. New York, NY: Allyn & Bacon ,
Bateman, A., & Holmes, J. (1995). Introduction to psychoanalysis: Contemporary theory and practice. London, England: Routledge.
Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2008). 8-year follow-up of patients treated for borderline personality disorder: mentalization-based treatment versus treatment as usual. The American Journal of Psychology, 165, 631-638.
Berk, M. S., & Andersen, S. M. (2000). The impact of past relationships on interpersonal behavior: Behavioral confirmation in the social-cognitive process of transference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 546-562.
Benjamin, L. (2003). Interpersonal reconstructive therapy. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Bretherton, I., & Munholland, K. A. (1999). Internal working models in attachment relationships: A construct revisited. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical application (pp. 89-111). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Bordin, E. S. (1979). The generalizability of the psychoanalytic concept of the working alliance. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 16, 252-260.
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and Loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and Loss: Vol. 2. Separation: Anxiety and anger. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss: Vol. 3. Loss, sadness, and depression. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment (2nd ed). New York, NY: Basic Books.
Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Chen, S., & Anderson, S. M., (1999). Relationships from the past in the present: Significant-other representations and transference in the interpersonal life. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 31, pp. 123-190). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Collins, M., & Read, S. J. (1994). Attachment style, working model, and relationship quality in dating couple. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 644-663.
Cashdan, S. (1988). Object relations therapy: Using the relationship. New York, NY: Norton.
Dare, C. (2011). Psychodynamic psychotherapy for eating disorder. In G. O. Gabbard(ed.), Treatment of psychiatric disorders (3rd ed., pp. 2169-2192). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2000). Handbook of qualitative research. New York, NY: Sage Publications.
Feldman, D. M. (1989). The object relations and the therapeutic alliance: An empirical study. Doctoral dissertation, Yeshiva University.
Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (1990). Attachment style as a predictor of adult romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 281-291.
Fonagy, P., & Target, M. (2003). Psychoanalysis theories: perspectives from developmental psychopathology. London, England: Whurr.
Gabbard, G. O. (2000). Psychodynamic psychiatry in clinical practice. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
Gabbard, G. O.(2004). Long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy: A Basic Text. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
Gabbard, G. O. (2007). Psychotherapy in psychiatry. International review of Psychiatry, 19(1), 5-12.
Gelso, C. J., & Carter, J. A. (1994). Components of the psychotherapy relationship: Their interaction and unfolding during treatment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41(3), 296-306.
Gelso, C. J., Hill, C. E., Mohr, J., Rochlen, A. B., & Zack, J. (1999). The face of transference in successful, long-term therapy: A qualitative analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 46, 257-267.
Gelso, C. J., Kivlighan, D. M., Wise, B., Jones, A., & Friedman, S. C. (1997). Tranference, insight, and the course of time-limited therapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 44, 209-217.
Gillath, O., Selcuk, E., & Shaver, P. R. (2008). Moving toward a secure attachment style: Can repeated security priming help? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2, 1651-1666.
Gillath, O., Sesko, A. K., Shaver, P. R., & Chun, D. S. (2010). Attachment, authenticity, and honesty: Dispositional and experimentally induced security can reduce self- and other- deception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 841-855.
Giorgi, A. (1997). The theory, practice, and evaluation of the phenomenological method as a qualitative research procedure. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 28(2), 235-260.
Gitleson, M. (1962).The curative functions in psychotherapy. Journal of Psychoanalysis, 43, 194-205.
Greenson, R. R. (1967). The technique and practice of psychoanalysis. New York, NY: International Universities Press.
Gudjonsson, G. H., & Sigurdsson, J. F. (2005). The relationship of suggestibility and compliance with self-deception and other-deception. Psychology, Crime and Law, 19, 447-453.
Gunderson, J. G., & Gabbard, G. O. (1999). Making the case for psychoanalytic therapies in the current psychiatric environment. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 47(3), 679-704.
Gunlicks-Stoessel, M., Mufson, L., Jekal, A., & Turner, J. B. ( 2010). The impact of perceived interpersonal functioning on treatment for adolescent depression: IPT-A versus treatment as usual in school-based health clinics. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 260-267.
Hammen, C. L., Burge, D., Daley, S. E., Davila, J., Paley, B., & Rudolph, K. D. (1995). Interpersonal attachment cognition and prediction of symptomatic responses to interpersonal stress. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 436-443.
Hart, J., Shaver, P. R., & Goldenberg, J. L. (2005). Attachment, self-esteem, worldviews, and terror management: Evidence for a tripartite security system. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 999-1013.
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 52, 511-524.
Heinicke, C. M., & Ramsey-Klee, D. M. (1986). Outcome of child psychotherapy as a function of frequency of session. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 25(2), 247–253.
Holmes, P. (1992). The inner world outside: Object relations theory and psychodrama. London, England: Routledge.
Horvath, A. O., & Symonds, B. D. (1991). Relation between working alliance and outcome in psychotherapy: A meta-analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 38, 139-149.
Kelly, E. W. (1997). Relationship-centered counseling: A humanistic model of integration. Journal of Counseling and Development, 75, 337-345.
Knekt, P., Lindfors, O., Laaksonen, M. A., Raitasalo, R., Haaramo, P., & Järvikoski, A. (2007). Effectiveness of short-term and long-term psychotherapy on work ability and functional capacity-A randomized clinical trial on depressive and anxiety disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders, 107, 95-106.
Klein, M. (1940). Mourning and its relation to manic-depressive states. International Journal Psychoanalysis, 21, 125-153.
Klein, M. (1952). Some theoretical conclusions regarding the emotional life of the infant. In M. P. Klein, S. I. Heimann & J. Riviere (Eds.), Developments in psychoanalysis (pp. 198-236). London, England: Hogarth Press.
Klein, M. (1975). “Envy and gratitude” and other works, 1946-1963. New York, NY: Dell.
Klein, M. (1975). The writing of Melanie Klein, Vol. 2: The psychoanalysis of Children. London, England: Hogarth Press.
Kiesler, D. J. (1988). Therapeutic metacommunication: Therapist impact disclosure as feedback in psychotherapy. Palp Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.
Kiesler, D. J. (1996). Contemporary interpersonal theory and research: Personality, psychopathology, and psychotherapy. New York, NY: Wiley.
Kobak, R. R., & Sceery, A. (1988). Attachment in late adolescence: Working models, affect regulation, and representations of self and others. Child Development, 59, 135-146.
Kottler, J. A. (1992). Compassionate therapy-working with difficult clients. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Leichsenring, F., & Rabung, S. (2011). Long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy in complex mental disorders: update of a meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 199, 15–22.
Levenson, H. (1995). Time-limited dynamic psychotherapy: A guide to clinical practice. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Luborsky, L. (1984). Principles of psychoanalytic psychotherapy: manual for supportive–expressive treatment. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Luborsky, L., McLellan, T., Woody, G. E., O’Brien, C. P., & Auerbach, A. (1985). Therapist success and its determinants. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42, 602-611.
Luborsky, L., Crits-Christoph, P., Mintz, J., & Auerbach, A. (1988). Who will benefit from psychotherapy? New York, NY: Basic Books..
Luborsky, E. B., O’Reilly-Landry, M., & Arlow, J. A. (2008). Psychoanalysis. In R. J. Corsini & D. Wedding(Eds.), Current psychotherapies (8th ed., pp15-62). Belmont, CA: Brools/Cole.
Mahalik, J. R. (1994). Development of the client resistance scale. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 58-68.
Marziali, E., & Alexander, L. (1991). The power of the therapeutic relationship. American Journal of Orthopsychiatru, 61, 383-391.
May, R. (1977). The meaning of anxiety. New York, NY: Jossey-Bass.
Meara, N. M., Schmidt, L. D., & Day, J. D. (1996). Principles and virtues: A foundation for ethical decisions, policies, and character. The Counseling Psychologist, 24(4), 14-77.
Meffert, S. M., & Marmar, C. R. (2009). Darfur refugees in Cairo: Mental health and interpersonal conflict in the aftermath of genocide. Journal of Interpersonal, 24, 1835-1848.
Meffert, S. M., Abdo, A. O., Alla, O. A. A., Elmakki, Y. O. M., Omer, A. A., Yousif, S., Metzler, T. J., & Marmar, C. R. (2011). A pilot randomized controlled trial of interpersonal psychotherapy for Sudanese refugees in Cairo, Egypt. Psychological trauma: Theory, research, practice, and policy. Advance online publication.
Mikulincer, M., & Orbach, I. (1995). Attachment styles and repressive defensiveness: The accessibility and architecture of affective memories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(5), 917-925.
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment patterns in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., Bar-On, N., & Ein-Dor, T. (2010). The pushes and pulls of close relationships: Attachment insecurities and relational ambivalence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 450- 468.
Millon, T., & Grossman, S. (2007). Overcoming resistant personality disorders: A personalized psychotherapy approach. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Mitchell, S. A. (1988). Relational concepts in psychoanalysis: An integration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Mitchell, S. A. (1997). Influence and autonomy in psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
Molnos, A. (1998). A Psychotherapist`s Harvest [Online]. Available at http://fox.klte.hu/~keresofi/psyth/a-to-z-entries/projective_identification.html [Accessed: 03 March 2016]
Nylen, K. J., O’Hara, M. W., Brock, R., Moel, J., Gorman, L., & Stuart, S. (2010). Predictors of the longitudinal course of postpartum depression following interpersonal psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 757-763.
Orlinsky, D. E., & Howard, K. I. (1986). The psychological interior of psychotherapy: Explorations with the therapy sessions reports. In L. S. Greenberg & W. M. Pinsof(Eds.), The psychotherapeutic process: A Research handbook (pp. 477-501). New York, NY: Guilford.
Patterson, C. H. (1984). Empathy, warmth, and genuineness in psychotherapy: A review of reviews. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice, 21, 431-439.
Patterson, C. H. (1985). The therapeutic relationship: Foundations for eclectic psychotherapy. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks.
Reandeau, S. G., & Wampold, B. E. (1991). Relationship of power and involvement to working alliance: A multiple-case sequential analysis of brief therapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 38(2), 107-114.
Regina, A. F. (1996). Preoccupied and avoidant coping during middle childhood. Child Development, 67(4), 1318-1328.
Rogers, C. R. (1957). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21, 95-103.
Rogers, C. R. (1975). Empathy: An unappreciated way of being. The Counseling Psychologist, 5, 2-10.
Safran, J. D., Muran, J. C., Samstag, L. W., & Stevens, C. (2002). Repairing alliance ruptures. In J. C. Norcross (Ed.), Psychotherapy relationships that work (pp. 235-254). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Safran, J. D., & Muran, J. C. (2000). Negotiating the therapeutic alliance: A relational treatment guide. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Sexton, T. L., & Whiston, S. C. (1994). The status of counseling relationship: An empirical review, theory implications, and research directions. The Counseling Psychologist, 22, 6-78.
Shevrin, H., & Shectman, F. (1973). The diagnostic process in psychiatric evaluations. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 37(5), 451-494.
Simpson, J. A., Rholes, W. S., & Phillips, D. (1997). Conflict in close relationships: An attachment perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 899-914.
Srivastava, S., & Beer, J. S. (2005). How self-evaluations relate to being liked by others: Integrating sociometer and attachment perspectives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 966-977.
Strong, S. R. (1968). Counseling: An Interpersonal influence process. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 15(3), 215-224.
Stuart, S., & Robertson, M. (2003). Interpersonal psychotherapy-a clinician`s guide. London, England: Hodder Education.
St. Clair, M., & Wigren, J. (2004). Object relations and self- psychology: An introduction (2nd ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). London, England: Sage Publications.
Stiles, W. B., Shapior, D. A. (1995). Verbal exchange structure of brief psychodynamic-interpersonal and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63(1), 15-27.
Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York, NY: Norton.
Teyber, E. (2000). Interpersonal process in psychotherapy: A relational approach. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Teyber, E., & McClure, F. H. (2011). Interpersonal process in psychotherapy: An integrative model. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Tesch, R. (1990). Qualitative research: Analysis types and software tools. New York, NY: Falmer.
Wachtel, P. L. (2008). Relational theory and the practice of psychotherapy. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Wampold, B. E. (2001). The great psychotherapy debate: Models, method, and findings. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Weaver, J. B. (2005). Mapping the links between personality and communicator style. Individual Research, 3(1), 59-70.
Weiss, J. (1993). How psychotherapy works. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Yalom, I. D. (1995). The theory and practice of group psychotherapy. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Yardley, L. (2000). Dilemmas in qualitative health research. Psychology and Health, 15, 215-228. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
輔導與諮商碩士學位學程(MPCG)
102172001 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102172001 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [輔導與諮商碩士學位學程] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 200101.pdf | 1063Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 439 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
